Form 4: Chapter 19 (Probability Distributions)

SPM Practice
Fully-Worked Solutions
Paper 1
1

0.2580

(b) P(X > 620)

620 650
= Z>
25
= P(Z > 1.2)
= 1 0.1151
= 0.8849

0.2420

P(Z > k) = 0.5 0.2580 = 0.2420


0.1151

2 X Number of students who passed

X ~ B(7, 0.6)

1.2

P(X = 5)
= 7C5(0.6)5 (0.4)2
= 0.2613

Hence, the percentage of bottles of soy sauce

that have volumes of more than 620 m
= (0.8849 100)%
= 88.49%

3 (a) X ~ N(4.8, 1.22)

X
Z=

4.2 4.8
Z=
1.2
Z = 0.5
(b) P(4.8 < X < 5.2)
4.8 4.8
5.2 4.8
=P
<Z<
1.2
1.2
= P(0 < Z < 0.333)
= 0.5 0.3696
= 0.1304

5 P(Z > m) = 0.5 0.1985

P(Z > m) = 0.3015
0.3015
0.1985

0.52

m = 0.52
6 X Number of shots that strike the bulls-eye
1
X ~ B 10,
5

0.3696

0.333

(a) P(X = 2) = 10C2

4 X Volume, in m
X ~ N(650, 252)
(a)

15  45 
2

= 0.3020
1
(b)
P(X = n) =
625
1
1 n 4 0
n
Cn
=
625
5 5
1
1 n
(1)
(1) =
625
5
1 n 1 4
=
5
5
n=4

2
5
X 650 2
=
25
5
X 650 = 10
X = 660
Z=

  

 

Hence, the volume which is equivalent to

2
the standard score of is 660 m.
5
72

7 (a) Z =
=

8 X Body mass of a student, in kg

X ~ N(55, 52)

70 65
8

(a) P(X > 65)

65 55
=P Z>
5
= P(Z > 2)
= 0.0228

= 0.625
(b)

0.8643

0.1357

(b) P(45 < X < 62.5)

45 55
62.5 55
<Z<
=P
5
5
= P(2 < Z < 1.5)

1.1

P(Z < k) = 0.8643

By reading the standard normal distribution
table, k = 1.1.


0.0668

0.0228

= 1 0.0228 0.0668
= 0.9104

73

1.5

Paper 2
(ii) P(X 3)
= 1 P(X = 0) P(X = 1) P(X = 2)
= 1 8C0(0.8)0 (0.2)8 8C1(0.8)1(0.2)7
8C2(0.8)2(0.2)6
= 0.9988

1 (a) X Number of children

X ~ B(8, 0.4)
(i) P(X 2)
= 1 P(X = 0) P(X = 1)
= 1 8C0(0.4)0 (0.6)8 8C1(0.4)1 (0.6)7
= 1 0.01680 0.08958
= 0.8936
(ii)

(b) X Body-mass of a student

X ~ N(52, 122)
(i) P(X < 40)
40 52
=P Z<
12
= P(Z < 1)
= 0.1587

Variance = 192
npq = 192
n(0.4)(0.6) = 192
n = 800

Hence, the population of the housing

estate is 800.

0.1587

(b) X Mass of a worker

X ~ N(65, 62)
P(58 < X < 70)
58 65
70 65
=P
<Z<
6
6
= P( 1.167 < Z < 0.833)

(ii)

P(X > m) = 8%
m 52
P Z>
= 0.08
12

0.08
0.1216

0.2025
1.406

1.167

0.833

m 52
= 1.406
12
m = 68.872

= 1 Q(1.167) Q(0.833)
= 1 0.1216 0.2025
= 0.6759

3 (a) X Number of students who scored a

distinction in Mathematics
X~ B(n, p)
X ~ B(8, 0.7)

Number of workers whose masses are

between 58 kg and 70 kg = 142
P( 1.167 < Z < 0.833) N = 142
0.6759 N = 142
142
N=
0.6759
N = 210

(i) P(X = 3) = 8C3(0.7)3 (0.3)5

= 0.04668
(ii) P(X < 3)
= P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2)

Hence, the total number of workers = 210.

2 (a) X Number of goals
X B(8, p)

= 8C0(0.7)0 (0.3)8 + 8C1(0.7)1(0.3)7

+ 8C2(0.7)2 (0.3)6

(i) Mean = 6.4

np = 6.4
8p = 6.4
p = 0.8

= 0.0113

74

(c)

(b) X Volume of milk, in m

X ~ N(, 2)
X ~ N(1000, 202)
(i) P(X < 1050)
1050 1000
=P Z<
20
= P(Z < 2.5)
= 1 0.00621
= 0.9938

m 1.3
= 1.5
0.2
m = 1.0

0.00621

5 (a) X Number of teachers having high blood

pressure
1
X ~ B 9,
5
1 3 4 6
(i) P(X = 3) = 9C3
= 0.1762
5 5
(ii) P(X > 2)
= 1 P(X = 0) P(X = 1) P(X = 2)
1 0 4 9 9 1 1 4 8
= 1 9C0
C1
5 5
5 5

 

  

0.3

0.524

  
1 4
C  
5 5

v 1000
= 0.524
20
v = 989.52 m
= 0.9895

  

= 0.2618

4 X Mass of a pineapple, in kg
X ~ N(1.3, 0.22)
(a) P(grade A)
= P(X > 1.4)
1.4 1.3
=P Z>
0.2
= P(Z > 0.5)
= 0.3085

0.9332

1.5

P(X > v) = 0.7

v 1000
= 0.7
P Z>
20

0.0668

2.5

(ii)

P(X > m) = 93.32%

m 1.3
P Z>
= 0.9332
0.2

(b) X Blood sugar level, in mg/dl

X ~ N(115, 152)
(i) P(100 < X < 136)
136 115
100 115
=P
<Z<
15
15
= P(1 < Z < 1.4)
= 1 0.1587 0.0808
= 0.7605

0.3085
0.1587

0.0808

1.4

0.5

(b) P(grade B)
= P(1.2 < X < 1.4)
1.2 1.3
1.4 1.3
=P
<Z<
0.2
0.2
= P( 0.5 < Z < 0.5)
= 1 0.3085 0.3085
= 0.383

(ii) P(X > 140)

140 115
=P Z>
15
= P(Z > 1.667)
= 0.0478

0.5

Let the total number of employees = N

0.0478N = 9
9
N=
0.0478
N = 188 (correct to the nearest
integer)

0.3085

0.3085

0.5

Hence, the number of grade B pineapples

= 0.383 1000 = 383
75

6 (a) X Mass of an orange, in g

X ~ N(350, 402)
= P(X > 268)
268 350
=P Z>
40
= P(Z > 2.05)
= 1 0.0202
= 0.9798

(ii)

P(X > m) =

P Z>

348
400

m 350
= 0.87
40

0.13

1.127
0.0202

m 350
= 1.127
40
m = 304.92

2.05

(b)

(i) Number of oranges from this sample

that have a mass of more than 268 g
= 0.9798 400
= 391.92
= 392 (to the nearest integer)

76

0.87