Noun (

)-

Generally, the purpose of a sentence is to provide information about or give instructions to a person, animal, place or thing. The word or words used in the sentence that refer to the name of the person, animal, place or thing are known as Noun. It is probably the most widely used part of speech. , . . (boy), Noun . ,

(Ram), .

(gulab), (house)

All words used in a sentence as a name for any person, place, animal, object etc come under the classification of noun. Noun , .

Nouns can be further sub-classified into various categories depending on the type of object they refer to. noun .

Types of nouns are... , Proper Noun Common Noun

o o o

Noun

Collective Noun Abstract Noun Gender Noun

o o

Number Noun Case Noun Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 of Nouns

Adjective (

)-

Adjective is a word used to describe, point out or specify the number of the person, animal, place or thing specified in a noun. An adjective is used to incorporate additional meaning to any noun to describe the object. , , , .

Adjective

noun . Adjective . noun

, ,

He is a lazy boy. lazy

. . boy

Here the word lazy describes the boy.

I like that painting.

that painting . In this sentence that points to the painting (thing)

The basket has some brinjals.

some noun brinjal . ,

Some is used before brinjal to

give an indication of the number (quantity) of brinjals.

adjective lazy, that some . Lazy, that and some used in the sentences above are examples of adjectives. Adjective noun . (adjective )

Depending on the type of description it provides for a noun, the adjective can be classified into different categories. adjective ...

Adjectives can be divided into the following categories, depending on their use...

Adjective of Quality Adjective of Quantity -

Adjective of Number Adjective of Comparison Demonstrative Adjective Articles (a / an / the) noun . .

Adjective

Adjectives are used at specific location in relation to the nouns that they describe. Click here for more information on this. Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 of Adjectives

Pronoun (

)-

The word that is used in place of a noun is called a pronoun. It is often better to use a pronoun for indicate an object, thing or place. It gives a better meaning and improves the impact to the message that you want to deliver. Pronoun sentences 1. 2. Raju Noun ... . .

Raju is absent because Raju is ill. Raju is absent because he is ill.

Raju he . . .

Pronoun .

1. Personal Pronouns 2. Impersonal Pronouns 3. Reflexive and Emphatic Pronouns

Adjectives

Verb (

)-

Verb is that word or group of words in the sentence that specifies the action taken or the state of the subject. Verb is probably the most important part of speech in the english language. It is so important that no sentence can be complete without a verb. . Verb verb speech : laughs, was driven, is verb 1. Noun (Rinku) . Noun (car) 2. . 3. Noun (cat) . sentence sentence - sentence , . parts of .

Verb

Rinku laughs

The car was driven.. The cat is good.

. .

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Active and Passive Voices Moods Tenses Person and Number Auxiliary Verbs

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 of Verbs

Adverb (
Adverb . -

)verb, adjective adverb

Adverb is the part of speech that provide additional information about some verb, adjective or some other adverb. adjective adverb noun pronoun adverb , .

verb, adjective

Just like an adjective describes some noun or pronoun, an adverb describes some verb, adjective or some other adverb.

Raju runs quickly. This is a very sweet mango. Sahib reads quite clearly.
modify adverb . modify

Adverbs used at the beginning of a sentence sometimes modify the meaning of the entire sentence.

Evidently the facts are correct. Luckily no one was hurt in the accident. Probably he is mistaken.
Adverbs are also categorised into several sub-categories depending on the nature of modification or description they provide to their parent words. Click here to read about the kind of adverbs. .

Care must be taken to decide where the adverb is placed in a sentence, as it can effect the meaning of the sentence. Click here for the discussion on how to use adverbs Adverb , . .

Pages: 1 2 of Adverbs

Preposition ( Preposition . Preposition Noun Noun Pronoun

)
Pronoun

. The word or group of words that are used with a noun or pronoun to express its relation with some other word in the sentence is known as a Preposition. in, of into Observe the use of in, of and into in the sentences below. ...

The farmer is in the field.

noun farmer field

in . Here the word in specifies the relationship between the two nounsfarmer and field.

She is fond of milk.

of adjective fond .

milk Of describes the relationship between the adjective fond and nounmilk.

The mouse jumped into the pot.

into verb jumped .

pot

The verb jumped and the noun pot is related by the word into

Conjunction (

Conjunction

Conjunction is the word that joins two words or sentences.

1. 2.

Two and two make four I like to study but he likes to play.
relative pronouns, relative adverbs

Conjunctions prepositions

Relative pronouns, relative adverbs and prepositions also join words and sentences, hence care has to be taken while classifying them into the different parts of speech.

Correlative Conjunctions
conjunctions , ...

Some conjunctions are used in pairs, like this...

Either....or Neither....nor Both....and Between....and

Though....yet Whether....or Not only .... but also pairs conjunctions . correlative

conjunctions

Conjunctions used in such pairs are referred to as correlative conjunctions.

Compound Conjunctions
compound expressions compound conjunctions . conjunctions ;

Often we use compound expressions as conjunctions; such expressions as called compound conjunctions.

even if so that on condition that as well as as soon as

Top

Conjunctions

- co-

ordinating subordinating. Pages: 1 2 of Conjunctions

Interjection (

...

See the examples below...

Hurrah! We have won.

Alas! I miss him.

Hurrah! Alas! interjections . Grammar . Interjections . .

The words like Hurrah! Alas! etc are called interjections. These words are used to express very strong, sudden sentiments. Grammatically these words have no connection with the sentences they are used with. Interjection ...

Below are some sentiments that are expressed with interjections...

Joy / Grief /

Hurrah! Wow! Alas! On No! Oh! Ah! What! Bravo!

Surprise / Approval /

interjection ...

Sometimes some group of words are also used together to express strong sentinments, like...

Ah me! For shame! Well done! Good gracious!

, Interjection . ( )

While writing, the exclamation mark (!) is used to mark the end of an I

nterjection.

Tense (

)-

No sentence can be complete without a verb. The verb gives information about the action being performed or information about the state of a noun or pronoun. To give a complete picture of the action or state, the proper form of a verb should be used so as to give an indication in relation to time. We should be able to make out whether the work has been completed, it is presently underway or it will be done after sometime. verb ( .

) .

. verb verb

. verb

I walk I walked I will walk

 ( walk. ) . Tense )

will walk

. , -

(I) . walk

to walk (present ) )

- walk, walked will (past -

walked

(future -

verb ( ... )

Tense (

1. Present Tense ( 2. Past Tense ( 3. Future Tense (

) )

Present Tense (

The form of verb that indicates a underway or just currently completed action is known as the present tense. Verb Present Tense

I walk. Past Tense ( )

The form of verb that indicates to an action that had occured in the past is known as the past tense. Verb Past Tense .

I walked. Future Tense ( )

Similary, the form of verb that indicates an action that will occur after some time (in the future) is known as the future tense. Verb Future Tense .

I will walk. Four sub-classes of each of the three tenses

This discussion on Tenses cannot be completed without mentioning that each of the tenses are further classified into 4 sub-groups. To properly describe any event or action it is vital that you use the proper form of the tenses in your sentence. Tenses English 4 .

These sub-groups are... ... 1. Simple or Indefinite 2. Continuous 3. Perfect -

4. Perfect Continuous -

Click here to see an example of each of the 12 forms of the tenses. .

Forms of Tense (
Jump to: Present Tense

Past Tense Future Tense

Verb

. A verb is used in a sentence to describe an action or status.

. To complete this description it is important that it be described in relation to time - past, present or future. tense Tense is used to provide this information .

English tense ( ) 12 . English language has 12 forms to elaborate the tense of the verb.

walk 12 . Below are the twelve forms of the verb walk. Present Tense
1. Present Indefinite Tense 2. Present Continuous Tense 3. Present Perfect Tense 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

I walk. I am walking. I have walked.

. .

I have been walking. For more information on Present Tense click here. . Past Tense
1. Past Indefinite Tense

I walked.

2. Past Continuous Tense 3. Past Perfect Tense 4. Past Perfect Continous Tense

I was walking. I had walked.

I had been walking.

For more information on Past Tense click here. .

Future Tense
1. Future Indefinite Tense 2. Future Continuous Tense. 3. Future Perfect Tense 4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

I shall walk. I shall be walking. I shall have been walking.

. . .

I shall have walked.

.

For more information on Future Tense click here. .

Present Tense (
See also: Forms of Tenses Past Tense Future Tense

When the timeframe of the action under discussion is current, then it is said to be in the Present Tense. In this section we shall dwell on the 4 different forms of the present tense. Use of the proper form is very important in correctly and successfully explaining any action. 4 . .

See the sentences below - Each one of them in the present tense but the message they convey are different.

I walk -

. . . . , .

I am walking -

I have walked -

I have been walking -

Present Indefinite (

Present Indefinite is used to present general truths and habitual actions. Present Indefinite ( ) . are . . . - .

I walk.

There are seven days in a week.

Present Continous (

Present Continous is used to describe actions in the current time that have not been completed. Present Continous ( ) . . . am walking

I am walking.

The train is coming.

is coming

Present Perfect (

Present Perfect is used to describe actions in the current time that have been completed. Present Continous ( ) . have walked . . - . has come

I have walked.

The train has come.

Present Perfect Continous (

Present Perfect Continous is used to indicate that some action in the current time has been going on for some time and is not yet over. Present Perfect Continous ( ) .

. has been

I have been walking.

walking . has been

The train has been coming late for the last ten

days.

coming .

Past Tense (
See also: Forms of Tenses Present Tense Future Tense

When the timeframe of the action being described is in the past, then it is said to be in the Past Tense. ( ) , .

In this section we shall dwell on the 4 different forms of the past tense. Use of the proper form is very important in correctly and successfully explaining any action. 4 . .

See the sentences below - Each one of them in the past tense - but the status of the action they convey are different.

I walked -

I was walking - I had walked -

.

. . , .

I had been walking -

Past Indefinite (

Past Indefinite is used to express past general truths and habitual actions. Past Indefinite ( ) . . were . . - .

I walked.

There were few schools earlier.

Past Continous (

Past Continous is used to describe actions in the current time that have not been completed. Past Continous ( ) .

I was walking.

was . was

walking

standing

The train was standingat the platform when I reached.

Past Perfect (

Past Perfect is used to describe actions in the current time that have been completed. Past Continous ( ) . . had walked . had arrived

I had walked that day.

The train had arrivedwhen I reached the station.

- .

Past Perfect Continous (

Past Perfect Continous is used to indicate that some action in the past time has been going on for some time and is not yet over in reference to that timeframe. Past Perfect Continous ( ) . . had been walking . had been coming

I had been walking.

The train had been coming late regularly upto last week.

Future Tense (
See also: Forms of Tenses Present Tense Past Tense

When the timeframe of the action under discussion is current, then it is said to be in the Future Tense. In this section we shall dwell on the 4 different forms of the present tense. Use of the proper form is very important in correctly and successfully explaining any action. 4 . See the sentences below - Each one of them in the future tense but the message they convey are different.

I shall walk -

. . . . .

I shall be walking -

I shall have walked -

I shall have been walking -

,

Future Indefinite (

Future Indefinite is used to present general truths and habitual actions. Future Indefinite ( ) . . . will reach .

I shall walk.

You will reach Bilaspur in the evening.

Future Continous (

Future Continous is used to describe actions in the current time that have not been completed. Future Continous ( ) . be walking . will be standing . shall

I shall be walkingwhen you reach the ground.

The train will be standing when you reach.

Future Perfect (

Future Perfect is used to describe actions in the future that have been completed. Future Perfect ( ) .

I shall have walked.

. have walked .

shall

will have come

The train will have come by the time you reach.

Future Perfect Continous (

Future Perfect Continous is used to indicate that some action in the future time will be going on for some time and will be not yet over (with reference to that timeframe). Future Perfect Continous ( ) .

I shall have been walking.

shall have been walking . will have been coming

The train will have been coming on time by next month.

Punctuations . Punctuation ( ) . .

Punctuations are deployed at the time of writing. They indicate the type of sentences and the places where of the pauses and stops are intended by the writer and their nature. The punctuation also indicates what type of pause is intended - the pause is different for questions and different for exclamations. Punctuations are...

commonly used punctuations

Full Stop . ( Question Mark ? (

) -

) )

Exclamation Mark ! ( Comma , ( Colon : ( Semi Colon ; ( )) )-

. Some other used punctuations are...

Inverted Comma ' ( Hyphen - ( ) ) ) Parentheses () ( Apostrophe ' (

) -

Comma (

)-

The comma (,) is the short pause and is always used within sentences. It is used in cases wherever the writer wants to indicate a small separation, like... To separate words or elements of the same part of speech in

a series... This is Ram, Sahib, Kiran and Mahesh. Get up, freshen up, have breakfast and rush off to school. To separate two pair of words using "and".

Semi Colon (

)-

The semi colon (;) is used to connect two loosely connected clauses.

Colon (

)-

The colon (:) is optionally used to mark the beginning of a quotation or at the beginning of an enumeration.

Question Mark (

)-

The question mark (?) is used to mark the end of a direct question.

Exclamation Mark (

)-

The exclamation mark (!) is used to mark the end of an Interjection.

Full Stop To end a sentence

The full stop (.) is the greatest pause and indicates the end of an imperative or a declarative sentence. . imperative declarative .

To mark abbreviations
The full stop has also been traditionally used in abbreviations, but now-a-days this use of the full stop has become optional.

Parts of Speech ( A words are spoken or written together in a specific manner to create meaningfulsentences. The interpretation of the message can be changed in how the words are arranged or used. In order to get the proper sequence of words to deliver the correct message we must understand the different categories or parts of speech.

Eight different parts of speech have been identified in the english language, on the basis of which one can create and deliver a sentence with the proper content and message. .

. 8 ...
Adjective ( )-

English 8
Noun (

Parts of Speech )

Parts of Speech (
)-

, Noun .

Adjective , . - , -

Noun , ,

The word used as the name to indicate a person, place or thing is called a noun.

The word that describe the noun - that elaborate on the appearance, quality, quantity etc. - is known as an adjective.
Verb ( )-

Pronoun (

)-

Pronoun

Noun .

Verb Noun .

Pronoun is the word used in place of a noun, generally to avoid repetition of the noun.

Verb is the word or group of words that says something about the noun or expresses some action by the noun.
Preposition ( )-

Adverb (

)-

Adverb Adjective

Verb, Adverb .

Preposition Noun Pronoun Noun . Preposition is a word used with a noun or pronoun. It expresses the relationship of that noun or pronoun with some other noun or pronoun. Pronoun Pronoun Noun

An adverb is the word that improvises or expresses some characteristics of the verb, adjective or some other adverb.

Conjunction (

)-

Interjection (

)-

Conjunction . Conjunction is the word that joins two words or sentences.

Interjection . Interjection is the word that expresses the strong sudden sentiments sometimes experienced.