TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction.page 6 Chapter 1. Early life....page 7 Chapter 2. Literary career..page 16 2.1. Indian Camp...page 15 2.2. The sun also rises...page 23 2.3. A farewell to arms..page 32 2.4. Night before battle and other short stories.....page 35 2.5. The old man and the sea.page 37 2.6. For whom the bell tolls..page 40 2.7. The dangerous summer..page 46 Conclusions...page 48 Bibliography..page 49

Viata lui si experientele prin care a trecut (a participat de partea Italiei in Primul Razboi Mondial) i-au influentat opera. A scris despre moarte, tema suicidului, luptele cu tauri (in romanul The sun also rises), calatorii, viata pe mare (Batranul si marea). Tatal lui s-a sinucis precum si el insusi (in 1961).

ERNEST HEMINGWAY (21 JULY 1899 2 JULY 1961)

INTRODUCTION

I decided to write about ERNEST HEMINGWAY because I always liked to read his books and because I like his writing style. His life experience was transposed in his works and he had a unique vision about life. He was awarded the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature. I like Hemingways themes. Hemingway - himself a great sportsman - liked to portray soldiers, hunters, bullfighters, primitive people whose courage and honesty are set against the brutal ways of modern society, and who in this confrontation lose hope and faith. He saw in bullfighting the atrocity of war juxtaposed to beauty. Ernest Hemingway took parte at the Italian campaigns during World War 1. This experience was reflected in various works. It furnished themes such: as the coming of death, anxiety, suicide. Unfortunately, his father and he himself commited suicide. Indian Camp, published in 1924 in Ford Madox Fords Transatlantic Review was an important early story. Critics claimed that Hemingway reinvigorated the short story with the use of declarative sentences and crisp-style. The sun also rises (1926) is written in a journalistic style. It is about a group of American and British tourists who travel from Paris to the Festival of Fermin in Pamplona to watch the bullfights. It is written in a modern, understated style. He paired away sentimentalism and presented scenes without explaining their significance. The end of the book leaves many future possibilities for Brett and Jack. Its message is that the Earth lives forever. His straightforward prose, his spare dialogue, and his predilection for understatement are particularly effective in his short stories, some of which are collected in Men Without Women (1927) and The Fifth Column and the First Forty-Nine Stories (1938). Nick Adams, Hemingways autobiographical pre-World War II

character, apperared in 3 collections: In Our Time (1925), Men Without Women, and Winner Take Nothing (1933). In 1929 he wrote A Farewell to Arms, inspired by his personal experiences while in served in the Italian campaigns during World War 1. Catherines death while giving birth was inspired by the fact that his second wife Pauline Pfeiffer had a difficult difficult labor with their son. In 1940 he wrote For whom the bell tolls, dedicated to his third wife Martha Gellhorn. The novel centers around suicide and death. Suicide is depicted as an alternative to suffering. Almost all main characters contemplate their death. Many of the characters, including the main character - Robert Jordan, would prefer death over capture and are prepared to kill themselves, be killed, or kill to avoid it. Hemingways father, 2 of his brothers and he himself commited suicide. Robert Jordans opinions on suicide can be viewed as his own. In A Farewell to Arms and For whom the bell tolls, Hemingway used the modern armament combat, sportmanslike competition, hunting- to destroy the romantic conception of the ancient art of war: In 1950 he wrote the novel Across the river and into the trees. The main theme is the coming of the death. In 1951, in Cuba, he wrote The old man and the sea. It is related to Bible events. He also referred to it as The Sea Book and he used to call the Bible Sea of knowledge. The dangerous summer appeared posthumously in 1985. His way of writing influenced many authors.