What is Database Management System (DBMS)?

A database management system (DBMS) is the software that allows a computer to perform database functions of storing, retrieving, adding, deleting and modifying data. Relational database management systems (RDBMS) implement the relational model of tables and relationships. Examples: Microsoft Access, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle and FileMaker Pro are all examples of database management systems.
a software systems that enables users to define, create, maintain & control access to the database. - a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access those of data. **We could also consider that a DBMS is a system that has a back end and front end. The back end serves a repository of data or describes the database itself while a front end provides an environment or GUI for users to understand the involving attributes or fields in a system and represents the fields inside in the database. In other words, back end and front end describes entirely the composition of a database management system. Further, the primary goal of a DBMS is to provide a way to store and retrieve database information that is both convenient and efficient. What facilities do DBMS provides to user?

Data Definition Language (DDL) - It allows user to define the database and specify the data types and structures and the constraints on the data to be stored in the database. - To specify the database schema. Data Manipulation Language (DML) - To express database queries and updates. - It allows user to insert, update (modify), delete & retrieve data from the database.
Types of DML a. Procedural DMLs require a user to specify what data are needed and how to get those data.

b. Non Procedural DMLs (Declarative DMLs) requires a user to specify what data are needed without specifying how to get those data. - referring to query language.
Components of the DBMS Environment

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Data Hardware
Hardware It can range from a single personal computer, to single mainframe to a network of computers. Basically it refers to the tangible parts of a computer system that supports the software component. The particular hardware depends on the organizations requirement and the DBMS used. Software This component helps the hardware to coordinate from different components to function. The software component comprises the DBMS software itself and the application programs, together with the operating system including the network software (if DBMS being used in a network). Data Data component is perhaps the most important component of the DBMS environment because it acts as bridge between the machine component and the human components. Procedures It refers to the instructions, protocol and rules govern the use and maintenance of the database system. People The final component involved in the system. Database

Software

Procedures

People

A database is a collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. The structure of a database is dependent on how the data is organized, according to a particular database model. Today we commonly use a relational database model. Other models include a hierarchical model and the network model. A computer database relies on software to organize the data and how it is stored and retrieved. The type of software used for this is called a database management system (DBMS). Database management systems are categorized according to the database model that they support. The model, in turn, determines the query languages that are available to access the database. This determined how the data is retrieved, manipulated and then used to make business decisions. Other important issues that a DBMS addresses include managing performance, concurrency, integrity, and recovery from hardware failures. It is also known as db.
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According to David Bolton, a database is an application that manages data and allows fast storage and retrieval of that data. There are different types of database but the most popular is a relational database that stores data in tables where each row in the table holds the same sort of information. In the early 1970s, Ted Codd, an IBM researcher devised 12 laws of normalization. These apply to how the data is stored and relations between different tables. SQL is a simplistic programming language that is used in relational databases. Oracle and SQL Server are popular commercial relational databases. MySQL is a very popular Open Source relational database

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