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AP/OCT 2008/SUG214

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME

INTRODUCTORY HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING SUG214 OCTOBER 2008 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. 2. 3. This question paper consists of six (6) questions. Answer five (5) questions only in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: i) ii) the Question Paper an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 4 printed pages
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AP/OCT 2008/SUG214

QUESTION 1 a) What is Bathymetric Surveying? (4 marks) b) Tabulate the differences between bathymetric plan and nautical chart. (6 marks) c) What are the advantages of doing hydrographic survey with automation compare to conventional technique? (10 marks)

QUESTION 2 a) With the aid of diagrams, describe the characteristic of the following tides. i) ii) Hi) iv) Spring tide Neap tide Diurnal tide Semi-diurnal tide (12 marks) b) What are the three (3) components of forces involved between the moon and the sun for the tidal phenomena? (3 marks) c) The tidal constituents can only be obtained from the analysis of the real tide observed at a place. List down at least five (5) main tidal constituents. (5 marks)

QUESTION 3 a) With the aid of diagram describe the five (5) basic components of an echo sounder. (5 marks) b) Explain the principal of measuring depth under a water surface using an echo sounder. (6 marks) c) Single beam echo sounder needs be to calibrated before carrying out depth determination. Briefly discuss why the calibration is required. (4 marks) d) What are the factors affecting the speed of sound in water column during depth determination using single beam echo sounder? (5 marks)
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AP/OCT 2008/SUG214

QUESTION 4 a) Diagram 1 below shows the information of hydrographic survey data collection. Diagram 1

Table 1 Fix 10 20 30 40 50 Time 3.30 3.40 3.50 4.00 4.10 pm pm pm pm pm Tide Reading Using Tape From TBM (m) 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Depth (m) 9.3 10.7 12.3 13.8 14.9

Based on information data and data given from Diagram 1 and Table 1 calculate: i) Tide reading for every fix referring to Land Survey Datum (LSD) ii) Reduced depth for every fix referring LSD (12 marks) b) Discuss the guidelines or factors that should be considered by a hydrographer while doing planning in hydrographic survey. (8 marks)

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AP/OCT 2008/SUG214

QUESTION 5 a) Define the following terms:i) Mean sea level (MSL) ii) Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT) (4 marks) b) What are the differences between Chart Datum (CD) and Land Survey Datum (LSD)? (8 marks) c) What are the criteria that should be borne in mind when selecting a sounding datum? (8 marks)

QUESTION 6 a) Sketch a diagram showing the overall of DGPS system in hydrographic survey application and give brief explanation. (6 marks) b) Briefly explain three (3) possible sources of errors on the signal recorded in Global Positioning System (GPS) observation. (6 marks)

c) Briefly explain how to fix a boat position on the sea by using theodolite from control stations. (8 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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