CHARMAINE L.

BALUCAN BS HRIM 1

Full Name: Dr. Jose Rizal Protasio Mercado Y Alonzo Realonda Pen Name: Pepe Birth Place: Calamba, Laguna Literally works: He was a prolific poet, essayist, diarist, correspondent, and
novelist whose most famous works were his two novels, Noli me Tangere and El filibusterismo.[7] These are social commentaries on the Philippines that formed the nucleus of literature that inspired dissent among peaceful reformists and spurred the militancy of armed revolutionaries from the Spanish colonial authorities. As a political figure, Rizal was the founder of La Liga Filipina, a civic organization that subsequently gave birth to the Katipunan[8] led by Andres Bonifacio and Emilio Aguinaldo. He was a proponent of institutional reforms by peaceful means rather than by violent revolution. The general consensus among Rizal scholars, however, is that his death was the catalyst that precipitated the Philippine Revolution. Short Biography: Dr Jose Protacio Rizal was born in the town of Calamba, Laguna on 19th
June 1861. The second son and the seventh among the eleven children of Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso. With his mother as his first teacher, he began his early education at home and continued it in Binan, Laguna. He entered a Jesuit-run Ateneo Municipal de Manila in 1872 and obtained a bachelor's degree with highest honors in 1876. He studied medicine at the University of Santo Tomas but had to stop because he felt that the Filipino students were being discriminated by their Dominican tutors. He went to Madrid at Universidad Central de Madrid and in 1885 at the age of 24, he finished his course in Philosophy and Letters with a grade of "Excellent". He took graduate studies in Paris, France & Heidelberg, Germany. He also studied painting, sculpture, he learned to read and write in at least 10 languages. Rizal was a prolific writer and was anti-violence. He rather fights using his pen than his might. Rizal's two books "Noli Me Tangere" (Touch Me Not) which he wrote while he was in Berlin, Germany in 1887 and "El Filibusterismo" (The Rebel) in Ghent, Belgiun in 1891 exposed the cruelties of the Spanish friars in the Philippines, the defects of the Spanish administration and the vices of the clergy, these books told about the oppression of the Spanish colonial rule. These two books made Rizal as a marked man to the Spanish friars..

Father: Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandro Born: May 11, 1818, Binan Laguna Mother: Teodora Morales Alonso Realonda y Quintos Date of Death:
it was exactly 7:03 A.M., December 30th, 1896, when Jose Rizal died; his death was the life of the Filipinos. When he died Nationalism was born, at the prime of his life, thirty-five year of age, five months and eleven days. His Mission was accomplished!

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no spouse

Full Name: Marcelo Hilario Del Pilar y Gatmaitan Pen Name: Plaridel Cupang , San Nicolas , Bulacan Birth of Place: Literally works:

At the age of 18 he had the audacity to write the story "Fray Botod" which depicted a fat and lecherous priest. Botods false piety "always [had] the Virgin and God on his lips no matter how unjust and underhanded his acts are." This naturally incurred the fury of the friars who knew that the story depicted them. Although it was not published a copy circulated in the region but the Friars could not prove that Lpez Jaena was the author. However he got into trouble for refusing to testify that certain prisoners died of natural causes when it was obvious that they had died at the hands of the mayor of Pototan. Lpez Jaena continued to agitate for justice and finally left for Spain when threats were made on his life.

Short Biography:

Del Pilar was born in Cupang, Bulacan, Bulacan, on August 30, 1850, to Don Julin Hilario Del Pilar and Doa Blasa Gatmaitan. He was the last child and the fifth son among the ten children. His elder brother, Toribio, was exiled to Guam for his involvement in the 1872 Cavite Mutiny. The family adapted the surname Del Pilar in 1849 pursuant on the decree issued by Governor-General Narciso Claveria.] Del Pilar was descended from the illustrious lineage of Gatmaitan, one of the sons of the pre-colonial ruling families of Bulacan and Pampanga.

Date of Birth: August 30, 1850 Parents: Mother Doa Blasa Gatmaitan and Father Don Julian Del Pilar Date of Death: July 4, 1896 Barcelona, Spain Spouse: Marciana

Full Name: Graciano Lopez Jaena Pen Name: Bolivar Birth of Place: Jaro, Iloilo Literally works:
Other great Filipino writer-revolutionaries, like Graciano Lopez-Jaena and Marcelo H. Del Pilar, did not use the formal/polite/non-confrontational Filipino writing style that Rizal often adapted, nor were they subtle in expressing their sentiments towards the Catholic Church. Lopez-Jaena was considered the greatest Filipino orator of his time. He came from a poor family and his mother, a devout Catholic, thought the priesthood would be a good career option for him. She sent him to a seminary to study to be a priest. But, no! At age 18, he would write Fray Botod (Brother Fatso) instead. His short story depicted the lecherous life and excesses of a priest, who invoked god's name to get his way. He also wrote La Hija del Fraile (The Priest's Daughter) and Esperanza (Hope). Both Graciano Lopez-Jaena and Marcelo H. Del Pilar had to flee the Philippines in fear of persecution by the Catholic Church. They lived lives of abject poverty in Europe fighting for the rights of Filipinos through La Solidarid. And both would die of tuberculosis, caused by hunger and enormous privation, one after the other, months before Rizal was executed and the outbreak of the Filipino revolution.

Short Biography:
He was Graciano Lopez Jaena of Jaro, Iloilo, born to poor but pious parents. To quote one of his known admirers: He was probably born at such a wrong place and at such a wrong time where prolonged existence requires that one should not be born at all.A good appreciation of history would prevent that, Lopez added. He was recipient of the Graciano Lopez Jaena Award for Media. Other awardees were book author, historian and Iloilo provincial official Demy P. Sonza for the Francisco Baltazar Award for It was also the favorite place of Graciano Lopez Jaena, where he would enjoy his usual copa de vino while admiring beautiful women passing by. No wonder he had the reputation of being a man of the world and of wine. Sometimes they needed to unwind to Rizal ABC La Solidaridad was the Filipino newspaper in Spain edited by Graciano Lopez Jaena and later, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, where Rizal submitted some of his most famous essays: To the Women of Malolos, Indolence of the Filipino and The Philippines

Date of Birth: January 22, 1896 in Barcelona, Spain Parents: Date of Death: He died in Madrid in January 1896 aged 39 years and 1 month old. The cause of his death was tuberculosis.

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