clavobrachialis Origin: clavicle Insertion: proximal end of ulna Function: draws humerus craniad pectoantebrachialis Origin: manubrium Insertion:

fascia of forlimb near the elbow Function: adducts and rotates the forelimb pectoralis major Origin: cranial sternebrae Insertion: proximal half of humerus Function: adducts and rotates the forelimb pectoralis minor Origin: caudal sternebrae Insertion: proximal half of humerus Function: adducts and rotates the forelimb xiphihumeralis Origin: xiphoid process Insertion: proximal end of humerus Function: adducts and rotates the forelimb acromiodeltoid Origin: acromion process of scapula Insertion: humerus Function: flexes and rotates humerus acromiotrapezius Origin: nerual spines of cervical and first thoracic vertebrae Insertion: metacromion process and spine of scapula Function: draws scapula dorsally and medially clavotrapezius Origin: nuchal line of skull and dorsal midline of neck Insertion: clavicle Function: draws humerus craniad infraspinatus

Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerous Function: rotates the humerus latissiums dorsi Origin: lumbodorsal fascia and neural spines of the last thoracic and lumbar vertebrae Insertion: medial surface of humerus Function: elevates the arm and draws it caudad levator scapulae ventralis Origin: occipital bone and transverse process of atlas Insertion: metacromion process Function: dras scapula craniad rhomboideus Origin: nerual spines of thoracic vertebrae Insertion: ventral border of scapula Function: draws scapula dorsally rhomboideus capitis Origin: superior nuchal line Insertion: angle of scapula Function: draws scapula craniad spinodeltoid Origin: spine of the scapula Insertion: deltoid ridge of the humerus Function: elevates and rotates the humerus spinotrapezius Origin: neural spines of the thoracic vertebrae Insertion: fascia around scapula Function: draws scapula dorsally and caudad splenius Origin: mid-corsal fascia of the neck Insertion: nuchal line Function: turns and elevates head supraspinatus Origin: supraspinous fossa Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerus Function: extends the humerus

teres minor Origin: axillary border of scapula Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerus Function: rotates humerus external intercostal Origin: rib Insertion: rib Function: draws ribs craniad external oblique Origin: lumbodorsal fascia and ribs Insertion: aponeurosis on the linea alba Function: compresses abdominal viscera internal intercostal Origin: rib Insertion: rib Function: draws ribs caudad internal oblique Origin: pelvis and lumbodorsal fascia Insertion: aponeurosis on the linea alba Function: compresses abdominal viscera rectus abdominus Origin: pubic symphysis Insertion: sternum and costal cartilages Function: flexes trunk and compresses abdominal viscera transversus Origin: ilium, lumbar vertebrae, and posterior ribs Insertion: linia alba Function: compresses abdominal viscera cleidomastoid Origin: clavicle Insertion: mastoid process Function: rotates head

cricothyroid Origin: cricoid cartilage Insertion: thyroid cartilage Function: moves the larynx digastric Origin: mastoid and jugular processes of occipital Insertion: mandible Function: depresses the lower jaw geniohyoid Origin: mandible Insertion: hyoid Function: draws hyoid craniad hyoglossus Origin: hyoid Insertion: tongue Function: retracts the tongue mylohyoid Origin: mandible Insertion: median raphe Function: elevates floor of mouth sternohyoid Origin: manubrium of sternum Insertion: hyoid Function: draws hyoid caudad sternomastoid Origin: manubrium of sternum Insertion: lamboidal ridge of mastoid process Function: rotates head sternothyroid Origin: manubrium of sternum Insertion: thyroid cartilage Function: draws larynx caudad thyrohyoid Origin: thyroid cartilage Insertion: hyoid Function: draws larynx craniad

masseter Origin: zygomatic arch Insertion: mandible Function: elevates lower jaw temporalis Origin: lamboidal crest and zygomatic process of frontal bone Insertion: coronoid process of mandible Function: elevates lower jaw scalenus Origin: ribs Insertion: cervical vertebrae Function: flexes neck & draws ribs craniad serratus ventralis Origin: first ten ribs Insertion: vertebral border of scapula Function: draws scapula ventrally and craniad subscapularis Origin: subscapular fossa Insertion: lesser tuberosity of humerus Function: draws humerus medially teres major Origin: axillary border of scapula Insertion: medial surface of humerus Function: draws humerus medially transversus costarum Origin: sternum Insertion: first rib Function: draws sternum craniad biceps brachii Origin: border of glenoid fossa Insertion: tuberosity of radius Function: flexes forearm brachialis

Origin: lateral surface of humerus Insertion: below semilunar notch of ulna Function: flexes forearm epitrochlearis Origin: lateral surface of latissimus dorsi Insertion: olecranon process of ulna Function: rotates ulna trieps brachii Origin: shaft of humerus Insertion: olecranon process of ulna Function: extends forearm lateral head of triceps brachii Origin: deltoid ridge of humerus Insertion: olecranon process Function: extends forearm medial of triceps brachii Origin: axillary border of scapula Insertion: olecranon process Function: extends forearm long head of triceps brachii Origin: humerus Insertion: olecranon process Function: extends forearm biceps femoris Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: proximal third of tibia Function: flexes the leg caudofemoralis Origin: proximal caudal vertebrae Insertion: patella Function: abducts thigh

gluteus maximus

Origin: last sacral and first caudal vertebra Insertion: fascia lata Function: abducts thigh gluteus medius Origin: iliac crest, sacral, and first caudal vertebra Insertion: greater trochanter of femur Function: abducts thigh tensor fasciae latae Origin: ilium Insertion: fascia lata Function: extends the fascia lata adductor femoris Origin: pubic symphysis Insertion: ventral surface of femur Function: adducts thigh adductor longus Origin: pubic symphysis Insertion: femur Function: adducts thigh gracilis Origin: pubic symphysis Insertion: fascia of lower thigh Function: adducts thigh rectus femoris Origin: ilium Insertion: patella Function: extends lower leg sartorius Origin: iliac crest Insertion: patella and proximal tibia Function: adducts and rotates thigh semimembranosus Origin: ischium Insertion: tibia Function: flexes lower leg

vastus intermedius Origin: femur Insertion: patella Function: extends lower leg vastus lateralis Origin: femur Insertion: patella Function: extends lower leg vastus medialis Origin: femur Insertion: patella Function: extends lower leg extensor digitorum longus Origin: lateral epicondyle of femur Insertion: digits II-V Function: extends digits gastrocnemius Origin: femur and tendon of plantaris Insertion: calcaneum Function: extends foot peroneus group Origin: fibula Insertion: metatarsals Function: some flex foot, some extend foot