Health, Education, Social Protection News & Notes 24/2011

A bi-weekly newsletter supported by GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit)

20 November 2011
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Table of Contents: BOOKS ................................................................................ 4

Development Co-operation Report 2011 ................................................................................ 4 Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Public Health in Austria ........................................................................................................... 4

ONLINE PUBLICATIONS .................................................... 5

Global Health................................................................................................................ 5
How Private Companies are Transforming the Global Public Health Agenda........................ 5

HIV - AIDS - STI ........................................................................................................... 5

Achieving an AIDS Transition: Preventing Infections to Sustain Treatment ........................... 5 When and how to use assays for recent infection to estimate HIV incidence at a population level ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Utility of routine viral load, CD4 cell count, and clinical monitoring among adults with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: randomised trial................................................... 6 CD4 cell count and viral load monitoring in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: cost effectiveness study ........................................................................................... 6 Progress in scale-up of male circumcision for HIV prevention in Eastern and Southern Africa: Focus on service delivery ............................................................................................ 6

Sexual & Reproductive Health ..................................................................................... 6

Linkages between HIV and Family Planning Services Under PEPFAR: Room for Improvement ........................................................................................................................... 6 Access to safe abortion: building choices for women living with HIV and AIDS ..................... 7 Increasing family planning access and choice ........................................................................ 7 The Supply-Enabling Environment-Demand (SEED) Assessment Guide for Family Planning Programming............................................................................................................ 7 Good choice: the right to sexual and reproductive health....................................................... 8

Maternal & Child Health ............................................................................................... 8

Evaluating the quality of care for severe pregnancy complications: The WHO near-miss approach for maternal health .................................................................................................. 8 Child health and mothers social capital in Indonesia through crisis....................................... 8 State of the Worlds Street Children 2011: Research ............................................................. 9 Community case management of severe pneumonia with oral amoxicillin in children aged 259 months in Haripur district, Pakistan: a cluster randomised trial ......................................... 9 Employers and workers handbook on hazardous child labour ............................................. 9 Global burden of respiratory infections due to seasonal influenza in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.................................................................................... 10 Effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months: a randomised controlled trial ............................................................................ 10

Malaria........................................................................................................................ 10
Basigin is a receptor essential for erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium falciparum............. 10

HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 1

Community case management of malaria in urban settings: A feasibility study in five African sites ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Low quality of routine microscopy for malaria at different levels of the health system in Dar es Salaam ............................................................................................................................. 11 Large-scale use of mosquito larval source management for malaria control in Africa: a cost analysis.................................................................................................................................. 11 Faiths United for Health: A Toolkit for Faith Leaders in Nigeria in the Fight against Malaria12

Tuberculosis ............................................................................................................... 12
Out of the Dark: Meeting the Needs of Children with TB ...................................................... 12 Rapid Diagnosis of Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in High Burden Countries: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis .................................................................................................. 12

Other Infectious Diseases .......................................................................................... 13

The Control of Neglected Zoonotic Diseases: Community-based interventions for prevention and control............................................................................................................................. 13

Essential Medicines.................................................................................................... 13
Improving Access to HIV/AIDS Medicines in Africa: Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Flexibilities ................................................................................................... 13 Safer, Faster, Cheaper: Improving Clinical Trials and Regulatory Pathways to Fight Neglected Diseases .............................................................................................................. 13 Managing Drug Supply: Managing Access to Medicines and other Health Technologies ... 14 Multinationals and Monopolies: Pharmaceutical Industry in India after TRIPS .................... 14

Social Protection ........................................................................................................ 14

Cash transfers literature review ............................................................................................ 14 Changing Role of Family Networks in Coping with Risk ....................................................... 15

Human Resources...................................................................................................... 15
Tanzanian lessons in using non-physician clinicians to scale up comprehensive emergency obstetric care in remote and rural areas ............................................................................... 15 Managing the Demand for Global Health Education............................................................. 15

Health Systems & Research ...................................................................................... 16

How to do (or not to do) . . . a benefit incidence analysis ..................................................... 16 Access to health care of persons with disabilities as an indicator of equity in health systems ............................................................................................................................................... 16

Information & Communication Technology ................................................................ 16

Health IT and Patient Safety: Building Safer Systems for Better Care ................................. 16

Education ................................................................................................................... 17
Pedagogical use of ICT: Successes and Challenges from 100 + African schools ............... 17 Intgration pdagogique des TIC : Succs et dfis de 100+ coles africaines .................... 17 Smaller, Quicker, Cheaper: Improving Learning Assessments for Developing Countries ... 17 Education: shared interests in well-being and development................................................. 17

Harm Reduction and Drug Use .................................................................................. 18

Novel pharmacotherapeutic treatments for cocaine addiction .............................................. 18

Millennium Development Goals.................................................................................. 18

Accelerating progress in achieving the millennium development goal for children through community-based approaches .............................................................................................. 18

Development Assistance............................................................................................ 19
Its Complicated: the Challenge of Implementing the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness ............................................................................................................................................... 19 Measuring the Quality of Aid: QuODA Second Edition ......................................................... 19 Pilot Aid Transparency Index 2011 ....................................................................................... 19 Rogue Aid? The Determinants of Chinas Aid Allocation...................................................... 20 Move on - D+C Comment ..................................................................................................... 20

Others......................................................................................................................... 20
Who Cares? - Palliative Care: A Special Report................................................................... 20 Eliminating cataract blindness - How do we apply lessons from Asia to sub-Saharan Africa? ............................................................................................................................................... 20 Housing: Shared Interests in Health and Development ........................................................ 21

JOB OPPORTUNITIES...................................................... 21
Clinical lecturer - social determinants of health..................................................................... 21 Non-clinical senior lecturer / lecturer - health systems ......................................................... 21

HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 2

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES ............................................ 22

The European Portal for Action on Health Inequalities ......................................................... 22 The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ................................................................. 22 Newsletter of the Public Health Association of South Africa................................................. 22

INTERESTING WEB SITES .............................................. 22

Womens Global Network for Reproductive Rights (WGNRR) ............................................. 22 EngagingMen.Net.................................................................................................................. 23 The International Aid Transparency Initiative........................................................................ 23 AidData 2.0............................................................................................................................ 23 Southern Africa HIV/AIDS Regional Exchange (SHARE) Portal .......................................... 23

TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES............................................ 24
Diploma in Reproductive Health in Developing Countries .................................................... 24 E-learning course: Basics of Health Economics ................................................................... 24 Health Systems through Conflict and Recovery.................................................................... 24 Course on Anaesthesia for Developing Countries ................................................................ 25

CARTOON ......................................................................... 25
Wireless technology........................................................................................................... 25

TIPS & TRICKS ................................................................. 25

Run As Administrator - Keyboard Shortcut ........................................................................... 25 Restore Last Tab in your Browser......................................................................................... 26 Send a SMS via E-mail ......................................................................................................... 26

Fair Use: This Newsletter is produced under the principles of 'fair use'. We source relevant news articles, resources and research documents and strive to attribute sources by providing reference and/or direct links to authors and websites. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this newsletter, do not necessarily represent those of GIZ or the editor of HESP-News & Notes. While we make every effort to ensure that all facts and figures quoted by authors are accurate, GIZ and the editor of the Newsletter cannot be held responsible for any inaccuracies contained in any articles. Please contact dneuvians@gmx.de if you believe that errors are contained in any article and we will investigate and provide feedback.

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HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 3

BOOKS
Development Co-operation Report 2011
50th Anniversary Edition, OECD Publishing, October 2011 258 pp. 15.6 MB (!):
http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development-co-operation-report2011_5km91n5c1z6c.pdf;jsessionid=oafg72g3nux0.delta?contentType=/ns/Book&itemId=/content/book/ dcr-2011-en&containerItemId=/content/serial/20747721&accessItemIds=&mimeType=application/pdf

The Development Co-operation Report is the key annual reference document for statistics and analysis on trends in international aid. In addition to the usual statistics and analysis, this special OECD 50th Anniversary edition includes articles by prominent persons in the field who have helped in their various capacities to shape thinking on the important issues and needs that face us today. ***

Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication

by Robert Ayres, Steve Bass, Andrea Bassi et al. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), November 2011 626 pp. 21.3 MB(!): http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/Portals/88/documents/ger/Gre enEconomyReport.pdf The report demonstrates that the greening of economies is not generally a drag on growth but rather a new engine of growth; that it is a net generator of decent jobs, and that it is also a vital strategy for the elimination of persistent poverty. The report also seeks to motivate policy makers to create the enabling conditions for increased investments in a transition to a green economy. ***

Public Health in Austria

An analysis of the status of public health Edited by Joy Ladurner, Marlene Gerger, Walter W. Holland et al. The European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, November 2011 370 pp. 2.0 MB: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/153868/e95955.pdf This new book explores some of the key challenges facing Austrias public health system. It examines how, over the last 50 years, the Austrian system has developed, and adapted, and how improved standards of living and education, and important advances in health care and medicine, have benefited the population. But the study also questions some of those developments and poses significant questions as to how the system needs to adapt to deal with the challenges presented by life in the 21st Century.

HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 4

ONLINE PUBLICATIONS
Global Health How Private Companies are Transforming the Global Public Health Agenda
A New Era for the World Health Organization by Sonia Shah Foreign Affairs, 9 November 2011 Read online at: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/136654/sonia-shah/how-privatecompanies-are-transforming-the-global-public-health?page=show Over the last three decades, public funding for global health organizations has dried up (the WHO is a case in point). Private companies are writing checks to fill the gap, and, accordingly, they are bending the agenda toward their interests. Realigning priorities, however, will mean getting more private firms involved, not less.

HIV - AIDS - STI Achieving an AIDS Transition: Preventing Infections to Sustain Treatment
by Mead Over Center for Global Development, October 2011 4 pp. 209 kB: http://www.cgdev.org/files/1425614_file_Over_AIDS_Transition_F INAL.pdf Health policymakers and practitioners need to organize their efforts around a single goal: achieving an AIDS transition. Only by sustaining recent reductions in mortality and bringing down the number of new infections will the total number of people with HIV finally decline. This focus would change assistance policy and practice at every level, for donor agencies, recipient governments, and health practitioners. ***

When and how to use assays for recent infection to estimate HIV incidence at a population level
by John Kaldor, Joanne Micallef, Andrea Kim et al. WHO Working Group on HIV Incidence Assays - UNAIDS / WHO, Geneva, 2011 56 pp. 2.1 MB:
http://www.who.int/diagnostics_laboratory/hiv_incidence_may13_final.pdf

The document reviews the public health importance of estimating the HIV incidence in populations, and the various methods that have been used for this purpose. It provides guidance on the way in which laboratory tests for recent HIV infection may be used to estimate HIV incidence in populations, particularly with regard to sampling designs, sample size and the statistical analyses that should be employed. HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 5

Utility of routine viral load, CD4 cell count, and clinical monitoring among adults with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: randomised trial
by Jonathan Mermin, John P Ekwaru, Willy Were et al. BMJ 2011; 343 (Published 9 November 2011) 11 pp. 493 kB: http://www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/536788/field_highwire_article_pdf/0.pdf In patients receiving ART for HIV infection in Uganda, routine laboratory monitoring is associated with improved health and survival compared with clinical monitoring alone. ***

CD4 cell count and viral load monitoring in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: cost effectiveness study
by James G Kahn, Elliot Marseille, David Moore et al. BMJ 2011; 343 (Published 9 November 2011) 12 pp. 291 kB: http://www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/536789/field_highwire_article_pdf/0.pdf Based on this trial, compared with clinical monitoring alone, monitoring of routine CD4 cell count is considerably more cost effective than additionally including routine viral load testing in the monitoring strategy and is more cost effective than antiretroviral therapy (ART). ***

Progress in scale-up of male circumcision for HIV prevention in Eastern and Southern Africa: Focus on service delivery
2011 revised by Julia Samuelson and Kim Dickson World Health Organization and UNAIDS, November 2011 32 pp. 1.4 MB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241502511_eng.pdf In 2007, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) recommended that male circumcision (MC) be recognized as an additional, important strategy for the prevention of heterosexually acquired HIV infection in men, particularly in countries with hyperendemic or generalized HIV epidemics and low MC prevalence. WHO and UNAIDS are monitoring progress in scale-up and impact in these priority countries. As most countries have the key elements of programmes in place, the present report provides an overview of progress by the end of 2010 with a focus on the numbers of MCs performed for HIV prevention.

Sexual & Reproductive Health Linkages between HIV and Family Planning Services Under PEPFAR: Room for Improvement

HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 6

by Heather Boonstra Guttmacher Policy Review - Fall 2011, Volume 14, Number 4 6 pp. 88.3 kB: http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/gpr/14/4/gpr140402.pdf This new guidances fully endorse the provision by family planning programs of HIV counseling and testing, as well as referrals for HIV care and treatment, and they recommend the use of Presidents Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) funds for these purposes. The guidances also specifically acknowledge that preventing unintended pregnancy is vital to lowering the rate of new HIV infections. Therefore, they state, women in HIV programs should have access to family planning counseling and referrals for contraceptives. ***

Access to safe abortion: building choices for women living with HIV and AIDS
by Phyllis J Orner, Maria de Bruyn, Regina Maria Barbosa et al. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2011, (14 November 2011) 31 pp. 206 kB: http://www.jiasociety.org/content/pdf/1758-2652-14-54.pdf In this paper, the authors explore the existing evidence related to global and countryspecific barriers to safe abortion for all women, with an emphasis on research gaps around the right of women living with HIV to choose safe abortion services as an option for dealing with unwanted pregnancies. The main focus is on the situation for women living with HIV in Brazil, Namibia and South Africa, as examples of three countries with different conditions regarding womens access to safe legal abortions: a very restrictive setting, a setting with several indications for legal abortion but non-implementation of the law, and a rather liberal setting. ***

Increasing family planning access and choice

Key lessons from Marie Stopes Internationals clinical outreach programmes by Jack Campbell and Nick Corby Marie Stopes International, 2011 12 pp. 526 kB: http://www.mariestopes.org/documents/publications/12pp_Marie% 20Stopes_Marketing_Outreach%20WEB.pdf This report looks at how family planning access and choice is being increased around the world through clinical outreach programmes. The report designed to help service providers, programme managers and donors implement and strengthen outreach programmes which are offering family planning services. ***

The Supply-Enabling Environment-Demand (SEED) Assessment Guide for Family Planning Programming
by Erin K. McGinn and Holly J. Connor EngenderHealth, 2011 HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 7

110 pp. 1.5 MB:

http://www.engenderhealth.org/files/pubs/family-planning/seedmodel/seed-assessment-guide-for-family-planning-programming-english.pdf

The SEED Assessment Guide for Family Planning Programming is a holistic programming framework based on the principle that sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programs will be more successful, sustainable, and accountable to the communities they serve if they comprehensively address the three interdependent and mutually supportive components of SRH programs: supply; the enabling environment; and demand. ***

Good choice: the right to sexual and reproductive health

PANOS Media Toolkit on Communicating Research No.4, March 2007 6 pp. 403 kB: http://panosrelay.org.uk/wp-content/static/good_choice.pdf Good sexual and reproductive health services enhance public health and improve quality of life. Journalists can play a key role in getting important sexual and reproductive issues debated publicly. They can examine critically the claims made by traditional healers and health researchers alike. Investigating whether research reflects the reality on the ground and interviewing researchers about key trends should all result in information to enrich a story.

Maternal & Child Health Evaluating the quality of care for severe pregnancy complications: The WHO near-miss approach for maternal health
by Joo Paulo Souza, Lale Say, Robert Pattinson et al. World Health Organization, October 2011 33 pp. 744 kB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241502221_eng.pdf This guide is intended to be used by health-care workers, programme managers and policy-makers who are responsible for quality of maternal health care within a healthcare facility or the health system. It presents the WHO maternal near-miss approach for monitoring the implementation of critical interventions in maternal health care and proposes a systematic process for assessing the quality of care. ***

Child health and mothers social capital in Indonesia through crisis

by Sujarwoto and Gindo Tampubolon Brooks World Poverty Institute, May 2011 30 pp. 346 kB: http://zunia.org/uploads/media/knowledge/SSRNid18560291321429976.pdf HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 8

Social capital has been shown to be positively associated with a range of health outcomes, yet few studies have explored the association between mothers social capital and child health. The authors examine the relationship between mothers' access to social capital via participations in community activities and their childrens health. The authors find strong evidence for the association between mothers social capital and child health before and after the Asian financial crisis. In contrast, there is no relation between mother's social capital and child health during the crisis. ***

State of the Worlds Street Children 2011: Research

by Sarah Thomas de Bentez Consortium for Street Children, 2011 101 pp. 3.7 MB: http://www.streetchildren.org.uk/_uploads/publications/State_of_the _Worlds_Street_Children_Research_final_PDF_online.pdf The publication brings together a comprehensive collection of literature about street children from the last decade. It draws on over 400 pieces of research, determining where advances have been made in the knowledge about this often over-looked group and dispelling some unfounded assumptions. It also identies where the gaps are in current knowledge to reveal areas where further exploration is needed. It is aimed at scholars, researchers, practitioners, NGOs and anyone with an interest in street children. ***

Community case management of severe pneumonia with oral amoxicillin in children aged 2-59 months in Haripur district, Pakistan: a cluster randomised trial
by Abdul Bari, Salim Sadruddin, Attaullah Khan et al. The Lancet, Vol. 378, Issue 9805, pp. 1796-1803, 19 November 2011 8 pp. 152 kB: http://download.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673611611409.pdf The objective in this study was to assess whether community case management by lady health workers (LHWs) with oral amoxicillin in children with severe pneumonia was equivalent to current standard of care. The authors conclude that community case management could result in a standardised treatment for children with severe pneumonia, reduce delay in treatment initiation, and reduce the costs for families and health-care systems. ***

Employers and workers handbook on hazardous child labour

International Labour Organization, 2011 66 pp. 1.9 MB: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actemp/downloads/projec ts/cl_handbook.pdf The Handbook provides a general overview of child labour and explains the main international conventions dealing with the subject. It provides the definition of hazardous HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 9

child labour and details the various hazards. The Handbook also explains the role of the social partners in combatting hazardous child labour and ends with practical advice on what can be done to eliminate it. ***

Global burden of respiratory infections due to seasonal influenza in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
by Harish Nair, W Abdullah Brooks, Mark Katz et al. The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 11 November 2011 14 pp. 838 kB: http://download.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673611610519.pdf This is the first study to provide global estimates of seasonal influenza in children aged under five years and the resultant burden of influenza-related pneumonia. The study estimates that, globally, there are around 90 million paediatric cases of seasonal influenza every year, causing around 1 million hospital admissions and up to 100,000 deaths from influenza-related pneumonia. 99% of these deaths occur in developing countries but incidence and mortality varied substantially from year to year in any one setting. ***

Effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months: a randomised controlled trial
by Ola Andersson, Lena Hellstrm-Westas, Dan Andersson et al. BMJ 2011; 343 (Published 15 November 2011 12 pp. 526 kB: http://www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/541382/field_highwire_article_pdf/0.pdf Delayed cord clamping, compared with early clamping, resulted in improved iron status and reduced prevalence of iron deficiency at 4 months of age, and reduced prevalence of neonatal anaemia, without demonstrable adverse effects. As iron deficiency in infants even without anaemia has been associated with impaired development, delayed cord clamping seems to benefit full term infants even in regions with a relatively low prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia.

Malaria Basigin is a receptor essential for erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium falciparum

by Ccile Crosnier, Leyla Y. Bustamante, S. Josefin Bartholdson et al. Nature, 9 November 2011 Read summary online with link to full article in Nature: http://www.scidev.net/en/health/malaria/news/key-malaria-parasitediscovery-raises-vaccine-hopes.html Hopes for a vaccine that would be effective against many different types of the deadliest malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, have been raised by research published recently. The new work has found a single receptor that is absolutely required by the HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 10

parasite to invade. The authors said that a vaccine could consist of a safe version of the parasite, which would cause the immune system to produce antibodies that swing into action under attack from the real parasite. ***

Community case management of malaria in urban settings: A feasibility study in five African sites
by Mary Amuyunzu-Nyamongo World Health Organization on behalf of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, November 2011 54 pp. 1.5 MB: http://apps.who.int/tdr/publications/tdr-researchpublications/community_mgm_malaria/pdf/community_mgm_malaria.pdf This publication describes lessons learned in five African cities using community case management of malaria (CCMm) to provide artemesinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for children less than five years of age. This approach is an established route of distribution of anti-malaria drugs in rural areas, but the feasibility and acceptability of the approach in urban areas has not been explored. Urban CCMm is feasible, but it struggles against other sources of established healthcare providers. Each country provides specific lessons learned in that environment. ***

Low quality of routine microscopy for malaria at different levels of the health system in Dar es Salaam
by Judith Kahama-Maro, Valerie D'Acremont, Deo Mtasiwa et al. Malaria Journal 2011, 10:332 (2 November 2011) 31 pp. 419 kB: http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/1475-2875-10-332.pdf From this study the authors conclude that the quality of routine microscopy was poor in all health facilities, regardless of their level. Over-diagnosis was massive, with many false positive results reported as very low parasitaemia (1 to 5 parasites per 200 WBC). Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) should replace microscopy as first-line diagnostic tool for malaria in all settings, especially in hospitals where the potential for saving lives is greatest. ***

Large-scale use of mosquito larval source management for malaria control in Africa: a cost analysis
by Eve Worrall and Ulrike Fillinger Malaria Journal 2011, 10:338 (8 November 2011) 51 pp. 337 kB: http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/1475-2875-10-338.pdf At present, large-scale use of two malaria vector control methods, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) is being scaled up in Africa with substantial funding from donors. A third vector control method, larval source manageHESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 11

ment (LSM), has been historically very successful and is today widely used for mosquito control globally, except in Africa. With increasing risk of insecticide resistance and a shift to more exophilic vectors, LSM is now under re-evaluation for use against afro-tropical vector species. Here the costs of this intervention were evaluated. ***

Faiths United for Health: A Toolkit for Faith Leaders in Nigeria in the Fight against Malaria
Produced by The Nigerian Inter-Faith Action Association in collaboration with The Center for Interfaith Action on Global Poverty, 2010 32 pp. 902 kB: http://www.cifa.org/images/stories/docs/rr1toolkit-trainerversion.pdf This toolkit, designed for Christian and Muslim faith leaders, and communities in general, offers tools to spread the message of malaria prevention, as well as specific plans of action for using them. The publication was developed as part of the Faiths United for Health campaign, which brings together faith leaders from across Nigeria to bring lifesaving messages about malaria prevention and treatment to families and communities in their places of worship.

Tuberculosis Out of the Dark: Meeting the Needs of Children with TB

Mdecins Sans Frontires, November 2011 20 pp. 2.2 MB: http://www.msfaccess.org/sites/default/files/MSF_assets/TB/Docs/ TB_report_OutoftheDark_ENG_2011_Final.pdf This report will outline the current state of paediatric TB care, looking at current practices, new developments and research needs in paediatric TB diagnosis, treatment and prevention. It intends to act as a guide to treatment programmes for implementation of the best standard of care currently available to children with TB, and to raise awareness of the need to continue to push for improvements in the management of childhood TB. ***

Rapid Diagnosis of Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in High Burden Countries: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
by Anna Vassall, Sanne van Kampen, Hojoon Sohn et al. PLoS Med 8(11): e1001120 (8 November 2011) 14 pp. 537 kB:
http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/fetchObjectAttachment.action;jsessionid=B23971055238D5B4C 36792F4CF040319.ambra02?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001120&representation=PDF

Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) is a cost-effective method of TB diagnosis, compared to a base case of smear microscopy and clinical diagnosis of smear-negative TB in low- and middle-income settings where, with its ability to substantially increase case finding, it has important potential for improving TB diagnosis and control. The extent of costHESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 12

effectiveness gain to TB programmes from deploying Xpert is primarily dependent on current TB diagnostic practices. Further work is required during scale-up to validate these findings.

Other Infectious Diseases The Control of Neglected Zoonotic Diseases: Community-based interventions for prevention and control
by Alexandra Shaw, Wendy Harrison, Eric Fvre WHO Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Cluster, November 2011 83 pp. 1.9 MB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241502528_eng.pdf The past five years have seen a growing interest in Neglected Zoonotic Diseases, their recognition by WHO, and the launching or continuation of many successful control programmes. But as more work has been done on the incidence and impact of these diseases it has been realised that they are more widespread than thought, cause more ill health in humans and more losses in livestock and remain desperately under-funded.

Essential Medicines Improving Access to HIV/AIDS Medicines in Africa: Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Flexibilities
by Patrick L. Osewe, Yvonne K. Nkrumah, Emmanuel K. Sackey The World Bank, 2008 84 pp. 914 kB: http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s17514en/s17514en.pdf The study begins with an overview of the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement and its flexibilities, delineating the legal requirements of the TRIPS agreement regarding their use. It then examines the challenges entailed in the beneficial interpretation and implementation of the TRIPS agreement at both the national and regional levels. The next section reviews the domestic antiretroviral (ARV) production experiences of Zimbabwe, Kenya, South Africa, and Ghana with an eye for evaluating the option of sustainable local production. ***

Safer, Faster, Cheaper: Improving Clinical Trials and Regulatory Pathways to Fight Neglected Diseases
by Thomas Bollyky Center for Global Development, 2011 77 pp. 2.7 MB:
http://www.cgdev.org/files/1425588_file_Bollyky_Clinical_Trials_FINAL.pdf

HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 13

Developing countries should take a streamlined, regional approach to regulating clinical trials for drugs against neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), in which a single approval would cover multiple countries. Most NTDs have no effective treatments but, thanks to a large investment in recent years from philanthropic foundations, nearly 240 drug and vaccine candidates are now in development, 90 of which are waiting for late stage clinical trials. ***

Managing Drug Supply: Managing Access to Medicines and other Health Technologies
Third edition Management Sciences for Health (MSH), November 2011 Download chapter by chapter at: http://www.msh.org/resource-center/managing-drug-supply-digital-edition.cfm Managing Drug Supply (MDS) is the leading reference on how to manage essential medicines in developing countries. The third edition reflects the dramatic changes in politics and public health priorities, advances in science and medicine, greater focus on health care systems, increased donor funding, and the advent of information technology that have profoundly affected access to essential medicines over the past 14 years. ***

Multinationals and Monopolies: Pharmaceutical Industry in India after TRIPS

by Sudip Chaudhuri Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, 2011 39 pp. 378 kB: http://facultylive.iimcal.ac.in/sites/facultylive.iimcal.ac.in/files/WPS%20685_0.pdf India abolished product patent protection in pharmaceuticals in 1972. In accordance with the TRIPS agreement, drug product patent protection has been re-introduced in India since 1 January 2005. This paper deals with the behaviour of the Multinationals and Monopolies (MNCs) in the post-TRIPS situation. The study shows that that the days of product monopolies and high prices are back in India. The MNCs have started marketing new patented drugs at exorbitant prices particularly for life threatening diseases such as cancer.

Social Protection Cash transfers literature review

by Catherine Arnold, Tim Conway and Matthew Greenslade UK Department for International Development, April 2011 134 pp. 848 kB:
http://www.dfid.gov.uk/r4d/PDF/Articles/cash-transfers-literature-review.pdf

This paper provides a synthesis of current global evidence on the impact of cash transHESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 14

fers in developing countries, and of what works in different contexts, or for different development objectives. Cash transfers are direct, regular and predictable noncontributory cash payments that help poor and vulnerable households to raise and smooth incomes. While the primary purpose of cash transfers is to reduce poverty and vulnerability, the evidence shows that they have proven potential to contribute directly or indirectly to a wider range of development outcomes. ***

Changing Role of Family Networks in Coping with Risk

Microinsurance Learning and Knowledge (MILK) Brief N5, MicroInsurance Centre, 2011 3 pp. 227 kB: http://www.microinsurancecentre.org/milk-project/milk-docs/doc_download/807milk-brief-5-changing-role-of-family-networks-in-coping-with-risk.html This brief, published by MILK (Microinsurance Learning and Knowledge), examines the importance of family networks and ways in which recent demographic trends indicate a weakening of these networks and the emergence of new gaps in risk-coping ability, which formal insurance products may be able to fill.

Human Resources Tanzanian lessons in using non-physician clinicians to scale up comprehensive emergency obstetric care in remote and rural areas
by Angelo S Nyamtema, Senga K Pemba, Godfrey Mbaruku et al. Human Resources for Health 2011, 9:28 (9 November 2011) 26 pp. 537 kB: http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/pdf/1478-4491-9-28.pdf Considering severe shortage of human resources for health in Tanzania, currently operating at 32% of the required skilled workforce, an intensive three-month course was developed to train non-physician clinicians for remote health centres. The authors conclude that Tanzanian assistant medical officers, clinical officers, and nurse-midwives can be trained as a team, in a three-month course, to provide effective comprehensive emergency obstetrical care and anaesthesia in remote health centres. ***

Managing the Demand for Global Health Education

by Vanessa B. Kerry, Thumbi Ndung'u, Rochelle P. Walensky et al. PLoS Med 8(11): e1001118 (8 November 2011) 6 pp. 191 kB: http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/fetchObjectAttachment.action?uri=info%3Adoi %2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1001118&representation=PDF Emerging training programs in global health worldwide create a unique opportunity to re-examine the strategy to scale-up human resources to reduce the global burden of HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 15

disease. Funding should be channelled to programs that promise sustained, rational, and effective training and that cultivate the best available talent in all settings. Global health training programs should be evaluated by the quality of the experience for trainees from all settings and by the incremental improvement in in-country care, infrastructure, and/or research.

Health Systems & Research How to do (or not to do) . . . a benefit incidence analysis
by Di McIntyre and John E Ataguba Health Policy and Planning 2011;26:174-182 9 pp. 294 kB: http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/2/174.full.pdf Benefit incidence analysis (BIA) considers who (in terms of socio-economic groups) receive what benefit from using health services. This paper aims to provide an introduction to the methods used in the traditional public sector BIA, and how the same methods can be applied to undertake an assessment of the whole health system. The authors consider what data are required, potential sources of data, deficiencies in data frequently available in low- and middle-income countries, and how these data should be analysed. ***

Access to health care of persons with disabilities as an indicator of equity in health systems
by Malcolm MacLachlan, Hasheem Mannan, and Eilish McAuliffe Open Med. 2011; 5(1): e10-e12; Published online 18 January 2011 3 pp. 272 kB: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3205810/pdf/OpenMed-05-e10.pdf Health systems are often evaluated using indicators such as maternal mortality, which reflect the health status of the population and the effectiveness of health services. Addressing the right to health of persons with disabilities is a significant challenge for health systems because health services for this subgroup are interdependent on other sectors in society, such as education, employment and transportation. By considering health care access of persons with disabilities, it is possible to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the health system in terms of equity, accessibility and right to health.

Information & Communication Technology Health IT and Patient Safety: Building Safer Systems for Better Care
Committee on Patient Safety and Health Information Technology; Institute of Medicine (IOM), 2011 197 pp. 1.6 MB:
http://download.nap.edu/cart/download.cgi?&record_id=13269&free=1

IOM's 1999 landmark study To Err is Human estimated that between HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 16

44,000 and 98,000 lives are lost every year due to medical errors. This call to action has led to a number of efforts to reduce errors and provide safe and effective health care. Information technology (IT) has been identified as a way to enhance the safety and effectiveness of care. In an effort to catalyze its implementation, the U.S. government has invested billions of dollars toward the development and meaningful use of effective health IT.

Education Pedagogical use of ICT: Successes and Challenges from 100 + African schools
2nd edition

Intgration pdagogique des TIC : Succs et dfis de 100+ coles africaines

2e dition by Thierry Karsenti, Simon Collin, Toby Harper-Merrett et al. International Development Research Centre (IDRC), 2011 358 pp. 5.5 MB: http://www.ernwaca.org/panaf/IMG/pdf/integration-TIC-Afrique-succes-defis-100ecoles-seconde-edition.pdf This portrait is drawn up as part of the Panafrican Research Agenda on the Pedagogical Integration of ICTs (PanAf), an international research project which aims to better understand how the pedagogical integration of ICT can improve the quality of teaching and learning in Africa. It is therefore concerned with all initiatives, whether pioneer or not, for ICT in education, covering different educational levels (primary, secondary, postsecondary) and contexts (rural vs. urban areas, for example). ***

Smaller, Quicker, Cheaper: Improving Learning Assessments for Developing Countries

by Daniel A. Wagner International Institute for Educational Planning, 2011 193 pp. 2.5 MB: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002136/213663e.pdf More children than ever are in school, but some reports indicate that the quality of education in many developing countries has actually dropped in recent years. To understand these trends, educational specialists will need improved assessments of learning. The present volume provides a review of quality learning assessments, their status in terms of the empirical knowledge base, and some new ideas for improving their effectiveness, particularly for those children most in need. ***

Education: shared interests in well-being and development

Social determinants of health Sectoral briefing Series 2 by Rdiger Krech, Henk Bekedam, Daniel Albrecht et al. HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 17

WHO Headquarters in partnership with the Regional Office for the Western Pacific, November 2011 34 pp. 1.2 MB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241502498_eng.pdf This education briefing describes challenges facing education policymakers and authorities, how they address these challenges, and areas for potential collaboration between health and education. The education sector overview covers mutual public policy interests of education and health; main global trends in education; education policy challenges from the perspective of the education sector characterized as overarching goals and situates these goals within a broad policy, economic and stakeholder context.

Harm Reduction and Drug Use Novel pharmacotherapeutic treatments for cocaine addiction
by Daryl Shorter and Thomas R Kosten BMC Medicine 2011, 9:119 (3 November 2011) 31 pp. 252 kB: http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1741-7015-9-119.pdf Cocaine is a stimulant that leads to the rapid accumulation of catecholamines and serotonin in the brain due to prevention of their re-uptake into the neuron that released the neurotransmitter. Cocaine dependence is a public health concern and cause of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. There have been a number of recent trials testing promising agents including dopamine agonists, GABAergic medications and the cocaine vaccine. The authors discuss the most recent human clinical trials of potential medications for treatment of cocaine dependence, as well as pre-clinical studies for another promising agent, levo tetrahydropalmatine.

Millennium Development Goals Accelerating progress in achieving the millennium development goal for children through community-based approaches
by P. Freeman, H.B. Perry, S.K. Gupta & B. Rassekh Global Public Health, available online 1 June 2011 20 pp. 158 kB: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17441690903330305 The Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG4) calls for the reduction in under-five mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. Only 16 of the 68 countries with 97% of the worlds child deaths are on track to achieve this. This paper reviews the current evidence regarding proven interventions for reducing child mortality in high-mortality, resource-poor settings. All of these interventions require implementation within communities rather than implementation confined to only those attending health facilities with strong community participation in order to be effective.

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Development Assistance Its Complicated: the Challenge of Implementing the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness
By Laurence Chandy The Brookings Institution, September 2011 3 pp. 79 kB: http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/opinions/2011/0922_paris_declaration _chandy/0922_paris_declaration.pdf Of the 13 targets agreed to at the Paris High Level Forum, only one was met. That is a grim outcome even by the standards of global development, where commitments are regularly professed but rarely fulfilled. It also makes for a gloomy backdrop to this Novembers High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness in Busan, Korea. Over the next few weeks, be prepared for a good amount of haranguing and finger-pointing as development activists line up to accuse donor agencies of not trying hard enough and aid skeptics write off the High Level Forum process as an ineffectual talking shop. ***

Measuring the Quality of Aid: QuODA Second Edition

Executive Summary for the Fourth High-Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness, Busan, Korea, November 29 - December 1, 2011 by Nancy Birdsall, Homi Kharas and Rita Perakis Center for Global Development, November 2011 4 pp. 328 kB:
http://www.cgdev.org/files/1425642_file_Birdsall_Kharas_Perakis_Busan_QuODA_FINAL.pdf

This brief provides a summary of the forthcoming second edition of the Quality of Official Development Assistance (QuODA) Assessment sponsored by the Brookings Institution and the Center for Global Development. QuODA aims to help fill the analysis gap with emphasis on objective and quantifiable indicators. It is hoped this preliminary summary of the forthcoming second edition of QuODA will help to inform discussions at the Fourth High-Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness in Busan. ***

Pilot Aid Transparency Index 2011

by Mark Brough, Karin Christiansen and Rachel Rank Publish What You Fund, October 2011 83 pp. 6.4 MB: http://www.publishwhatyoufund.org/files/2011-Pilot-Aid-Transparency-Index.pdf This pilot index provides a methodical analysis of donor aid transparency that relies on evidence-based survey data, allowing us to reflect more systematically on donors commitment to aid transparency in practice, with an emphasis on transparency at the country level and for specific activities. ***

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Rogue Aid? The Determinants of Chinas Aid Allocation

by Axel Dreher and Andreas Fuchs Heidelberg University and University of Goettingen, October 2011 47 pp. 1.3 MB: https://ncgg.princeton.edu/IPES/2011/papers/F1120_rm3.pdf Foreign aid from China is often characterized as rogue aid that is not guided by recipient need but by Chinas national interests alone. However, no econometric study so far confronts this claim with data. In comparison to other donors, China does not pay substantially more attention to politics. In contrast to widespread perceptions, the authros find no evidence that Chinas aid allocation is dominated by natural resource endowments. Moreover, Chinas allocation of aid seems to be widely independent of democracy and governance in recipient countries. Overall, denominating aid from China as rogue aid seems unjustified. ***

Move on - D+C Comment

by Sachin Chaturvedi D+C, 2011/11, Debate, Page 439 Read online at: http://www.inwent.org/ez/articles/197873/index.en.shtml The time has come to move on beyond donors and recipients in the international development discourse, argues the author, an expert from India. In his view, the focus must be on what is happening in the countries that receive aid flows, and what can improve the lot of their peoples.

Others Who Cares? - Palliative Care: A Special Report

The Africa Palliative Care Association Africa Health Magazine Special Issue, July 2011 16 pp. 7.2 MB:
http://www.africa-health.com/articles/july_2011/Palliative%20care.pdf

For the majority of Africans with progressive and life-limiting illnesses, access to culturally appropriate, holistic palliative care is inadequate. Despite being defined as an essential component of a comprehensive package of care for people living with life-limiting illnesses, palliative care is a variable component of service delivery models in Africa. A health system that excludes palliative care services is deficient and not working optimally. ***

Eliminating cataract blindness - How do we apply lessons from Asia to sub-Saharan Africa?
by S. Lewallena and R.D. Thulasiraj Global Public Health, Vol. 5, No. 6, November 2010, pp. 639-648

HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 20

10 pp. 114 kB: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17441690903539541 In India, the Aravind Eye Care System provides an impressive model demonstrating how high quality eye care, including cataract surgery, can be delivered to large numbers and made affordable to all. Similarly, financially self-supporting systems have not been developed at this point in sub- Saharan Africa. This paper explores the factors that lead to success at Aravind, and compares and contrasts the conditions in India with those found in much of sub-Saharan Africa. ***

Housing: Shared Interests in Health and Development

Social Determinants of Health: Sectoral Briefing Series 1 by Rdiger Krech, Henk Bekedam, Daniel Albrecht et al. WHO Headquarters in partnership with the Regional Office for the Western Pacific, November 2011 30 pp. 707 kB: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241502290_eng.pdf Health practitioners are frequently perceived as ignoring other sectors goals and challenges. This creates barriers to intersectoral work, limiting its sustainability and expansion. In order to avoid this perception, instead of starting from the goals of the health system (e.g. health, health equity, responsiveness, fairness in financial contributions), this Series focuses on the goals of other sectors. Rather than concentrating on traditional public health interventions (e.g. treatment, prevention, protection), the Series uses the goals of other sectors to orient its analysis and explore areas of mutual interest.

JOB OPPORTUNITIES
Clinical lecturer - social determinants of health Non-clinical senior lecturer / lecturer - health systems
The Centre for Primary Care and Public Health at Queen Mary University of London wishes to recruit two outstanding academics (1.5 posts FTE) to contribute to its new initiative in global health education. Three new MSc programmes will be offered in international primary health care, global public health and policy, and health systems and global policy. They are part of initiatives in both global medical education in the Barts & The London Medical School, and in greater involvement in the health needs of the East London population. Candidates will have an excellent understanding of the social determinants of health and health inequalities and/or health systems and public policy. They may come from different specialisms including epidemiology, statistics, health systems, health economics, the political economy of healthcare, or healthcare management. Full details can be found at: http://webapps.qmul.ac.uk/hr/vacancies/jobs.php?id=2683 and http://www.blizard.qmul.ac.uk/study Informal enquiries should be addressed to HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 21

Prof Allyson Pollock: mailto:a.pollock@qmul.ac.uk Prof Trish Greenhalgh: mailto:p.greenhalgh@qmul.ac.uk Closing date: 09 December 2011

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES
The European Portal for Action on Health Inequalities
Good Practice Database EuroHealth Net, 2011 http://www.healthinequalities.eu/HEALTHEQUITY/EN/good_practice_database/ The new website is an exhaustive source of information on health inequalities at EU, national and regional level, on social determinants of health and on Health in All Policies. It provides visitors over 300 examples of policies and good practices implemented at EU, national and regional level. Additionally it gives access to a wide range of useful health inequality tools and resources. ***

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries

Volume 5, No. 11: November 2011 The Journal has just published its latest issue at: http://www.jidc.org/index.php/journal You are invited to read the Table of Contents and the web site to see articles and items of interest and download them for free. ***

Newsletter of the Public Health Association of South Africa

November 2011 http://www.phasa.org.za/ In light of the recent UN meeting on Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), this newsletter includes articles and news items focussing on NCDs. In addition it reports on the latest developments in public health (PHC re-engineering, Human Resources for Health), as well as recent activities that the Public Health Association of South Africa (PHASA) is involved in (tobacco control, health promotion foundation).

INTERESTING WEB SITES

Womens Global Network for Reproductive Rights (WGNRR)
http://www.wgnrr.org/ WGNRR is a southern-based global network that builds and strengthens movements for sexual and reproductive health, rights (SRHR) and justice. Their work is grounded in the realities of those who most lack economic, social and political power. WGNRR works to realise the full sexual and reproductive health and rights of all people, with a particular focus on the most marginalised. They HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 22

believe that achieving this goal requires transformative social change. ***

EngagingMen.Net
http://www.engagingmen.net/ EngagingMen.Net is an interactive website for people around the world committed to gender justice and ending violence against women. It is designed for practitioners, policymakers, academics, and all who are interested in working with women and men in partnership for gender equality and addressing the negative consequences of unequal power relationships. ***

The International Aid Transparency Initiative

http://www.aidtransparency.net/ The International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI) aims to make information about aid spending easier to find, use and compare. Those involved in aid programmes will be able to better track what aid is being used for and what it is achieving. This stretches from taxpayers in donor countries, to those in developing countries who benefit from aid. Improving transparency also helps governments in developing countries manage aid more effectively. ***

AidData 2.0
http://www.aiddata.org/ AidData launched its new and improved website, featuring more content and new data and marking an expansion in the programs mission and scope. The new website highlights innovative projects to find new ways of gathering, managing, and visualizing development finance information, such as geocoding and crowdsourcing. Maps that show the geographical distribution of specific donor-funded activities offer a powerful way to help decision makers and citizens ask the right questions about aid allocation and effectiveness. ***

Southern Africa HIV/AIDS Regional Exchange (SHARE) Portal

http://www.hivsharespace.net SHARE provides free collaboration tools and a platform on which people communicate, share and access information to enhance their skills, knowledge and work. In addition to the SHARE groups, the site now hosts information resources contributed by users, links to expert-vetted content (eToolkits), online discussions, links to free eLearning courses, and more... ***

HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 23

TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
Diploma in Reproductive Health in Developing Countries
9 January - 30 March 2012 Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom Course Content: Concepts of SRH and MNH, safe motherhood and strategies to improve MNH and reduce maternal, perinatal and neonatal mortality, including in particular key strategies as skilled attendance at birth and emergency obstetric care (selection). Target Audience: Health care providers, such as nurses, midwives, clinical officers, doctors, obstetricians. Language: English; Fees: GBP 2,750 Entry Requirements: IELTS or TOEFL For more information contact: Katie Douglas Tel.: +44-151-705-3321 mailto:c.e.douglas@liv.ac.uk or see: http://www.lstmliverpool.ac.uk/learning--teaching/lstm-courses/professional-diplomas/drh
***

E-learning course: Basics of Health Economics

Duration and course load: 5 Weeks - 8 to 10 hours per week Dates: January 18 - February 2, 2012 Application deadline: December 28, 2011(applications after the deadline will not be accepted) Participants: (Health) Professionals Course fee: US$ 500 Organizers: The World Bank Institute Language: English only General course contact: Jo Hindriks at jhindriks@worldbank.org For more information please go to the website: http://einstitute.worldbank.org/ei/course/basics-health-economics ***

Health Systems through Conflict and Recovery

16 27 April, 2012 Scuola Superiore SantAnna, Pisa, Italy The volatility and complexity of conflict and post-conflict contexts pose daunting challenges to health workers both national and international who are called to rehabilitate derelict health structures. Lack of properly prepared professionals in this field has often resulted in reconstruction efforts characterized by weak analysis, little understanding, inadequate planning and poor implementation. This training programme intends to alleviate this gap. The Course is taught in English. It is mainly intended for health professionals working in the field, but is also open to other professionals working in (or preparing to join) development co-operation or humanitarian assistance programmes.

HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 24

For any additional information see the course web site: http://www.sssup.it/context.jsp?ID_LINK=10018&id_context=21313&page=1 or download the course brochure (2 pp. 599 kB): http://www.sssup.it/UploadDocs/11796_Brochure_HSCR_2012.pdf ***

Course on Anaesthesia for Developing Countries

22nd - 27th January, 2012 University of Oxford - Kampala, Uganda Course Content: Draw-over anaesthesia, ketamine, disaster planning, economics of anaesthesia, planning anaesthetic services, anaesthetic experience in five continents. Language: English For more information contact: PatMillard Tel.: +44-1865-221-590 mailto:pat.millard@nda.ox.ac.uk or see: http://www.nda.ox.ac.uk/announcements/anaesthesia-in-developing-countries/anaesthesiafor-developing-countries

For more courses and conferences see also: http://www.going-international.at/index.php?lang=EN

CARTOON
Wireless technology

TIPS & TRICKS

Run As Administrator - Keyboard Shortcut
It is a fact that sometimes a programme in Windows needs Administrator Rights to HESP-News & Notes - 24/2011 - page 25

open up. Thankfully Windows 7 and Vista added a feature that when you right-click on certain programmes, you will automatically have the option to Run as Administrator. You can also just hold Ctrl+Shift while left clicking on a programme to achieve the same effect. Save yourself a little bit of extra time and just hold Ctrl+Shift when you click on something that needs Administrator Rights to open.

***

Restore Last Tab in your Browser

This might have happened to you a lot more than you would like to admit: you were browsing around with about a million tabs open, and for some reason you would decide that closing some of them would be a good idea. As it turns out, you actually needed that last tab, but instead of cursing and throwing a fit of lament, you should remember this handy key combination: Just click Ctrl+Shift+T and your last closed tab will open up! This works in Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome and Internet Explorer. Give it a try next time you accidentally close a tab you needed. ***

Send a SMS via E-mail

Like it or not, texting has become a necessity of modern communication. The good news is that you no longer have to press teeny-tiny keys or unresponsive touchscreens anymore with this handy tip. First, use this Wikipedia entry to find the SMS gateway for the cellular service you are trying to send a message to. Now, open your e-mail up and put the persons number, followed by the SMS gateway you found into the To: field:

After that, just put your subject in and write your message as usual and hit send. Voila! Instant text-messaging without all the hassle.

Best regards, Dieter Neuvians MD

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