LECTURE 4ii

TAKING-OFF QUANTITIES

COST ESTIMATION AND TAKING OFF

LECTURE OUTLINE

Cost estimation Techniques of Cost Estimation Factors affecting cost estimate Taking off quantities Worked examples for excavation, concrete, steel and formwork Tutorial

LECT 4 ii INTRODUCTION TO QUANTITY TAKEOFF

What is a quantity takeoff? an extraction of the quantities needed to construct a project based on the dimensions in the drawings & specifications

quantity take off is done for -estimating process or -ordering materials -preparing quantities in a BQ

Taking off is the first process in the Analytical Estimating method

accurate estimating relies on an accurate quantity takeoff
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The Quantity Take Off Process

A simple process? If not why?

projects are difficult to quantify large scale-construction is big wide range of materials & components no two projects are the same

specialized people to do it the Quantity Surveyor

THE QUANTITY TAKEOFF PROCESS (cont.)

use standard quantification sheets description detailed enough for cost estimator to price item number dimensions length, width, height (depth)

WORKED EXAMPLES

1 Excavation 2 Concreting 3 Rebar 4 Formwork

1. EXCAVATION

1600
Basement wall Cement plaster Mason wall

400

1300

Fig.1 Excavation for strip footing for small brick building (perimeter of wall = 52.80m)
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1. EXCAVATION
DIMENSION DESCRIPTION

1 1/

2 L 52.80 W 1.30 H 1.50 ------

(Assume 2.0 m deep excavation for strip) Soil excavation less than 1.5 m deep from surface, backfilled and compacted, leveled surface, excess soil disposed off.
103 m3

102.96 52.80 1.30 0.50 -----34.32 Explanation of columns under DIMENSION 1- No. of units, 2- Dimensions, 3- total generated quantity
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Soil excavation more than 1.5 m but less than 3.0 m deep, backfilled, compacted, leveled the surface, excess soil disposed off. 34.3 m3

2. CONCRETING

50 mm (1:9)

Foundation column Foundation footing RC (1:2:4 20 mm agg.)

12 nos.

Fig. 2 Substructure for small frame building

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DIMENSION 12/

DESCRIPTION 1:2:4 CONCRETE FOR FOOTING RC (1:2:4 20 mm agg.) for foundation footing (Area A)

0.750 0.085 0.250 -----0.191 12/ 0.700 0.065 0.250 -----0.137 12/ 0.750 0.085 ------0.765(A) 0.700 0.065 ------0.546 (B)

0.191 m3 (i.e. 12x0.75x0.085x0.25) RC (1:2:4 20 mm agg.) for foundation footing (Area B)

Total 0.328 m3 (A+B)

50 MM LEAN CONCRETE (1:9)

(N.B. For costing purposes, lean concrete (?) measured in m2 area)

1.311 m2 (Total A+B)

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3. STEEL REBAR -footing

COLUMN

GROUND BEAM

50 mm concrete (1:9)

1225
FOUNDATION COLUMN

50 mm concrete (1:9) NO. OF FOOTING = 10 CONCRETE COVER FOR FOOTING = 37.5 mm, FOR COLUMN = 25.0 mm

Fig. 3 Substructure for a frame building

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3. STEEL REBAR -footing

DIMENSION DESCRIPTION 20 mm mild rebar in foundation footing
R20

W=1250 mm, cover 37.5 mm

Assume bend =5

10/ 2/ 6/

(10 locations) (2 ways) (6 units each way)

Length = W cover + bend = 1.250 2(0.0375) + 2(5)(0.020) = 1.375

1.38 -----165.60 165.50 m.

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3. STEEL REBARcolumn stump links

DIMENSION DESCRIPTION
R6 150 mm c/c

225

225

Assume link bend = 24

Length

= 4(W cover) + bend = 4[0.225 2(0.025)] + 24(0.006) = 0.844 m

No. of link = Effective Length/Spacing (formula to use) = 1.225/0.150 = 8.17 say =8+1 =9

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3. STEEL REBARcolumn stump links (cont.)

DIMENSION DESCRIPTION
R6 150 mm c/c

225

225
(10 columns)

10/ 9/

(9 links)

6 mm mild rebar links in foundation column

0.844 ------75.96 75.96 m total length

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4. FORMWORK-footing

Note: different footing dimensions now

ELEVATION

FOUNDATION COLUMN

FOUNDATION FOOTING

PLAN

FOUNDATION COLUMN

NO. OF FOOTING = 10
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4. FORMWORK-footing (cont.)
DIMENSION DESCRIPTION
300

rebar
1200

1200

Formwork for sides of footing. Length = 4W = 4(1.200) = 4.800 m 10/ 4.800 0.300 -----14.40 14.40 m2.

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4. FORMWORK-footing (cont.)
DIMENSION DESCRIPTION
200

400

Plan view

1500 height

Section Formwork for sides of foundation column. 10/ 1.200 1.500 -----18.00 Perimeter = 2(W + D) = 2(0.200 + 0.400) = 1.200 m

18.00 m2.
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Terms check

2Y12-9? R6-102-250? Bar banding schedule? Soffit? Stump? Lean concrete? Formwork vs falsework?
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