PROJECT REPORT

ON ANALYSIS FOR THE ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF ODC AT AREVA T&D NAINI,ALLAHABAD.

SUBMITTED BY Mahendra Kumar Jauhari Roll No. -11002700507 M.B.A 3rd Sem. Session - 2010-2012 SUBMITTED TO Mrs. Priyanka Patni (Head Of Department Of Management)

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled Analysis for the Road Transportation Of Over Dimension Consignment(ODC) submitted by Mr.Mahendra Kumar Jauhari of the Bhagwant University,Ajmer in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Business Administration (MBA) is a bonafide research work completed under my guidance and supervision. No part of this project report has ever been submitted for any other degree or diploma. The assistance rendered during the course of the study has been duly acknowledged.

DECLARATION
Certified that I MAHENDRA KUMAR JAUHARI of Master of Business Administration (MBA) have prepared report titled Analysis for the Road Transportation Of Over Dimension Consignment(ODC) under the guidance of Mrs. Priyanka patni Designation HOD in POST GRADUATE DEPT OF MANAGEMENT Bhagwant University, in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Business Administration. There by certify that no part of this report has been submitted for any other degree.

MAHENDRA KUMAR ROLLNO-11002700507 MBA 2nd

AUHARI

Year

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At the outset. I express my gratitude and also acknowledgement to the management & staff of AREVA T&D. I special thanks to MR. VIRENDRA SINGH, Sr. Marketing Manager, AREVA T&D. Allahabad, who has given me an opportunity to complete my Summer Training Project. My profound gratitude goes to MR. RAM BHAVAN, Logistic Incharge , who really helped me and gave valuable guidance, as an external role in my project. He has been a great source of inspiration and helped me to be disciplined and learn about this industry. I am also thankful to MR. SUSHANT ADHIKARI, Materials Manager, for his important suggestions and help. Finally, I would like to thank all the members of AREVA T&D family who helped me directly or indirectly in my project. I would also like to thank my parents, guardians for their support and help in arranging the required facilities. I would also be grateful to the Almighty God. MAHENDRA KUMAR JAUHARI

PREFACE
I have completed my summer training at AREVA T&D India Ltd Naini works Allahabad from 1th July to 30 July 2011. As far as I have gained.During the training, all observational aspects. And project details are presented in this report. This project is based on report about ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF ODC, of transformers no. 370 MVA, 20/230 KV 3 phase generator transformer Two in numbers was placed by M/S RELIANCE ENERGY LMT for Yamuna Nagar thermal power project of Haryana Power Generator Corporation (HPGC). The largest transportation package with Measured 9300*3900*4100 and weight 210 tones. Was transported on a trailer comprising of 14 Hydraulic axels. If here remains any inadvertent Error in this project, I apologize for that.

INDEX

CHAPTER NO
1.

PARTICULARS INTRODUCTION 8

PAGE NO.

2.

COMPANY PROFILE 14

3.

CUSTOMER PROFILE 15

4.

PRODUCT PROFILE 16

5.

MANUFACTURING 19

6.

INSPECTION 26

7.

TESTING 28

8.

VISION, PRINCIPALS AND OUR MISSION 29 TRASPORTATION SYSTEM IN AREVA 30

9.

10.

ROAD TRANSFORMER OF OVER DIMENSIONAL 41 AND HEAVY CONSIGNMENT

6

11.

PLANNING FOR ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF ODC

54

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

TRANSPORT HEI COMPETITORS FINDING CONCLUSION LIMITATION OF THE STUD RECOMMENDATIONS BIBLIOGRAPHY

54 57 58 60 61 63

CHAPTER-1:7

INTRODUCTION

ABOUT AREVA
AREVA is one of the leading Manufacturing and Distribution Company. There is quite large scope to learn the working or the management of about any particular unit. Every manufacturing company has to make the most adequate decision for the allocation of resource to carry on production process. Purchasing is the most routed activity performed by the manufacturing business.

Wit h manufacturing facilities in 40 countries and SalesNetwork in more than 100, AREVA offerscustomers reliable Technological solutions for CO2- free power generation and ElectricityTransmission & distribution. We are the world Leaders in nuclear power and the only company to Coverall industrial activities in this field.
8

Our 58,000 employees are committed to continuous improvement On a daily basis, making sustainable of the groups development The focal point of the groups industrial strategy

AREVAs businesses help meet the 21st century greatest challenges:

1. Making energy available to all. 2. Protecting the planet. and 3. Acting responsibly towards future generation.

INTRODUCTION OF AREVA T &D INDIA LTD

AREVA T&D is a worldwide specialist in Transmission & Distribution. We design, manufacture and supply a complete range of products, systems and services for all stages in the transfer of electricity from generator to the large end user. AREVAs T&D division is an active player around the globe. Electricity is their business. It designs manufactures and supplies a complete range of equipment, systems and services for all stages in transfer of electricity, from generator to the large end-user. With manufactured facilities in 40 countries and a sales network in more than 100, AREVA offers customers reliable technological solutions for CO2 free power generation and electricity transmission and distribution. Their 58000 employees are committed to continuous improvement on a daily basis, making sustainable development the focal point of the groups industrial strategy. AREVAs businesses help meet the 21st centurys greatest challenges: making energy available to all, protecting the planet, and acting responsibly towards future generations. AREVA is one of the worlds top three T & D (Energy Expert) Companies. It is one of the leading companies in Energy Market Management Software actually number one in it. It is number 2 in the Utility market & number 3 in Electrical Distribution and mediumvoltage Switching.

AREVA has its over India. Their promotional tool Marketing; their include all

customers main is

all

Direct

main customers Electricity

Boards in India, NTPC, NHPC, Essar, PGCIL, Reliance, TATA, and many others AREVA is One of the worlds top three T & D Companies.
10

 N0 1 in Energy Market Management Software. N0 2 in the Utility market.

Electricity is AREVAs business:

AREVA have over 100 years of expertise and dedication in bringing power to people worldwide. From rural electrification to turning the wheels of industry and facilitating the trading of energy, they bring power to the projects. Their solution provider based upon a superior product offering. Its products and systems serve to transmit and distribute electricity, ensure the reliability, quality and safety of energy flows, as well as operate efficient networks through information management. The company is present at all stages of the supply power chain, from the generator to the large end-user, backed by a comprehensive services portfolio. As a solution provider, AREVA bring together and optimize different disciplines, T&D businesses and third-party suppliers, to address customers specific problems, however complex, and add value to their business. It brings solutions that draw upon market segment expertise and are price-competitive.

AREVA is one of the world's leading T&D companies. AREVA have over 25,000 employees
11

located in more than 30 countries, with a dedicated sales force serving customers in over 100 countries.

Transformation and Distribution network:

Whether customers require medium or low voltage for their network, production site or building, AREVA have the products and experience to distribute energy where customers need it. Their wide range of components, transformers and prefabricated substations all come with a proven track record in quality, reliability and competitiveness. They work closelywith their customer and are able to best anticipate its customer needs and meet their requirements. Innovative, efficient, and comprehensive product range as a distribution substation is a long-term investment; Customers expect state-of the-art products with cutting-edge technologies. AREVAs compact, integrated and high-performance products increase customers return on investment. Their outstanding reliability ensures greater security for its customers processes and staff while its remote-controlled equipment reduces outage time. Product versatility to better meet the specific needs, the versatile products offers the best of both worlds. They are standardized to offer better delivery time, and comply with all major relevant standards, such as IEC or ANSI. But Where necessary, we customize them to best suit your needs and requirements and are able to Offer special applications adapted to customers process. User-friendly, high quality and high reliability users are the center of its concerns. As the aim is to make your life easier, we develop products that are easy to install, operate and control with the lowest possible maintenance levels. The safety of people and materials is vital, as the slightest problem could affect. This explains why the company pays so much attention to the quality and reliability of products. When the energy demand increases, quickly provides cost-effective extensions for your installation. ABOUT AREVA T & D NAINI WORKS
12

The manufacturing unit at NAINI is located 12 km from ALLAHABAD, UTTAR PRADESH. The plant was established in 1957. It was overtaken By AREVA T&D from ALSTOM ON 25 September 2007. Today it can provide up to 400kv class transformers. Power Transformer Division: The product range includes power transformer of all types up to 400kv Class, series & shunt reactors. At present, NAINI works has the transformers annually. The NAINI factory pioneered the manufacture shell type Furnace transformers in India and holds the NUMERO UNO position In arc furnace duty transformers. ALSTOM, NAINI has supplied the largest numbers of Transformers in this category to customers all over the country. Distribution Transformer Division: This division produces distribution transformers of range up to 2,500KV,132KV class. It also produces generated transformers, rectifier transformer,Reactors and various other types of small scale transformers. STRATEGIC PRIORITIES The profitability levels of the market leaders by 2009. Accelerate development in regions of high growth(China, India, US and Persian Gulf countri Capacity to manufacture 6000 MVA power

CHAPTER-2:COMPANY PROFILE

13

CHAPTER-3:CUSTOMER PROFILE
14

Its customers are classified into 3 categories:

1) Utility-cover the government sector. main customers under this category are:

a. All state Electricity Board b. Indian railways c. ONGC

2) Industry- all electricity based companies. main customers under this category are:

a. TATA project ltd. b. Reliance.

3) Value Added Retailers- retailers are the customers

CHAPTER-4:PRODUCT PROFILE
PREFACE:
15

TRANSFORMER is static equipment, which converts electrical.From one voltage to another. As the system voltage goes up, theTechniques to be used for the design, construction, installation,Operation and maintenance also becomes more and more critical. GENERATOR TRANSFORMERS
The generator transformer is the first essential component for Energy transmission,

allowing energy supplied by the generator.To be transferred to the network at the required voltage.
As a worldwide leader in their design and manufacture, AREVA T&D supplies generator

transformers covering all clients need, Starting from the lowest rated power installed up to highest ratings known in the world, with voltages up to 800kv.
AREVA T&D generator transformers can equip any types of power Plant anywhere in

the world, including thermal, classic or nuclear Co-generation or wind.

AREVA T&DS knowledge and experience base has significantly Expanded over the

years, keeping pace with the development of unit power. During the nuclear power plant implementation.Program in EUROPE, AREVA T&D supplied numerous 1100 MVA Three-phase banks made of three single-phase 550 MVA poles.
The choice between three-phase units or three-phase banks made of single-phase poles

is often dedicated by other. Transport limitations within specific countries, but may also be Determined by customer policy.
Generator transformers are usually equipped with de-energised Tap changers, but they

can also be equipped with on- load tap Changers at customer request.
By responding to urgent customer requirements and immediate needs- and by

successfully testing generator transformers in shortCircuit withstand tests- AREVA T&D engineers have acquired an In this area and in associated design rules.

THIS IS A TRANSISTOR WHICH BASICALLY ATTACHED TO PROVIDE SAFETY IN CASE OF SWITCHING AND AMPLIFYING THE PRODUCT

16

Circuit Board and Transistors

A close-up photograph of a smoke detectors circuit board reveals its inner components, which include transistors, resistors, capacitors, diodes, and inductors. The rounded containers house the transistors that make the circuit work. Transistors are capable of serving many functions, such as amplifying and switching. Each transistor consists of a small piece of semiconducting material, such as silicon, that has been doped, or treated with impurity atoms, to create n-type and p-type regions. Invented in 1948, transistors are a fundamental component in nearly all modern electronic devices.

17

Electrical Transformer The illustration shows the transformer as consisting of primary and secondary coils in close proximity within a soft-iron core. The primary coil is connected to the power source. Two or more alternating-current (AC) circuits are coupled together by using the induction between the primary and secondary coils. Electrical energy is transferred from one AC circuit to another with a change of volts

18

CHAPTER-5:MANUFACTURING

19

MANUFACTURING
Manufacturing plays vital role in supply chain system. It completes with the help of many steps and these steps are interrelated to each other. In manufacturing one step act as supplier for other step and step act as customer for previous step so, manufacturing proceed in a specific manner. Manufacturing of specific job will be completed in two to three month. Different manpower involves in different steps of manufacturing. Various steps of manufacturing are describe as follows-

1.Core cutting and core assemblyThe basic raw material is core. It is made up of Cold Rolled Grain Oriented steel (CRGO), also known as lamination. CRGO purchased from A.K.SteelCorporation Butler U.S.A. . Laminations are cut according to design given by customer. These sheets are of 0.23 to 0.35mm in thickness. These laminations are assembled in such a manner that there are no gaps between joints of two consecutive sheets. The entire assemblyis done on a frame with the help of a tie rod and core bolts. The entire core assembly is lifted and is used; mainly Meter cut line is used for giving specific shape.
20

2.Coil windingThe winding are design to ensure high short circuit withstand capability, uniform surge voltage distribution and effective heat dissipation are critical to transformer reliability. Winding are made on layer setting winding machine vertical as well as horizontal machines are available. A solid cylinder former of predetermine diameter and length is used as base for winding disc and layer winding are manufacturing according to design requirement. Complete set of low voltage, high voltage and tap winding are assembled at this stage. Moisture content in insulating material of winding assembly is removed by oven (winding autoclave) and before assembly winding are individually pressed in a hydraulic press to required size.

21

3.Core and coil assemblyThe component produced in coil winding and core assembly stage is then taken into core coil assembly stage. The core assembly is vertically placed with the foot plate touching a special assembly platform. The top yoke of the core is renamed and the winding are assembled with core. Special core is given to electrical connections of leads and tap changes. All the necessary joints are made secured by applying special patented crimping technology carried out by trained personnel.

22

4.Vacuum dryingThe active part can absorb moisture during assembly process; therefore, a final drying process is carried out in a completely automated vapors phase drying plant. This ensure through and uniform drying resulting in a clean and dry core coil assembly which ensure long transformer life.

23

5.TankingThe core coil assembly after drying and the tank supplied by the fabrication department are taken into tank up stage. C ore coil assembly is placed into tank after complete trimming and tightening procedure and properly locked up. Fitting like drain values, high voltage and low voltage bushing, conservator, oil level indicator and explosion vent are fitted on the tank.

24

CHAPTER-6:INSPECTION
Basically three types of inspection carried out by customer are as follows Pre-inspectionPre-inspection done, when raw material purchased from supplier or vendors. In-process inspectionThis type of inspection is carried out during manufacturing or product development. Final-inspectionThis type of inspection is done when product is finally developed and ready for dispatch.

25

CHAPTER-7:TESTING
Testing laboratory Designed following the most modern concepts of high voltage technology available, in the testing laboratories all transformer and reactors are subjected to the routine tests and measurement specified and accordance with IEC (International Electro-chemical Commission) Keema, Netherlands and IS (Indian Standard) New Delhi specification. These routine tests may be complemented by type and special tests, which are carried out at the customers request or as part of an internal sampling procedure to monitor quality on an ongoing basic. Testing on reactorRoutine test for 400kv class Resistance Measurement (winding)

Magnetizing Current

Insulation Resistance Value

Flash Test

Partial Discharge Test

26

 Reactant Measurement

Noise Level

Vibration

Impulse Test

Switching Impulse Test

Loss Measurement Test (with ten delta method)

27

CHAPTER-8:OUR VISION, PRINCIPALS AND OUR MISSION

28

Our Vission To provide a work environment that will attract and retain highly talented people and help them attain their full potential. To be acknowledged as a leader in providing world class Logistics solution.

To attain new heights in all the endeavors they venture into, thereby making the world a better place to live in. To find the most optimal logistics & transport solution for our customers, which leads to obvious cost reductions for them and thereby provide consistent and quality service. Our Principals Quality, safety and integrity are the eyes through which are visualize growth of our valued clients and customers. Our Mission-

Toestablish a global network, deploy the latest technology and operate with high standard of safety.

29

CHAPTER-9:TRASPORTATION SYSTEM IN AREVA

30

CHAPTER-10:ROAD TRANSFORMER OF OVER DIMENSIONAL AND HEAVY CONSIGNMENT

INTRODUCTION Transport plays significant, role in all social and economical activities. And is the fore runner for any economical development. There are four Modes of transporting men and materials from one place to another.That is by road, by sea/river, by rail and by air. These are often used In combination but one of them is always common and that is road. With the rapid industrialization taking place in the states as well as Neighboring states, the transportation by road of heavy and over Dimensional consignments has increased tremendously. Government Departments and corporations as well as private sector organization Seek the permission of the government in B&C departments for Allowing them by road to transport ODCS weighing at times as heavy. As 100 to 560 tones.

31

WHAT IS AN ODC? All physical things in the solid state have definite shape and weight.They have mainly three dimensions length, width and height.The Infrastructure, which is created or existing for transportation of such Things, is limited to cater for certain dimensions and weights and Covers most of the equipments. However when any component does Not fit within this infrastructure and only it can be transport.Equipment or Dimensional Consignment. As the size and shape of consignment is compared with either Equipments used for transportation or mode of transportation. Over Dimensional consignment is a relative term and has to be always Judged in a particular universe. There is no general definition of Over Dimensional Consignment. by temporary removal of infringements and impose.Restriction in movement speed or time. The consignment is called. As Over

ROAD TRANSPORT SYSTEM: From all the modes of transport this is the oldest mode of transport. Entire kingdom of living creatures use this mode of transport right. From most humble ODC handler. THE ANT to human beings who With mechanical power haul the heaviest loads up to 1,000 tones. Single piece by road. India is a big mass of land though it covered by sea on three sides and Only land locked in north. Vast expanse of land. North south.Maximum distance 3,200km. East west maximum distance 2,750km. And absence of good coastal ports have made road inevitable.

32

At present the roads are normally divided in 3 main groups: 1) 2) 3) NATIONAL HIGHWAYS STATE HIGHWAYS MAJOR DISTRICT ROADS

The development and maintenance of roads is sole responsibility of Government agencies such as central public work department and District level authorities. Respective municipal corporations is looking. After the road development and maintenance in big cities. The Permissible axle loads for road transport are lower than that of rail. The only advantage is about horizontal and vertical clearances which Are better than railway transport. The road transport needs a through geometric clearance and cross drainage works analysis of the route before an Over Dimensional Consignment is transported. For this purpose essential parameters are: 1) COMPLETE DETAILS OF ASSIGNMENT 2) DETAILS OF TRACTOR-TRAILER PROPOSED FOR TRANSPORT 3) LOADING/UNLOADING DESTINATIONS.THE BEST AVAILABLE ROUTE IS SELECTED BASED ON ABOVE PARAMETERS. The road transport is facing problem from the overhead rail lines Crossing where height is fixed 5.5 meters from ground level, electrified Level crossings where shutdowns are required and large spa bridges Which reduce the advantage gained by multi-axle trailers. The road transport though essential is not as organized as rail Transport. On paper all type of controls exists but in real sense it is Free for all. Due to this lax attitude there is cut-throat competition Over loading of equipment, short cuts, movement without proper Permission, without power shutdowns. This all increases accident risk
33

And damage to consignment. The road transport is run on tucking company pattern where the Driver has the last word and is void of all good engineering practice to ensure safety of road as wall as consignment. The road transport for ODC has one more restraint. The movement during monsoon is not possible if any weak bridges is also problematic. As the land along river bank is agricultural land and to acquire for approach road at times becomes difficult or high price is to be paid. To Avoid this the provision for bed level causeways to be made during high level bridge construction. These causeways not only aid the ODC transportation during fair weather but also safeguard the over stressing of bridges. The permission process for moving ODC on road is very cumbersome and time-consuming. The permission granted is restricted to 10 min only. It is further subjected to condition of C.D. works prevailing at the time of actual transportation. The electrification program in country has brought in another infringement to road movement the over head high tension lines Crossing the road restrict the height of consignment, requires Shutdowns at times this slows down the movement on road and Electrical shut downs costs additional expenditure to transport.The road transport of ODC gets restricted during daylight. The movement is intermitted to allow for the general traffic to move.The present hydraulic axle multi module trailers which are mostly used in ODC transport are designed for 30 tones gross carrying capacity per line of tandem axles where as the road design in particular for C.D. works still considers 70 tones tracked vehicle or 100 tones wheeled vehicle with the result though high carrying capacity trailers can be imported but they can not be utilized to their optimum capacity.

34

AXLE LOAD DISTRIBUTION: Generally transporters furnish drawings considering total load equally distributed on each axle. This is a vital consideration and needs substantiated with more convincing data. Any unequal distribution on axles in actual would violate all design computations and may result in

overstressing and also causing serious damages to the structures besides damaging the consignment. Since the fixed axles vehicle do not equally distribute the load on each axle, hydraulic trailer which distribute equal load on each axle should be preferred for transportation of heavy consignment. It is some time observed that in order to reduce the axle load transporters provide dummy axle, which actually do not carry any load. Such practice is required to be depreciated. In order to avoid axles acting as single axles, center distance between axles shall be more than 1.016M and less than 2.438M as to act as bogie axles/tandem axles. It is however preferable to make an axle spacing of 1.5mt. For speedy processing of the transportation cases following details have to be furnished along with the proposal for the transportation.

35

ODC TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING

1. PREAMBLE ODC transportation for a project in itself involving heavy costs. It too have three stages: a) FEASIBILITY STUDY. b) CONTRACT IMPLEMENTATION. c) NETWORK PLANNING & MONITORING. In various papers, importance of transportation of ODC and heavy equipment, design considerations, selection of transport, choice of equipment, modification of equipment, method of loading, and axle load distribution, observance of regulations, safety precautions, modification required on road, speed limitation, stability etc. , have been discussed and case histories of super OD / Heavy equipment elaborated. In case super OD /Heavy equipment the prime concern is to establish possibility of safe transportation to site. Thereafter choice of mode of transportation and economics thereof is considered.
1.

APPROACH CATEGORISATION & ROUTE SURVEY:

APPROACH: To ensure safe and timely transportation of ODC and heavy equipment to meet the project schedule. It is necessary to initiate feasibility study to establish mode of transport and selection of route, at the initial stage of the project, immediately.After receipt of preliminary data on equipment sizing. The road transport depending upon location of project, elaborate process of establishing route, assessment of capabilities of Prospective transporters and tendering is necessary before finally fixing a transport agency. If ODC is entrusted to any transporter without proper assessment and
36

route fixation, the chances of getting into problems and delays are obvious. Thus, first stage in ODC transport is:
a)

Categorization of ODCS based on experiences & keeping in view various regulations and axle load conditions of 17.5 tones as specified by IRC.

b) General route survey.

c)

Preselection and registration of transport agencies on the basis of their experience and resources.

CATEGORISATION & PACKAGES: As there is no guideline or regulation for ODC categorization for road as in case of railways, experience become the basis. As a general practical guide line keeping a balance between cost and safety Following two categories are advised:

ODCS weighting up to 79 tones and having dimensions up to 15*3*3 m with a tolerance of + 10%. If any parameter increase. It poses a problem.

ODCS weighting more than 70 tones and having dimensions above 15*3*3 m but up to 100 tones above 100 tones. Based on this list i.s. equipment should be classified with Weight and dimensions to ensure economy & safety.

37

ROUTE SURVEY: Another step is the road survey which include nothing of following on Km to Km bases: a) CULVERTS, BRIDGES AND THEIR DETAILS. b) H.T. AND L.T. LINES CROSSING ROAD AT LOW LEVEL BELOW 4M OR AS MAY BE NECESSARY. c) TELEPHONE LINES. d) RAILWAY UNDER BRIDGES- THEIR HEIGHT, WIDTH FROM GROUND LEVEL. e) THICK FOREST ON ROAD WHICH CAN OBSTRUCT MOVEMENT. f) HUTS, SHOP, HOUSES LOCATED ON CURVES. g) TURNING RADIUS ON CURVES & LOCATION OF TREES. h) VILLAGES & THICKLY INHABITED AREA. i) RIVER & NALLAHS AND THEIR NATURE. j) GRADIENT & DIPS ON ROAD. k) TUNNELS & OTHER DETAIL RELEVANT TO MOVEMENT. The following information on bridges shall be noted in a proper performa: i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. STATE OR NATIONAL HIGHWAY NUMBER. DISTANCE IN KM FROM LOADING POINT. BRIDGE NUMBER AND NATURE OF RIVER. YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION. TYPE OF BRIDGE- CONSTRUCTION DETAILS. HEIGHT OF BRIDGE. WIDTH OF BRIDGE. NUMBER OF SPANS. LENGTH OF SPAN IN M. MAXIMUM GROSS PAYLOAD CAPACITY/ SPACE SPAN. CONDITION OF BRIDGE.
38

xii. xiii.

WHETHER STRENGTHENING POSSIBLE, IF NOT REASON. WHETHER BYPASS POSSIBLE, IF NOT REASON.

The route survey report should include photos of bridges and critical locations, explanatory notes and concludes the possibility of transportation and recommendations: For final selection of route reliability, safety and economies of operation should be guiding factors. PRESELECTION OF TRANSPORT: Selection of the transporter should be done on the basis of their credentials, past- performance, equipment resources and professionalisation in transport management. If ODC transport is entrusted to any transporter without proper assessment of his resources, the chances of getting in to problems and delays will increase which can create problems and may affect project schedule. RECEIVING EQUIPMENT AND MOVEMENT: After loading the project equipment on the case mat be, its Positioning and load distributions should be properly checked and thereafter equipment firmly secured and lashed the ODC moves as a convoy with escort/ pilot car associated equipment, spare power pack, spare tyres, additional diesel, steel plates, sand bags, hard wooden sleepers, hydraulic jacks, parking light to meet any eventuality on the way. EXTRA PRECAUTIONS: Police escorts are also requisitioned for accompanying convoy. To avoid disturbance and law and order problems.

39

Owner and customer should also depute their representative ensure safe movement within permissible speed Limits on approved route and cautiously crossing of bridges or Movement over bypasses and curves. The movement of the convoy upto site has to be closely monitered.ODC transport can be a big success if contractor and owner/ Customer work with basic objective of safe transportation, reliability, efficiency and safety. Otherwise any short-cut may prove futile, costly and dangerous. It has few cases. Social costs Or on ODCS are heavy.
THE WHOLE PROCESS OF ODC CONSIGNMENT INCLUDING DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, TESTING & DELIVERING

ORDER RECEIPT TO EXECUTION (THROUGH BRANCH/ REGION/ CUSTOMER)

UNIT COMMERCIAL (GET LOI/ PO (CUST.) BEFORE ORDER)

ADV INFORMATION PURCHASE (PROCUREMENT ACTION FOR STD. * CONT/ RM)

SPECIFICATION (ORIS- GENERATED BY COMMERCIAL DEPT.)

CONTRACT ENGINEERING (DRAWING PREPRATION & BOM)

CUSTOMER (FOR APPROVAL)

40

APPROVAL W/O CHANGE

ASKING FOR CHANGE (REVISED BY DRAWG./ BOM)

CUSTOMER (APPROVED)

COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT

CONTRACT ENGINEERING (FINAL DRAWING BOM RECEIVED)

DESPATCH (THROUGH
TRAILERS/ TRACTORS AGREED BY TRANSPORTERS)

MATERIAL DEPT. & OTHER DEPT. (PO PLACED FOR CSI)

INVOICING (FINANCE DEPT. APPROVES) LOGISTIC MANGT. PACKAGING (SUPPLIES)

TAGGING

MATERIAL RECEIPT (THEY GET INSPECTED & TESTED)

FINAL TESTING

ASSEMBLING SHOP. (MANUFACTURING)

.
41

CHAPTER-11:PLANNING FOR ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF OVER DIMENSIONAL AND HEAVY CONSIGNMENT

INTRODUCTION:

Transport plays a significant role in all social and economical activities and it is the forerunner for any economic development. There are four modes of transporting men and materials from one Place to another that is by road, by sea/ river, by rail and by air. These are often used in combination but one of them is always common and that is road. With the rapid industrialization- taking place in the state as well as neighboring states, the transportation of heavy and over dimensional consignment has increased tremendously. Government departments and corporations as well as private sector organization seek the
42

permission of the government in B&C department for allowing them by road to transport ODC IS weighting at times as heavy as 100 to 560 tones.

ROAD TRANSPORTATION: As regards to transportation by road, it is considered most important mode, which requires consideration of following points:
1. Selection of suitable combination of tractor, trailer assembly for transportation of

ODCS in particular, roads in the existing net in the country are classified as National Highways, Major district Roads, other Districts, villages roads etc. depending on the importance of a particular road. They are being brought upto-desired standard in a phased manner, keeping in view of its importance. The major, minor bridges on the road are designed as per the present IRC standard which is single lane of class 7 or single lane of class AA or two lanes of class A. The loading standard also specified a train of loading with axle spacing, axle load, minimum distance between two trains, side clearance, tyre contact area etc. the selection of tractor-trailer should therefore be such that the effect of load transfer on the bridge structure especially on deck would be less severe than that of the standard design loading for most of the span range.

43

AXLE LOAD DISTRIBUTION:

Generally transporters furnish drawings considering total load equally distributed on each axle. This is a vital consideration and needs substantiated with more convincing data. Any unequal distribution on axle in actual would violate all design computation and may result in overstressing and also causing serious damages to the structures besides damaging the consignment. Since the fixed axles vehicles do not equally distribute the load on each axle hydraulic trailer, which distribute equal load on each axle should be preffered for transportation of heavier consignment.

FOR

SPEEDLY

PROCESSING

OF

THE

TRANSPORTATION

CASES

FOLLOWING DETAILS OF TRAILER HAVE TO BE FURNISHED ALONGWITH THE PROPOSAL FOR TRANSPORTATION BY THE CLIENT:
1)

Five sets of detailed duly authenticated for the tractors/ trailers to be used for each consignment together with their registration numbers and Xerox copies of the registration. Make of trailer etc. to be supplied.

2) Tare weight of the trailer/ tractor.

44

3)

Axle spacing and axle load in loaded condition for each consignment with loading diagram is required to be given for facility of security.

4) Number of wheel, tyre sizes and spacing transverse for each consignment with loading diagram is required to be given . 5) Ground clearance of the vehicle in loaded condition. 6) Proposed speed of the vhicle. 7) In case trailer has used for transportation in past, a copy of the letter of permission from concerned authorities, route of transportation and the actual weight of the consignment transported over it should be given. 8) Name of the party to whom the consignment belongs and letter of authority from the party to the transporters for transporting the aforesaid consignment. 9) Probable data of transportation of the consignment.
10) Any other important details that may be

useful in examining the feasibility of

transportation of the ODC being for transportation.

SELECTION OF ROUTE: Once shipping dimensional details and weight of the equipment are known and the tractor/ trailer combination is identified, the various alternative routes to be followed are required to be identified.

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1. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION:

All the alternative routes should be inspected to check the dimensional clearances along the proposed alternative routes and also to get geometric details such as gradients, curves, general conditions etc. to arrive at most suitable route. Following are some of the limitations of the roads that are required to be kept in view.

2. HORIZONTAL CLEARANCES:

Road width on straight. Road width on curves. d width oc C.D. work deck. Road width at railway level crossing.
3. VERTICAL CLEARANCE:

At subways. At railway level crossing. Below electrical transmission lines & P&T lines. Below the deck of the tractor/ trailer humps and dips.

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4. ROAD WIDTH:

1) In many places road width is in adequate. Particularly when the road alignment passes

through the villages where permanent structure are located on both the sides of the road. 2) On curves extra width is required to provide sufficient clearance for the sideways of the tractor/ trailer deck while negotiating curves.
3)

In some cases the width of the C.D. works is less than the overall width of the equipment to be transported. In ccase of bridge superstructure having N. type steel girder at times adequate width is not available. In such cases alternatives route is to be found out or bed lavel diversion is required to be provided. In some girder bridges width an well vertical is also required to be checked.

4)

At most of the railway level crossing, width of the road is generally restricted in such cases required clearance is obtained by removing one side of the gate structure. Also
47

when the level crossing is in electrified section, the conductors are deenergised and are lifted temporarily while consignment passes through gate. Advance action for permission from the concerned authorities is
5. UNDER CLEARANCE:

required.

Sub ways are built where the railway passes above the road alignment. Where sufficient clearance is not available, the girders carrying the rail tracks have to be raised or road surface to be lowered to obtain the required vertical clearance.

Electrical and P&T line also restrict the clearance. In case P&T line, those are disconnected temporirly and in case of electrical lines, de-energised and temporirly lifted/ removed.

6. HORIZONTAL CURVES AND SUPER ELEVATIONS:

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Minimum turning radius a tractor-trailer can negotiate depends on the horsepower of the tractor-trailer combination and payload to be transported. As the heavy equipment is transported at a crawling speed there is a possibility of equipment sliding from the trailer deck, due to excessive super elevation. This shall have to be reduced by temporary filling a portion of road. Adequate lashing is provide when the equipment is loaded on the trailer tractor deck to avoid sliding of the equipment.
7. DETAILED INVESTIGATION:

Once a particular route is found for transportation suitable from dimensional clearances (may be with some modifications) detailed investigation is required to be carried out. Dimensional details of the drainage work (bridges etc) enroute alongwith the details the details such as type of deck, year of construction, design load, details of substructure, condition of the structure etc. are collected. Information about condition of the structure is very important information as such same shall be collected very precisely. It is felt that this part of the work should be entrusted to conultants who have adequate knowledge about the bridge structures, design loading specified by Indian Roads Congress etc.(IRC)
8. The adequacy of bridge structures enroute shall be checked with movement and

therefore due ti the ODC. The unsafe/ week structure shall have be bypassesd or adequately supported to the design requirements. The designs and drawings for the same shall be prepared and submitted for approval from the concerned departments. In case of such old and week structures the use of bailey bridge equipment if available with the transporters can be very conveinient.

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TRANSPORTATION BY ROAD

STUDY OF EQUIPMENT ROUTE SURVEY ESTABILISHMENT FEASIBILITY INVITES OFFER (Two STAGES) DISCUSSION & SELECTION OF ROUTE CALLING FINAL PRICE BID

RAILWAY GATE NATURE OF RIVER/ BRIDGE RAIL BRIDGE WIRES TREES

FINALISING CONTRACT DETAILED FINAL ROUTE SURVEY PREPARED TOTAL PLAN FOR TRANSPORTATION

APPROACHING ELECTRICITYBOARD FOR SHUTDOWN

PERMISSION FROM PWD AUTHORITY

PERMISSION FROM FOREST DEPT.

SELECTION OF TRAILER & TYPE ADVANCE NOTICE FOR PLACEMENT OF TRAILER

PERMISSION FROM RALILWAY AUTHORITY FOR LEVEL

PERMISSION FROM DIDT. ADM FOR HUT/ HOUSE

PREPRATION LOADS WITH SKETCH/ CALCULATION

OF

ODC IN MOVEMENT

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LIST OF MAJOR EQUIPMENTS

Description Prime Movers:

Power/ Capacity

Quantity (Nos.)

Vehicles

VOLVO / MAN

520 / 420 / 380 BHP

10

IVECO

255HP

LEYLAND HIPPO

180HP

12

Beaver Trailers:

180HP

Hydraulic Tandem Axles

Up to 400 MT

64

Long Load Bolsters

As required

Mechanical Trailers

20 250 MT

12

Special Length Girder Bridge

200 MT
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20

Trailer

Trucks

9 MT

Barges:

Deck Loader Ro-Ro Barge

Upto 2000 MT

Tug 1000 BHP

---------------

Mobile Crane (Tyre Mounted)

15 60 MT

Crawler Crane

400 MT

Power Winches

Upto 20 MT

10

Mechanical Winches

Upto 10 MT

30

Pulley Block

10 MT

10

Hydraulic Jacks

200 MT

25

Mechanical Jacks

50 MT
52

38

Fork Lift Pull Lift Sleepers

Upto 40 MT Upto 6 MT ---------------

2 2 5000

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CHAPTER-12:TRANSPORT HEIGHT FOR TRANSFORMER

MECHANICAL TRAILER:

Our factory is situated in NAINI, which is connected by Yamuna Bridge, and it cannot take heavy consignment. The other route by which the ODC consignment (our transformer) is through only by crossing the electrified railway gate at NAINI or KARCHANA. The limitation of height, which can be cleared without taking shutdown from the railway authority for high voltage traction line, is 4572 mm. The trailer height is limited to 863 mm. hence, the total transformer height which can be clear without taking shutdown of electrified traction line should be 3700 mm. our efforts should be to restrict the transformer height up-to 3700 mm only due to the following reasons.
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a)

We have to pay Rs.42,000/- for taking of each electrifird traction line from railways.

b) The route by which the transformer can travel changes, and increased by even 100%

which is explained below.

TRANSFORMER TOWARDS EASTERN REGION (SAY

CALCUTTA): Consignment upto 3700 mm Distance 916 km Via MIRZAPUR- MOGHALSARAI- BARHI- ASANSOL- CALCUTTA. Consignment above 3700 mm- Distance 1645 km Via KARBI- BANDA - KANPUR- LUCKNOW - GORAKHPUR BARUNI- MALDA- CALCUTTA.
TRANSFORMER TOWARDS SOUTHERN REGION (SAY

HYDERABAD): Consignment upto 3700 mm- Distance 1090 km Via REWA- MANGAWAN- KATNI- JABALPUR- NAGPURHYDERABAD. Consignment above 3700 mm-Distance 1090 km Via KARBI- BANDA- SAGAR- JABALPUR- NAGPUR- HYDERABAD.

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 TRANSFORMER TOWARDS NORTHERN & WESTERN REGIONS:

A.

Consignment upto 3700 mm and above 3700 mm, the distance will vary

approx. 300

km (in case of consignment above 3700 mm, distance will be more by 300 km)
B.

Transportation time increased due to waiting on account of clearance from railway authority block. It is also essential that during estimation such transport height is estimate computing the tranort freight to be offered in tende.we would request you to please look into this tendering as well as.Engeering stage so that we can minimize our transport costs.

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CHAPTER-13:OUR COMPETITORS
ABB BHEL APEX CROMPTON GREAVES LIMITED SIEMENS MYSORE ELECTRICITY INDUSTRIES LTD. SNS EMCO & NGEF

DESPATCH (THROUGH TRAILERS/TRACTORS AS PER GIVEN BY TRANSPORTER IN 57 ADVANCE ON TIME)

CHAPTER-14:-

FINDING
JO B N O T66 5 71 B30 1 12 C SO UT M E R /C N IG O S NE E N M A E H R A AY N AP W R O E G NE A E R T N IO C RO OP R A IO T N LD T. MA V V L OT A E G R T AI O 3 70 20 /230 (G ) T 31 03 . . 20 7 0 D T AE O F DS EP D T AE O F MV O E MN E T 03 .20 .04 07 D T AE O F DL E IV EY R 08 .2 .03 00 7 R UE O T/ S EC KT H & D ST A I E IN T O N N IN A I AL HB L A A A D AL HB L A A A D P P A A HM A U P P A A HM A U R IB A A A R E L L Y R IB A A A R E L L Y F T P R A E U 7 7 F T P R A E U K NU A P R 7 7 K NU A P R L C N UK O W W IG T E H & D E S IM N I O N 4 7 8 K M

4 0

A . /C RL C E IN E E EG NR Y LD T.

1 3 6

YMN A U A N G R AA (H R Y A A A A N )

5 1

L C N UK O

58

CHAPTER-15:CONCLUSION
Thus from the above detailed documents and data collected of the product, GENARETOR TRANSFORMER and the analysis of ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF ODC From the commercial department of Marketing, we can easily conclude the analysis with the result of giving an idea about THE ROAD TRANSPORTATION OF ODC ON TIME which prevalent in the market. The analysis made Will also help in giving the reference for future tenders to The customers of TRANSFORMERS. AREVA T&D can look forward to have better business opportunity this year, as the industrial climate is favorable for growth. There are definite indications of Robust industrial and agricultural growth. The growth in the power sector and the industrial growth in general having accelerated give reasonable certainty for demand of medium voltage switchgear equipment.

59

CHAPTER-16:LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Limit is a fence, which comes everywhere same as in my project. There were also, some limitations as:1)

It was very difficult to collect data from the files because there were hundreds of files.

2)

There were some confidential information regarding the companys strategies, which were not shown.

3) Time was also a limitations. 4) Pictures collections were strictly prohibited.

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61

CHAPTER-17:RECOMMENDATIONS
I would like to recommend following suggestions for the company, which I feel necessary for the company according to my study. Product, which is ordered, should be delivered on time. The motive should always be customer-oriented.

The company should emphasize on the manufacturing department for proper care of their tools & equipments.

The company should also think about the wide advertisement programmed. The company should arrange meeting & make important ideas to reduce The production cost. They should always have with them extra trailers for transportation in Emergency case.

They should always use new techniques of tools & accessories for loading of transformers from one place to another place.

The management should always think for betterment of the company With proper coordination with their employees.

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CHAPTER-18:BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS: KOTLER PHILIP MARKETING MANAGEMENT OFFICE FILES INTERNET:
WWW.areva.com

WWW.google.com

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