Certificate Biology - New Mastering Basic Concepts Suggested answers Ch 4

Suggested answers
The University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate/Midland Examining Group bears no
responsibility for the example answers to questions taken from its past question papers which are
contained in the textbooks.

Chapter 4 Diversity of organisms

Reinforce and test your learning (p.101)
1 a iii
b i
c v
d ii
e iv 1m x 5
2 a Single cell, no true nucleus 0.5m
b Single cell or multicellular, with true nucleus 0.5m
c Single cell or made up of hyphae, have cell wall 0.5m
d Bacteria 0.5m
e Algae 0.5m
f Mushroom 0.5m
3 B 1m
4 D 1m
5 B 1m
6 C 1m
7 a X: protein coat 1m
Y: genetic materials 1m
b They do not show all of the seven characteristics of living organisms. 1m
They do not have a full cell structure. 1m
c Bacteria consist of a single cell but viruses do not. 1m
d ii, iii, iv (2m for all correct answers or no marks)
8 a i Take some cells and observe with a microscope. 1m
If the cells have cell walls, it can be classified as a plant. 1m
ii The characteristic of the skin and the organ for breathing should be observed. 1m
If it has gills and wet slimy scales on its body, it should be a fish. 1m
If it has lungs, wet, slimy skins and no scales, it should be an amphibian. 1m
If it has lungs and skin covered by hard dry scales, it should be a reptile. 1m
b i It does not lay hard-shelled eggs for reproduction.
It has no feathers.
It has no dry scales on legs. (any 2) 2m
ii It does not breathe with gills but with lungs.
It does not lay eggs for reproduction but the young develop inside the mother's body.
Females have well-developed mammary glands to feed their young. (any 2) 2m
9 a Mammals 1m
b Reptiles 1m
c Gymnosperms 1m
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Certificate Biology - New Mastering Basic Concepts Suggested answers Ch 4

d Fungi 1m
e Flowering plants 1m
10 An example is shown below:
1 a with a hard shell crab
b without a hard shell go to 2
2 a with wings go to 3
b without wings go to 4
3 a with feathers chicken
b without feathers bee
4 a with leaves go to 5
b without leaves jellyfish
5 a with needle-shaped leaves cypress
b without needle-shaped leaves fern
1m for each correct step
11 a Breathe with lungs
Internal fertilization
Eggs developed in shells after fertilization (any 2) 1m x 2
b Feathers
Homoiotherms (any 1) 1m
c Fish, amphibians, mammals 0.5m x 3
(0.5m for each correct example) 0.5m x 3
d Backbone/vertebral column/spine 1m
e Land 1m
12 a Non-flowering plants: B, D and E 2m
Flowering plants: A and G 2m
b All organisms, except C, have chlorophyll. 1m
Mushroom/yeast/any other fungi 1m
c The leaves of A have a network of veins but the leaves of G have parallel veins. 1m
A has two cotyledons in the seeds but G has only one cotyledon. 1m
d Seeds 1m
e Vascular tissue 1m

Examination papers
Multiple-choice questions (p.103)

1 B
2 A
3 B
4 B
5 C

Structured questions (p.103)

1 a Animal A is an annelid. 1m
Animal B is an insect. 1m
Animal C is a mollusc. 1m
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Certificate Biology - New Mastering Basic Concepts Suggested answers Ch 4

Animal D is an arachnid. 1m
b A mollusc has no legs. 1m
It has a coiled shell. 1m
c Animal B has wings but Animal D does not. 1m
2 a Mammals: A, F, I and K 0.5m x 4
Animals with feathers: B and J 0.5m x 2
Animals with fins: D, G, L and O 0.5m x 4
b This is because these behavioural characteristics may be present in different groups of
animals or the same animal at all stages of its life. 1m

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