BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

(January-March, 2011)

QUARTERLY REPORT

PAKISTAN COUNCIL OF RESEARCH IN WATER RESOURCES

Ministry of Science & Technology
Khyban-e-johar, H-8/1, Islamabad. www.pcrwr.gov.pk

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

INTRODUCTION
Drinking water quality is deteriorating continually due to biological contamination from human waste, chemical pollutants from industries and agricultural inputs. Piped water also gets contaminated because pipes are laid very close to sewerage lines or open drains and cause many serious water borne diseases. It was found that 45% of infant deaths have been attributed to diarrhea and about 60% to overall infectious waterborne diseases in Pakistan. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 25-30% of the diseases are gastro-intestinal in nature. The poor quality of drinking water has forced a large crosssection of citizens to buy bottled water. As a consequence of this expanding market a mushroom growth of bottled water industry in the country is witnessed during the last few years. However, many of the mineral water companies were found selling contaminated water. To monitor and improve the quality of bottled water, the government of Pakistan has designated the PCRWR as focal point agency. 1. Ministry of Science & Technology informed PCRWR Vide U.O. No. 5(21)/2004-ATA-II dated 17.10.2005 that the Cabinet in its meeting under the chairmanship of Prime Minister directed Ministry of Science & Technology to undertake regular survey/samples of bottled/mineral water at source of production, publicize the results on a quarterly basis and follow up with punitive/legal action. 2. Ministry of Science & Technology has assigned the task of quality monitoring of bottled water and publicize the results to PCRWR Vide U.O. No.1(1)/2005-Secy (MoST) dated 8.12.2005.

PCRWR SAMPLING METHODOLOGY

No. of Brands Collected No. of Cities Targeted 69 16 (Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Bahawalpur, Faisalabad, D.G Khan, Multan, Sargodha, Sialkot, Sahiwal, Peshawar, Quetta, Karachi, Nawabshah, Badin and Tando Jam.) One Research Officer and Two Laboratory Assistants Samples of sixty nine commercially available brands of mineral/bottled water were collected from sixteen cities of four Provinces of Pakistan These samples were collected by the senior staff members of Head Office and Regional Offices of PCRWR from January-March, 2011. A set of four bottles of each brand was collected and sealed on site. Identification codes are allotted to all the brands according to PCRWR Bottled Water Classification System. Sample No. 1 Handed over to shopkeeper at the time of sample collection; Sample No. 2 Preserved in the National Water Quality Laboratory of PCRWR, Islamabad for future record, Sample No. 3 Used for Microbiological Analysis Sample No. 4 Used for Physico-chemical Analysis

Composition of Sampling Team Sampling Procedure

Transparency

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

PCRWR BOTTLED WATER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

Sr. No Brand Name PCRWR Code City Date of Collectio n Date of Expiry Claimed Bottled Water Type Size Name & Address of Seller/Shop Keeper AlFajer Deptt, Store, Jail Road, Faisalabad Hafiz PanShop. Lari Adda, Androon Faisalabad Manufacturer Nestle Pakistan Ltd 308 Upper Mall Lahore 54000. Coca Cola Beverages Pakistan Ltd. D51 Estate Avenue. S.I.T.E. Karachi Filled by Punjab Beverages Company (Pvt) Ltd. P-1590 Nisar Colony Samundari Road Faisalabad. Springley a brand of Qarshi Industries.( Pvt) Ltd. Hattar ( KPK) Pakistan NXT International, P-4 Street # 2 Yousaf Town No. 1 Satyana Road Faisalabad Excellent Natural Faisalabad. Hamza Brothers, 9-Km, G.T Road Rachna Town Shahdera Lahore. Phone # 042-37723261 Manufactured by D.R Homeo Pharma Lahore.

Nestle

BWO-1

Faisalabad

18-01-11

06/2012

1.5 Liter

Kinely

BWO-2

Faisalabad

18-01-11

10/2011

1.5 Liter

Aquafina

BWO-3

Faisalabad

18-01-11

12/2011

1.5 Liter

Raza Bakers Afshan Colony Faisalabad

Springley

BWO-4

Faisalabad

18-01-11

04/2012

1.5 Liter

Raza Bakers Afshan Colony Faisalabad Hafiz PanShop. Lari Adda, Androon Faisalabad Madina Medical Store Civil Hospital Faisalabad. Naeem Pan Shop Lari Adda Inner Faisalabad Mr. Aziz-urRehman, City Linker Ansari Store Tonsa Road D.G Khan Mr. Muhammad Imran, Imran Keryana Store, Traffic Chowk Main City D.G Khan Mr. Sheikh Noman, Al Kareem Medical Store, Near Distric Hospital Rajanpur Road D.G

Well-O

BWO-5

Faisalabad

18-01-11

09/2012

1.5 Liter

Natural Excellent

BWO-6

Faisalabad

18-01-11

08/2012

1.5 Liter

Nation

BWO-7

Faisalabad

18-01-11

12/2011

1.5 Liter

Aqua Life

BWO-8

D.G Khan

13-01-11

12/2010

0.6 Liter

Kisan Better Life

BWO-9

D.G Khan

13-01-11

12/2011

1.5 Liter

Bottled by Faisalabad Oil Refinery Drinking Water Devision.

10

Minra

BWO-10

D.G Khan

13-01-11

06/2011

1.5 Liter

Head Office QEnterprises Indus Highway D.G. Khan.

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

11

Khaleej

BWO-11

D.G Khan

13-01-11

1.5 Liter

12

Aqua RO 7

BWO-12

Lahore

20-01-11

01/2012

1.5 Liter

13

Klinz

BWO-13

Lahore

20-01-11

12/2011

1.5 Liter

14

Premier

BWO-14

Lahore

19-01-11

12/2011

1.5 Liter

15

Naimat

BWO-15

Lahore

19-01-11

0.6 Liter

16

Blu Water

BWO-16

Lahore

19-01-11

10/2011

1.5 Liter

17

Aqua National

BWO-17

Lahore

19-01-11

03/2012

1.5 Liter

Khan Mr. Ijaz Ahmad, AlRehman Karyana Store, Puldot, Rajanpur Road D.G Khan Waqar Haider Brothers Qadir Gaba Market 78 Macleod Road Lahore. Factory:Hssan Kot, 75 Raiwind Lahore Klinz Food (Pvt) Ltd. 60-L Model Town Ext. Lahore. Phone 3 04235218811 Zafir Industries 19Km Near Hignoon Laboratories Multan Road Lahore Boby Plaza Compound, Opp. Govt. Munshi Hospital Bund Road Lahore. Mohsin Cold Corner Lari Adda Adjacent Administrator Badami Bagh LHR Bismillah Cold Corner Lari Adda Adjacent Administrator Badami Bagh LHR Cakes Bakes Niazi LHR n Near Adda

Plot No. 701, 2, 3 Shah Murad Road Thatta.

Manufactured by Waqar Haider Brothers Qadir Gaba Market 78 Macleod Road Lahore. Factory:Hssan Kot, 75 Raiwind Lahore. Klinz Food (Pvt) Ltd. 60-L Model Town Ext. Lahore. Phone 3 042-35218811. Zafir Industries 19- Km Near Hignoon Laboratories Multan Road Lahore Boby Plaza Compound, Opp. Govt. Munshi Hospital Bund Road Lahore. AlHilal Industries 9Pvt0 Ltd. Sultan Nagar Vehari Road Multan. 8 Km, G-T Road Shahdera Lahore 0333457000. Hadayat Food Stuffs Industries (Pvt) Ltd I-B, Garden Block Garden Town Lahore. 96, Mcleod Road Lahore. 160-E, Plastic Dana Market Shah Alam Market Lahore. 25-Y Tariq Bin Ziad Colony Sahiwal. Phone # 040-4220350

18

Sufi

BWO-18

Lahore

19-01-11

07/2011

1.5 Liter

19

Aqua Safe

BWO-19

Lahore

19-01-11

1.5 Liter

20

Active

BWO-20

Lahore

19-01-11

1.5 Liter

21

Pan Pura

BWO-21

Bahawalpur

12-01-11

12/2010

0.6 Liter

Papu General store Clifton Mr. Ghulam Rasool Masha-Allah Pan Shop Near Niazi Express Mr. Muhammad Ather, Mehmood

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

22

Pineo

BWO-22

Bahawalpur

12-01-11

08/12011

0.6 Liter

23

Avisa

BWO-23

Bahawalpur

12-01-11

04/2011

0.6 Liter

Medical Store, Opposite BVH Bahawalpur Mr. M. Latif Life Medicin Company, opposite BVH Bahawalpur. Mr. M. Adnan, New Shan Sweets and Backers Railway Station Chowk Bahawalpur.

Under the Licence of Gysing Pak DDR-1, PSIE Bahawalpur

Fun Factory C18 Al-Hilal Society, Karachi

24 25

Aqua Feen Lite Aqua

BWO-24 BWO-25

Multan Multan

07/2011 -

0.6 Liter 0.6 Liter -

26

Legend

BWO-26

Multan

12/2012

0.6 Liter

27

Aqua Habib

BWO-27

Multan

0.6 Liter

28

Selina

BWO-28

Multan

12/2011

0.6 Liter

Chongi No. 7 City Square Multan. 03006355316 Multifoods Industries, Plot No. D-92, Malir Industrial Area, Malir Karachi. 021-4324531-3, 0306-2996396, 0244-274158 Soft Water Technology, Plot # 4-A 4/19 Nazimabad No. 4 Karachi. Al-Mansoor, Consumer Products, 7Km, Multan Road, Sahiwal Pakistan Agro Food Ind. 173/A, Small Industrial Area Sahiwal Pakistan PVC limited Plot # 31A Sector 1-9 Islamabad 167 Street # 9, Industrial AREA I-10/3 Islamabad. Plot # 195 Street No. 2 I-9/3 Islamabad. 208 Billys Tower Rashid Minhas Road Karachi Phone# 02136324465 424, Bhayani Center Block M

29

Vital

BWO-29

Sahiwal

26-01-11

0.6 Liter

30

Clear

BWO-30

Sahiwal

26-01-11

12/2011

0.6 Liter

31

Hydra

BWO-31

Islamabad

02-02-11

6 Liters

32

Life

BWO-32

Islamabad

02-02-11

02/2012

0.6 Liter

33

Pak zam zam

BWO-33

Islamabad

02-02-11

1.5 Liter

34

Spring Fresh

BWO-34

Karachi

28-01-11

12/2012

1.5 Liter

35

Vey

BWO-35

Karachi

28-01-11

12/2012

0.6 Liter

Al-Mansoor, Consumer Products, 7Km, Multan Road, Sahiwal Pakistan Mr. Ashraf, Agro Food Ind. 173/A, Small Industrial Area Sahiwal Pakistan PVC limited Plot # 31A Sector 1-9 Islamaba 167 Street # 9, Industrial AREA I-10/3 Islamabad Plot # 195 Street No. 2 I-9/3 Islamabad. Mr. Qurban, A-One Milk Shope, Block4A, Abdul Hassan, Isfahani Road, Karachi Mr. Shakeel Medina

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

36

Sun Lay

BWO-36

Karachi

28-01-11

0.6 Liter

37

Max Fresh

BWO-37

Karachi

28-01-11

0.6 Liter

38

Glow

BWO-38

Karachi

28-01-11

0.6 Liter

39

Jel

BWO-39

Karachi

28-01-11

12/2012

0.6 Liter

40

Aqua Nasa

BWO-40

Karachi

28-01-11

0.6 Liter

41

Marjan

BWO-41

Karachi

28-01-11

0.6 Liter

42

Aqua Vie

BWO-42

Karachi

28-01-11

1.5 Liter

43

Zindigi plus

BWO-43

Karachi

28-01-11

12/2013

1.5 Liter

General Store, Block 03 Gulstan-eJohar Mr. Muhammad Afzal, Bismillah Bakery & General Store Maryam Manzil M. Khan Jamot Road Nayabad, Karachi Mr. Ammanullah, Mashallah Store, Block13 Gulistan-eJohar. Karachi Iqbal Kiryana Store, Gali # 1 Liaquat Colony, Shah Waliullah Road Lyari, Karachi Mr. Muhammad Afzal, Bismillah Bakery & General Store Maryam ManzilM. Khan Jamot Road Nayabad, Karachi Mr. Dilbar Hussain, G-3 Bell Arcade Gulstan-eJohar University Road Karachi Mushtaq Bakers and General Store, Gali # 2, Shawaliullah Road Niazabad, Layari Karachi Mr. Rizwan, Rizwan Milk Shop Block-13 Gulistan-eJohar. Karachi Mr Hizbullah. Iqbalkiryana store, Gali # 1Liaqat colony shah wali Ullah road

North Nazimabad Karachi 74700 Pakistan

Hani Patel Enterprise R-82 Sector 35, University Road Karachi.

Mah Enterprises, A-190, Panama Shoping Center Hasan Squair Karachi.

nd

1/6 M 2 Block P.E.C.H.S Karachi.

floor 6

Multifoods Industries Plot No. D-92, Malir Industrial area Karachi.

Plot No. C-11 Gulzar-e- Hizri Scheme33 Gulistan Town Karachi. 0214641829.

Plot # AK 68 S-2 Lyari Town Karachi.

SK Enterprises Karachi

Soft Water Technology, Plot # 4-A 4/19 Nazimabad No. 4 Karachi.

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

44

Liza

BWO-44

Karachi

28-01-11

11/2011

1.5 Liter

45

A-ONE

BWO-45

Rawalpindi

02.02.11

12/2011

1.5 Liter

46

Tahoor

BWO-46

Quetta

24-01-11

1.5 Liter

47

Aqua Hygienic

BWO-47

Quetta

24-01-11

10/2011

1.5 Liter

48

First Water

BWO-48

Quetta

24-01-11

04/2012

1.5 Liter

49

Asal Pio Na

BWO-49

Quetta

24-01-11

09/2012

1.5 Liter

layari Karachi. Mashallah Crockery and General Store, Block-12 Gulstan-eJohar Karachi. Plot No.152 street No.8 AlNoor Colony RWP New Sammad Medical Store, Opposite Civil Casualty, M.A Jinnah Road Quetta New Medical Store Opposite Civil Casualty, M.A Jinnah Road Quetta Kausar Medical Store, Opposite Civil Casualty, M.A Jinnah Road Quetta Bukhara Medical Store, Opposite Civil Casualty, M.A Jinnah Road Quetta Abdul Rahim. Abdul Rahim super & super store nawa hut bazaar Tando jam. Mr, Rehmat. New Rehmat sweet & bakers nawa hut bazaar Tando jam. Tariq Ahmed. Al Aziz medical store Tando jam. Mr. Rehmat, New Rehmat Sweets Nawa Hut Bazaar Tandojam Mr. Rehmat, New Rehmat Sweets Nawa Hut Bazaar Tandojam Shakeel Ahmad Service Road Haji Camp

Filled by Miracle Laboratories.

Plot No.152 street No.8 AlNoor Colony RWP A.S Enterprises, Plot # 518-519 Block-36 Defense Garden D.H.A Phase I Karachi Marketed by Zahras Pvt Ltd. A-one City Street # 7 Brewery Road Quetta D-38, S.I.T.E. Karachi 75700 Phone, 0212573605-9 Tower MARKET Hakim Habib Road Hyderabad, 0300-3032505 Pakistan Mineral Water Bottling Plant (Pvt) Ltd 185/G Road L-9 Garden Industrial Estate, KPK. Head Office USA, Karachi 092-216377654, Hyderabad, 092222783582-3 Korangi Industrial Area 8 Karachi Marketed by U.N Brothers, S.I.T.E Karachi Tower MARKET Hakim Habib Road Hyderabad, G.T Road Nasir Pura Peshawar Cell # 0334913184

50

Ab-e-Hayat

BWO-50

Tamdo Jam

03-02-11

0.5 Liter

51

Hyderopsy

BWO-51

Tamdo Jam

03-02-11

02/2012

0.6 Liter

52

Kerry

BWO-52

Tamdo Jam

03-02-11

06/2011

--

0.6 Liter

53

Via

BWO53

Tamdo Jam

03-02-11

12/2011

0.6 Liter

54

Noble

BWO-54

Tando Jam

03-02-11

0.6 Liter

55

Aqua Sure

BWO-55

Peshawar

20-01-11

2012

0.6 Liter

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

56

Khyber Aqua

BWO-56

Peshawar

20-01-11

12/2011

0.6 Liter

57

Natural Aqua

BWO-57

Peshawar

20-01-11

07/2011

0.6 Liter

58

Sparklet

BWO-58

Peshawar

20-01-11

10/2011

1.5 Liter

59

Nectar Splash Dew

BWO-59

Islamabad

08-02-11

11/2012

1.5 Liter

60

BWO-60

Islamabad

08-02-11

06/2011

1.5 Liter

61

Good Ly

BWO-61

Badin

08-02-11

12/2011

0.6 Liter

62

Khush Abb

BWO-62

Sargodha

07-02-11

0.6 Liter

63

Gourmet

BWO-63

Sargodha

07-02-11

05/2011

0.5 Liter

64

Morning Mist

BWO-64

Sargodha

07-02-11

04/2011

1.5 Liter

65

Aqua Save

BWO-65

Sialkot

10-02-11

05/2011

1.5 Liter

1.5 Liter 66 Al-Shalal BWO-66 Sialkot 10-02-11 0.6 Liter 67 Isberg BWO-67 Sialkot 10-02-11 1/2012 0.6 Liter 68 69 Eco Water Aqua One BWO-68 BWO-69 Sialkot Sialkot 10-02-11 10-02-11 5/2011 05/2012 0.6 Liter

Adda Peshawar Sonrana General Store, Ph IV, Opp. HMC,Hayatab ad Peshawar Avion Super Store University Town Peshawar Yasir General Store Phase II Chowke Peshawar Plot No 14/10 Markaz G-7 Islamabad Plot # 139, I10/3 Islamabad Makka Sweets and General Store Gharibabad, Qazia Pul, Badin University Pharmacy, Sargodha Bismillah Medical Store Sargodha, 0300-4753712 Muhammad Aslam, Lari Adder Sargodha. 0343-5991598 SFS Mineral Water Company Waziraabad Road Julianwala Ugoki Sailkot 14 Km Seokay Adda Emanabad Road Sialkot Dhobola Roadras Road Sialkot Roras Road Naul Chowk Sialkot Talen Sport Adda Sialkot

H-47, St. 3 1 Eidgah Colony Charsadda Road Peshawar. Nasir Bagh Road University Board Peshawar, 0915840171 64-Khayaban-eSuharwardy G6/4 Islamabad Plot No 14/10 Markaz G-7 Islamabad Plot # 139, I-10/3 Islamabad

Good Ly Karachi Pakistan

University Sargodha

of

1-5 Sunder Industrial Estate , Lahore M/S Hashwi International Awan Height 7-8 Railway Road Sargodha SFS Mineral Water Company Waziraabad Road Julianwala Ugoki Sailkot 14 Km Seokay Adda Emanabad Road Sialkot Premier Water Refining Company Sialkot Roras Road Naul Chowk Sialkot Daska Road Sialkot

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS AND METHODS USED FOR ANALYSIS

Sr. # 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. PARAMETERS Alkalinity (m.mol/l as CaCO3) Arsenic (ppb) Bicarbonate Calcium (mg/l) Carbonate (mg/l) Chloride (mg/l) Color (TCU) Conductivity (S/cm) Hardness (mg/l) Magnesium (mg/l) Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/l) Odor pH Potassium (mg/l) Sodium (mg/l) Sulfate (mg/l) Phosphate (mg/l) Taste TDS (mg/l) Turbidity (NTU) Fluoride (mg/l) Iron (mg/l) Total Coliform (MPN/100ml) E. Coli (MPN/100ml) Total Plate Count (TPC) (CFU/ml) ANALYTICAL METHOD 2320, Standard method (1992) AAS Vario 6, Analytik Jena AG 2320, Standard method (1992) 3500-Ca-D, Standard Method (1992) 2320, Standard method (1992) Titration (Silver Nitrate), Standard Method (1992) Sensory Test E.C meter, Hach-44600-00, USA EDTA Titration, Standard Method (1992) 2340-C, Standard Method (1992) Cd. Reduction (Hach-8171) by Spectrophotometer Sensory Test pH Meter, Hanna Instrument, Model 8519, Italy Flame photometer PFP7, UK Flame photometer PFP7, UK SulfaVer4 (Hach-8051) by Spectrophotometer 8190 and 8048 (Hach) Sensory Test 2540C, Standard method (1992) Turbidity Meter, Lamotte, Model 2008, USA 4500-F C. ion-Selective Electrode Method Standard method (1992) FerroVer method (HACH Cat. 21057-69) 9221-B,Multiple tube fermentation Technique, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water 9221-E,Multiple tube fermentation Technique, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water 9215-B, Heterotrophic Plate Count. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water

WATER QUALITY PERMISSIBLE LIMITS FOR BOTTLED WATER

Sr. # 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 11. Parameter Alkalinity Bicarbonate Calcium Carbonate Chloride Co lour Conductivity Fluoride Hardness Iron Magnesium Units (m.mol/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (TCU) (S/cm) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) WHO NGVS NGVS NGVS NGVS 250 15 NGVS 1.5 NGVS 0.3 NGVS Permissible Limits IBWA PSQCA NGVS NGVS NGVS NGVS NGVS 100 NGVS NGVS 250 250 NGVS 5 NGVS NGVS 3 0.7 NGVS NGVS 0.3 0.3 NGVS 50 January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

Odor Nitrate-N pH Potassium Sodium Sulfate Taste TDS Turbidity Phosphate Arsenic Total Coliform E-Coli Total Plate Count

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (NTU) (mg/l) ppb MPN/100ml MPN/100ml CFU/ml

Odorless 10 6.5-8.5 NGVS 200 250 Unobject. 1000 5 NGVS 10 0 0 -

NGVS 10 NGVS NGVS NGVS 250 NGVS 500 NGVS NGVS 10 0 0 -

Unobjectionable 10 6.5-8.5 10 50 250 Unobjectionable 500 0.5 NGVS 10 0 0 At 22OC= <100/ml At 35OC=< 20/ml

WHO IBWA PSQCA

World Health Organization International Bottled Water Association Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority

SUMMARY OF RESULTS OF PCRWR MONITORING

CONTAMINANTS OF POTENTIAL CONCERNS FOUND IN BOTTLED WATER BRANDS

Arsenic ( Safe Limit : 10ppb)

Sr. No
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Brand Name
Nation Naimat Aqua National Active Pan Pura Pineo Lite Aqua

Code
BWO-7 BWO-15 BWO-17 BWO-20 BWO-21 BWO-22 BWO-25

City of Manufacturing
Lahore Lahore Lahore Lahore Sahiwal Bahawalpur Multan

Unit
ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Results
39 24 54 24 36 12 13

Sodium ( Safe Limit : 50ppm)

Sr. No
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Brand Name
Nation Aqua Life Klinz Aqua Safe Max Fresh Glow Zindagi Plus Asal Pio na

Code
BWO-7 BWO-8 BWO-13 BWO-19 BWO-37 BWO-38 BWO-43 BWO-49

City of Manufacturing
Lahore Lahore Lahore Lahore Karachi Karachi Karachi Hyderabad

Unit
ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Results
62 84 100 61 68 74 76 135

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) ( Safe Limit : 500ppm) Sr. No Brand Name Code City of Manufacturing
1. Asal Pio na BWO-49 Hyderabad

Unit
ppm

Results
803

Bacteriological ( Safe Limit : Nil )

Sr. No Brand Name Code Results Total Coliforms Fecal Coliforms MPN/100ml MPN/100ml
05 07 Nil Nil

1. 2.

Well-O Natural Excellent

BWO-40 BWO-55

All the bottled/Mineral water brands were also tested for Total Plate Count. The criteria of PSQCA and most of the international bottled water standards is to collect and analyze the samples within12- 24 hours of production and compare the results with the permissible limit for Total Plate Count recommended by PSQCA and other international standards. Out of total 51 brands, 53 brands found beyond the PSQCA limit of 20 CFU /ml for Total Plate Count at 37oC, are listed below:

BACTERIOLOGICAL: (Total Coliforms & Total Plate Count)

Sr. No Brand Name Code Results Total Coliforms Total Plate Count CFU/100ml CFU/ml
Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 37 107 95 97 45 22 88 78 315 245 67 78 145 152 167 52 147 73 127 104 113 39 105 358 76 225 38 January-March, 2011

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

Well-O Natural Excellent Nation Aqua Life Kisan Better Life Minra Aqua RO 7 Klinz Premier Naimat Blu Water Aqua National Aqua Safe Active Pineo Avisa Aqua Feen Lite Aqua Legend Aqua Habib Selina Vital Clear Hydra Life Pak zam zam Spring Fresh

BWO-5 BWO-6 BWO-7 BWO-8 BWO-9 BWO-10 BWO-12 BWO-13 BWO-14 BWO-15 BWO-16 BWO-17 BWO-19 BWO-20 BWO-22 BWO-23 BWO-24 BWO-25 BWO-26 BWO-27 BWO-28 BWO-29 BWO-30 BWO-31 BWO-32 BWO-33 BWO-34

10

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53.

Sun Lay Max Fresh Glow Jel Aqua Nasa Marjan Zindigi plus Liza Tahoor Aqua Hygienic First Water Asal Pio Na Hyderopsy Kerry Via Neble Aqua Sure Khyber Aqua Natural Aqua Nectar Splash Dew Good Ly Aqua Save Al-Shalal Isberg Eco Water

BWO-36 BWO-37 BWO-38 BWO-39 BWO-40 BWO-41 BWO-43 BWO-44 BWO-46 BWO-47 BWO-48 BWO-49 BWO-51 BWO-52 BWO53 BWO-54 BWO-55 BWO-56 BWO-57 BWO-59 BWO-60 BWO-61 BWO-65 BWO-66 BWO-67 BWO-68

Nil Nil Nil Nil 05 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 07 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

143 22 116 285 38 113 34 48 33 22 27 79 207 53 147 97 93 245 23 56 67 97 44 25 32 48

The excessive level of Total Plate Count indicate the overall sanitation quality, water treatment plant efficiency, after growth in transmission lines and the general bacterial composition of source water.(Judith Whittier, 2008). As most of the samples of bottled/mineral water brands were not collected within 12-24 hours of production. Therefore, we have not considered these brands in the category of unsafe bottled water brands. In the same context, the recommendations of Pakistan Standards Quality Control Authority (PSQCA), International Bottled Water Association (IBWA) and European Union are as following: 1. According to Pakistan Standards Quality Control Authority (PSQCA), Ministry of Science and Technology, the limit for Total Plate Count i.e. <100 CFU/ml at 20-22 oC and <20 CFU/ml at 37 oC is subjected to monitor within 12 hours of bottling (Pakistan Standards Specification for Bottled Drinking Water, 3rd Revision). 2. The International Bottled water Association(IBWA) recommends that plants meet a level of <30 cfu/ml at bottling, and <200 cfu/ml in 90% of samples tested 5 days after bottling (NRDC, 2000). 3. The European Union (EU) has adopted an enforceable bottled water standard of 100 colonies per 100 ml (at 22oC) at bottling (NRDC, 2000).

11

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

PCRWR TESTING: SAFE BRANDS

Sr. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. Brand Name
Nestle Kinely Aquafina Springley Well-O Natural Excellent Kisan (Better Life) Minra Khaleej Aqua RO 7 Premier Blu-Water Sufi Avisa Aqua Feen Legend Aqua Habib Selina Vital Clear Hydra Life Pak zam zam Spring Fresh Vey Sun Lay Jel Marjan Aqua Vie Liza A-ONE Tahoor Aqua Hygienic First Water Ab-e- Hayat Hydropsy Kerry Via Neble Khyber Aqua Natural Aqua Sparklet

Code
BWO-1 BWO-2 BWO-3 BWO-4 BWO-5 BWO-6 BWO-9 BWO-10 BWO-11 BWO-12 BWO-14 BWO-16 BWO-18 BWO-23 BWO-24 BWO-26 BWO-27 BWO-28 BWO-29 BWO-30 BWO-31 BWO-32 BWO-33 BWO-34 BWO-35 BWO-36 BWO-39 BWO-41 BWO-42 BWO-44 BWO-45 BWO-46 BWO-47 BWO-48 BWO-50 BWO-51 BWO-52 BWO-53 BWO-54 BWO-56 BWO-57 BWO-58

Quality (Safe/Unsafe) Chemical Microbiological

Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe January-March, 2011

12

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53.

Nectar Splash Dew Good Ly Khush Abb Gourmet Morning Mist Aqua Save Al-Shalal Isberg Eco Water Aqua One

BWO-59 BWO-60 BWO-61 BWO-62 BWO-63 BWO-64 BWO-65 BWO-66 BWO-67 BWO-68 BWO-69

Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe

PCRWR TESTING: UNSAFE BRANDS

Sr. No
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Brand Name
Nation Aqua Life Klinz Naimat Aqua National Aqua Safe Active Pan Pura Pineo Lite Aqua Max Fresh Glow Aqua Nasa Zindagi Plus Asal Pio na Aqua Sure BWO-7 BWO-8 BWO-13 BWO-15 BWO-17 BWO-19 BWO-20 BWO-21 BWO-22 BWO-25 BWO-37 BWO-38 BWO-40 BWO-43 BWO-49 BWO-55

Code

Quality (Safe/Unsafe) Chemical Microbiological

Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Unsafe Safe Unsafe Unsafe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Unsafe Safe Safe Unsafe

MARKET CONSISTENCY IN TWO NEIGHBORING QUARTERS

Sr. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Consistent Brands
Hydra Life Splash Pak Zam Zam Active Premier Kinley Nation Naimat

New Brands
Well-O Natural Excellent Aqua Life Kisan (Better life) Minra Khaleej Aqua RO 7 Klinz Blu Water

Unavailable Brands
Puurle Water Klassic Valley T.W.T HydR-8 IVA Pure Ripple Atlantis Aspen Aqua Piyaas January-March, 2011

13

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

National Springley Sufi Aquafina Nestle Aqua Save Natural Aqwah Khyber Aquah A-One Nectar Pineo Pan Pura Avisa Tahoor Asal Peo na Via Ab-e-Hayat Hydropsy Jel Vey Liza Sun Lay Aqua Vie Spring Fresh Selina Max Fresh

Aqua Safe Aqua Feen Lite Aqua Legend Aqua Habib Vital Clear Glow Aqua Nasa Marjan Zindagi Plus Aqua Hygenic First Water Kerry Neble Aqua Sure Sparklet Good Ly Khush Abb Gourmet Morning Mist Al-Shalal Isberg Eco Water Aqua-one

Standard Pak Life Ab-e-Zain De-Aar Aqua Nas Life Natural Water Al Hayat

DISEASE POTENTIAL FROM CONTAMINATED BOTTLED WATER Sr. No 1. 2. Contaminant Bacteriological Contamination Arsenic Diseases Impacts Cholera, Diarrhea, Dysentery, Hepatitis, Typhoid Cancer (lungs, bladder, skin, prostrate, kidney, nose and liver), diabetes kidney diseases, hypertension, heart diseases, birth defects, black foot diseases. Hypertension Salty or bitter taste

3. 4.

Sodium TDS

14

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

CONCLUSIONS
Sr. No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Item Total No. Brands Collected Overall safe brands No. of overall unsafe brands No. of Chemically safe brands No. of Chemically unsafe brands No. of Microbiologically safe brands No. of Microbiologically unsafe brands No. of Consistent brands in Market No. of brands disappeared from market No. of new brands No. 69 53 16 55 14 67 02 35 16 34 Conclusion % age 77 23 80 20 97 03 51 23 49

Detailed water quality status of each bottled water brand is available at Annexure-1

15

January-March, 2011

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

Annexure-1

Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Bottled/Mineral Water Brands

Brand Name PSQCA Bottled Water Standards Detection Limits Units Brand Code Turbidi ty pH EC TDS Ca Mg Hard HCO3 Cl Na F PO4 Fe K NO3 SO4 As Total Colifor ms 0/100 ml CFU /100ml Fecal Colifor ms 0/100ml Total Plate Count <20 at 37oC CFU /ml

0.5

6.5 8.5 0.02

NGVS

500

100

50

NGVS

NGVS

250

50

0.7

NGVS

0.3

10

10

250

10

0.2 NTU

0.287 S/cm

ppm

2 ppm

1 ppm

5 ppm

5 ppm

2 ppm

1 ppm

0.03 ppm

0.03 ppm

0.03 ppm

0.2 ppm

0.06 ppm

0.4 ppm

0.1 ppb

CFU /100ml

Nestle Kinely Aqua Fina Springley Well-O Natural Excellent Nation Aqua Life Kisan Better Life Minra Khaleej Aqua RO 7 Klinz Premier Naimat Blu Water Aqua National Sufi

BWO-1 BWO-2 BWO-3 BWO-4 BWO-5 BWO-6 BWO-7 BWO-8 BWO-9 BWO-10 BWO-11 BWO-12 BWO-13 BWO-14 BWO-15 BWO-16 BWO-17 BWO-18

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

6.98 6.25 6.99 7.75 7.12 7.03 7.85 7.88 7.43 7.50 7.55 6.90 7.56 7.00 7.89 7.40 7.75 7.65

362 532 212 523 330 356 493 705 500 745 296 357 606 353 322 293 279 339

199 293 117 288 182 196 271 388 275 410 163 196 333 194 177 161 153 186

44 38 2 68 24 20 30 36 66 84 10 36 20 18 30 26 32 42

4 13 12 15 9 5 10 9 4 34 5 7 12 1 11 6 11 5

125 150 55 230 95 70 115 125 180 350 45 120 100 50 120 90 125 125

40 25 15 245 45 45 220 130 30 330 30 35 265 85 145 25 125 30

77 127 24 8 57 66 14 53 126 13 59 66 7 45 10 52 2 71

12 32 17 19 21 37 62 84 12 24 39 15 100 50 19 13 7 9

0.32 BDL BDL 0.08 0.06 0.28 0.04 0.31 0.13 0.17 0.07 BDL 0.18 BDL 0.05 0.17 0.22 BDL

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

0.3 2.1 0.8 1.0 BDL 1.0 2.5 2.1 0.5 6.4 1.5 BDL 2.9 0.3 1.5 0.4 1.6 BDL

BDL BDL BDL 3 0.8 0.7 0.1 BDL BDL BDL 0.4 BDL BDL 0.1 0.2 BDL 0.2 BDL

17 26 50 13 22 17 33 130 6 54 10 24 61 14 11 25 15 14

4 BDL BDL 0.3 BDL 1 39 1 1 2 1 1 9 2 24 0.5 54 0.2

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

0 1 0 0 37 107 95 97 45 22 0 88 78 315 245 67 78 02

The highlighted results indicate the concentration level beyond the PSQCA Bottled Water Standards. January-March, 2011

16

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

Aqua Safe Active Pan Pura Pineo Avisa Aqua Feen Lite Aqua Legend Aqua Habib Selina Vital Clear Hydra Life Pak zam zam Spring Fresh Vey Sun Lay Max Fresh Glow Jel Aqua Nasa Marjan Aqua Vie Zindigi plus Liza A-One Tahoor Aqua Hygienic First Water Asal Pio Na

BWO-19 BWO-20 BWO-21 BWO-22 BWO-23 BWO-24 BWO-25 BWO-26 BWO-27 BWO-28 BWO-29 BWO-30 BWO-31 BWO-32 BWO-33 BWO-34 BWO-35 BWO-36 BWO-37 BWO-38 BWO-39 BWO-40 BWO-41 BWO-42 BWO-43 BWO-44 BWO-45 BWO-46 BWO-47 BWO-48 BWO-49

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

7.48 7.86 7.69 7.68 7.79 7.64 7.51 6.75 6.98 6.90 7.01 6.59 6.59 7.58 6.99 7.09 6.75 6.85 7.15 7.48 6.99 6.78 6.59 7.20 7.00 6.69 6.80 6.87 7.49 7.24 7.97

600 291 368 413 299 389 352 140 376 249 389 400 488 625 300 421 348 76 563 717 139 365 370 145 451 270 306 238 308 317 1339

330 160 202 227 164 214 194 77 207 137 214 220 268 344 165 232 191 42 310 394 76 201 204 80 248 146 168 131 169 174 803

28 22 38 46 38 44 14 8 22 18 38 56 58 76 36 36 32 4 36 46 8 28 22 12 12 6 28 28 30 32 74

19 13 5 12 2 16 6 2 7 11 9 11 18 11 10 12 6 16 2 1 9 5 2 23 15 7 7 7 56

150 110 115 165 105 175 60 30 85 90 130 150 190 265 135 130 130 10 115 180 30 75 90 50 40 110 130 100 105 110 415

85 135 85 145 10 155 110 20 70 25 30 15 240 280 140 120 20 15 70 110 20 25 40 20 115 15 45 30 55 30 150

70 2 39 31 70 15 14 27 43 41 89 104 14 20 12 36 67 16 102 90 27 76 69 27 63 69 48 37 56 61 175

61 16 25 16 3 11 49 16 42 13 16 6 29 33 11 34 5 9 68 74 16 37 30 7 76 5 12 4 16 5 135

0.14 0.43 0.21 0.24 0.09 BDL 0.18 0.13 0.26 0.09 0.23 0.05 0.17 0.30 0.10 0.22 0.05 0.11 0.15 0.30 BDL 0.13 0.18 0.12 0.17 0.06 BDL 0.19 0.14 BDL 0.42

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.03 BDL BDL BDL BDL

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

2.9 1.9 1.5 4.7 2.0 1.5 1.3 1.2 2.9 0.3 2.8 BDL 0.8 1.1 0.4 2.6 7.1 0.6 1.7 6.3 1.2 1.8 3.3 0.3 2.2 0.2 BDL 1.1 0.2 8.2 8.6

BDL 0.1 BDL BDL BDL 3 BDL 2 BDL 0.1 BDL BDL BDL 4 2 4 0.3 BDL 3 0.5 2 0.5 2 BDL 1 BDL 0.3 1 0.2 0.3 1

100 11 33 23 3 21 52 4 52 44 17 10 15 35 9 46 34 3 41 81 4 37 26 8 14 8 28 33 6 23 244

5 24 36 12 0.3 0.5 13 0.16 0.45 BDL 0.5 1 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.3 BDL 0.3 0.2 3 BDL 0.5 BDL 0.3 0.3 BDL 0.2 0.3 BDL BDL 2

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 05 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

145 152 5 167 52 147 73 127 104 113 39 105 358 76 225 38 03 143 22 116 285 38 113 02 34 48 5 33 22 27 79

The highlighted results indicate the concentration level beyond the PSQCA Bottled Water Standards. January-March, 2011

17

PCRWR QUARTERLY REPORT-BOTTLED WATER QUALITY

Ab-e-Hayat Hyderopsy Kerry Via Noble Aqua Sure Khyber Aqua Natural Aqua Spark let Nectar Splash Dew Good Ly Khush Abb Gourmet Morning Mist Aqua Save Al-Shalal Isberg Eco Water Aqua One

BWO-50 BWO-51 BWO-52 BWO-53 BWO-54 BWO-55 BWO-56 BWO-57 BWO-58 BWO-59 BWO-60 BWO-61 BWO-62 BWO-63 BWO-64 BWO-65 BWO-66 BWO-67 BWO-68 BWO-69

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

7.70 7.45 7.20 7.35 6.86 7.51 7.31 7.77 7.64 7.30 7.41 6.83 7.20 7.07 6.50 6.50 7.30 7.70 7.04 7.80

352 316 504 527 429 483 409 356 319 405 369 323 459 342 184 309 366 322 165 378

194 179 277 290 236 266 225 196 175 223 203 178 252 188 101 170 198 177 91 208

12 24 38 14 46 34 38 32 40 58 44 38 56 28 10 40 44 32 2 48

9 5 6 18 10 33 19 18 9 11 11 2 7 9 1 6 15 12 10 12

65 80 120 110 155 220 175 155 135 190 155 105 170 105 30 125 170 130 45 170

65 40 55 70 40 215 175 170 160 200 170 25 35 55 25 15 195 105 50 190

60 51 69 97 65 14 12 6 6 7 9 78 99 57 34 73 2 43 1 10

43 30 43 50 16 17 16 16 15 13 16 12 13 24 23 3 15 10 14 12

0.21 BDL BDL 0.25 0.17 0.22 0.19 0.26 0.15 0.23 0.17 0.09 BDL 0.07 0.11 0.14 0.21 0.48 0.12 0.30

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.04 BDL 0.03 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL

0.6 3.7 7.3 9.2 4.1 1.3 1.7 1.2 1.7 0.6 0.9 1.3 BDL BDL 2.5 2.1 3.3 4.5 BDL 3.4

0.3 4 8 3 1 BDL 4 2.5 2 1.3 2 BDL 0.3 0.2 4.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3

20 36 31 33 61 49 24 16 3 9 13 7 24 37 1 12 BDL 2 37 6

0.2 0.2 BDL 1 BDL 1 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 BDL 0.5 5 8 2 10

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 07 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

0 207 53 147 97 93 245 23 19 56 67 97 0 15 02 44 25 32 48 0

NGVS =No Guideline Value Set BDL = Below Detection Limits

The highlighted results indicate the concentration level beyond the PSQCA Bottled Water Standards. January-March, 2011

18