CITY PROFILE OF GURGAON

1 Introduction In 1966 when the state of Haryana was formulated, Gurgaon was designated as on of its districts.The city of Gurgaon, at present, is riding high on residential, commercial and retail developments. Due to public-private sector partnership model in real estate development that has been the major force behind Gurgaon emerging as the corporate capital. It has developed more because of connectivity options to the capital. 2 Location Gurgaon is situated in NCR of Delhi and is at a distance of 10 km from the IGI airport , Delhi.On its north, it is bounded by the district of Rohtak and Delhi.Faridabad district lies to its east.On its south, it shares boundaries with the state of Rajasthan and U.P.To its west lies district of Rewari and state of Rajasthan.

Fig 1 : Location Map of Gurgaon

3 Background Historical growth of Gurgaon The district derieved its name from Guru Dronacharya to whom the village of guru gram ( whose name got distorted to Gurgaon ) was gifted by the Pandavas.During Akbars reign , the district fell within the subas of Agra and Delhi.After the decline of Mughals, in 1803 A.D. it came under the British rule. The district was divided into parganas, which were given to chief petty granted as Jagirs, by the Britishers 1858 it was transferred from n. W. Province to Punjab 1861 it was rearranged to 5 tehsils Gurgaon, f.p. Jhirka nuh, Palwal and Rewari 1911 1921 Ballabhgarh was added up as the sixth tehsil

1941 1951 under province and state order 1950, 9 villages of the district were transferred to Rajasthan and pataudi state was merged 1972 Rewari tehsil was excluded 1979 Gurgaon district was divided to form new district of Faridabad in which tehsils of Palwal and Ballabhgarh were merged. The present district of Gurgaon comprises of 9 blocks tauru , nuh, pataudi, nagina, panhana, f.p. Jhirka, Sohna, Gurgaon and farrukh nagar Initially , most of the area was agriculture in nature.Till 1971, the growth was slow. With only present city centre showing some development.The planned urban development of Gurgaon started in 1966 with the interception of the town under the urban estates deptt. , Haryana.First sectors to be developed were sec. 4 and 7 as residential sectors and sec. 18 as the industrial estate, by the year 1975 sec. 14 and 17 were also under construction. With establishment of HUDA under HUDA act, 1977 the development gained momentum.With the advent of private developers from 1981 onwards the area experienced a great boom in construction activity
Table 1: Population growth

1971 Gurgaon district Gurgaon town Gurgaon city 17,07,369 57151

1981

1991

2001

8,49,598 11,46,090 16,57,669 89,115 1,00,877 1,21,486 1,35,884

4 Factors responsible for urbanization Gurgaon was classified as priority town in metropolitian area, thus supplemented to Delhi needs.With majors mncs like ge capital, microsoft, coca cola relocating offices at Gurgaon led to rise in urbanization.Private developers allowed to develop land. They provided housing with high construction quality and better amenties.Presently, even though the land values are high, the demand for housing has been growing due to increase in affordibility Effects Of Urbanization Depletion in already scarce ground water ( according to neeri , the water table in Gurgaon has been depleting at rate of 0.8 to 1 mt per annum.Increase in vehicular traffic has led to congestion on roads and also has aided to depleting air quality Travel pattern Has road linkages with NH 8 , the NH joining Delhi and Jaipur. Majority of people use their on vehicles. Lack of public transport

Built form Out of the 6243 ha land used for residential purposes , 2401 ha has been developed by private developers Table 6.2 : Development split Pvt. Sector Area % of total pvt. Dlf universal ltd. 931 ( 38.8 % Ansal industries 576 (1427) 24.2% Unitech ltd. 246 (607) 10.3% Other developers 647 (1606) 26.7% Total 2401 100%
Source: ansal prop. Ltd

Public sector agencies mainly HUDA also carried out large scale acquisition and development of land. The residential area was given out on lease term basis on a nominal and affordable price.The % of housing for lower income groups is less therfore giving rise to unauthorised residential developments. Characteristics of unauthorised residential development.On pvt. Agricultural land which has been developed by small scale developers without taking license from HUDA.There area is characterized by pucca housing and sub standard facilities.These are consequently authorized by the municipalities and provided with essential facilities. Total area under unauthorized residential development in 1998 was 550 ha which has increased to 1322 ha ( approx.) Table 6.3 : Growth of colonies Year No. Of colonies 1985 29 1990 33 1992 46 1996 52 1998 66
Source: HUDA office, Gurgaon

Land values Palam vihar ( apartment) Sushant lok (apartment) Dlf ph 1 ( individual plot )
Source: 99acres.com

Rs 15000/- per sq yds Rs 15000/- Rs 20000 per sq yds Rs 30000/- Rs 35000 per sq yds

Reason for high land values: Firstly, the land prices have always been higher in the southern part of Delhi. The trend has continued even beyond the borders.As private developers have been allowed to develop land in Gurgaon, they have

come up with attractive designs and other facilities to earn more profits by targeting a particular section of the societyThere is dire need for housing in Delhi and many people who donot want to shift from south Delhi prefer to shift further south

Quality of life in terms of basic services

Electricity
Table 6.4 : Sources of power Sno Main sources of supply 1 2 3 4 5 6 400k.v. s/stn. Samaypur (Faridabad) through 220k.v. double circuit samaypur-badshapur line. 220k.v. s/stn bbmb Delhi through 66k.v. double circuit Delhi-Gurgaon line 220k.v. s/stn. Ballabhgarh through 66k.v. single circuit Ballabhgarh Sohna line. 220k.v. s/stn. Palwal through 66k.v.single circuit Palwal-mandkola-nuh line. 220k.v. s/stn. Bbmb Delhi throu 33k.v.Delhi-Gurgaon line 66k.v. s/stn. Hodal through 33k.v. hodal-punhana line .

There is shortage of electricity and water supply

5 Land use structure of city Table 6.5 : Land Use Distribution Land use Residential Industrial Commercial Circulation Public semi public Defence land Open land Special land Total
Source: HUDA office, Gurgaon

Area ( ha) 6243 1349 421 865 302 233 363 106 9881

% 63.18 13.65 4.25 8.75 3.05 2.35 3.62 1.07 100

6 Governance of the city and its impact on reducing poverty Governance which can be defined as justice (fairness), participation, accountability, transparency.Development focused upon higher income group leading to increase in economic disparity and hence fueling the crime rate in the district ( 339 in 2004 increased to 628 criminal incidents till 24 oct 2005).The focus has been more on bringing up the glittery glass fronted commercial buildings rather than providing proper infrastructure(proper roads, electricity and water etc).

7 Conclusions

Strengths
Proximity to Delhi Well connected by road to Delhi Private sector keen to invest , the private is more keen to invest in Gurgaon than in any other neighboring towns Abundance of land
Weakness

Lack of law and order in city Poor physical infrastructure

In 2003, Gurgaon was named the mellinium city, but the city has not lived to its promise and potential as justified by its increasing crime rate, poor physical infrastructure