TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF BRAIN REGION OF THE HEAD.

PRIMARY SURGICAL TREATMENT OF IMPENETRATE WOUNDS OF BRAIN

REGION OF THE HEAD. ANTROTOMY.
1. Why bleeding under the tendonal helmet oI the Iornix oI the brain has overIlowed character?
because of three-layer venous system,
b because of vertical membrane between subcutaneous fat and tendonal helmet,
c absence of tendonal membranes between tendonal helmet and over-periosteum,
d well expressed sub-over-periosteal fat.
. What artery supplies occipital area oI brain region oI the head?
supraorbitalis,
b supratrochlearis,
c angularis,
d auricularis posterior.
. What veins oI the head are emissaries?
subcutaneous,
b diploic,
c intra-skull,
d veins, which connect superficial and deep venous net of the head.
. Why abscesses oI sub-over-periosteal Iat oI bones oI the skull are limited?
because of three-layer venous system,
b because of vertical membranes between subcutaneous fat and tendonal helmet,
c because of knitting of over-periosteum with sutures of bones of the skull,
d absence of tendonal membranes between tendonal helmet and over-periosteum.
. Skin oI Ironto-parietal region oI the head is innervated with?
trigeminal nerve,
b facial nerve,
c additional nerve,
d abducent nerve.
. Tendonal helmet is a tendon oI what muscles?
between frontal and occipital belly of fronto-occipital muscle,
b between frontal belly and temporal muscle,
c between occipital belly and temporal muscle,
d between sternocleidomastoid and temporal muscles.
. What is the posterior boundary oI trepanated Shypo`s triangle?
line, which is the continuance of temporal arch,
b line, which is behind the external auditory meatus to the top of mastoid sprout,
c comb of mastoid sprout,
d line, which is before the external auditory meatus.
. What is glass-liked plate oI the skull?
external plate,
b internal plate,
c sponge substance,
d hard medullar membrane.
. What is the anterior boundary oI trepanated Shypo`s triangle?
a line, which is the continuance of temporal arch,
b line, which is behind the external auditory meatus to the top of mastoid sprout,
c comb of mastoid sprout,
d line, which is before the external auditory meatus.
10. What is the second storey oI venous system oI Ironto-parieto-occipital region?
inter-skull veins,
b emissary veins ,
c subcutaneous veins,
d dyploic veins.
11. Why there are oIten Iractures oI bones in traumas oI temporal region?
a absence of external plate,
b absence of internal plate,
c absence of dyploses in the bone,
d absence of over-periosteum.
1. With what does the anterior boundary oI Shypo`s triangle border?
with medial skull fossa,
b with canal of facial nerve,
c with sigmoid venous sinus,
d with anterior skull fossa.
1. Mastoid cave is connected with?
external ear,
b middle ear,
c inner ear,
d sigmoid venous sinus.
1. Through what veins does the purulent inIection go into the brain cavity?
subcutaneous,
b intraskull,
c dyploic,
d emissary.
1. What veins oI venous system oI Ironto-parieto-occipital region are concerned to third storey?
a subcutaneous,
b intraskull,
c dyploic,
d emissary.
1. What muscle isn`t connected with mastoid sprout?
sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle,
b strap muscle of the head,
c the longest muscle of the head,
d temporal muscle.
1. With what does upper boundary oI Shypo`s triangle border?
with medial fossa of the brain,
b with canal of facial nerve,
c with sigmoid venous sinus,
d with anterior fossa of the brain.
1. Region oI mastoid sprout is supplied with?
a posterior auricular,
b occipital,
c medial meningeal,
d deep temporal.
1. What is the upper boundary oI trepanated Shypo`s triangle?
a line, which is the continuance of temporal arch,
b line, which is behind the external auditory meatus to the top of mastoid sprout,
c comb of mastoid sprout,
d line, which is before the external auditory meatus.
0. With what does lower boundary oI Shypo`s triangle border?
with medial fossa of the brain,
b with canal of facial nerve,
c with sigmoid venous sinus,
d with anterior fossa of the brain.
1. Increased bleeding oI vessels oI subcutaneous Iat oI the wounds oI the head is connected with?
vessels membrane is connected with connective tissues of subcutaneous fat,
b because of huge amount of anastomosis,
c because of three-storeyed venous system,
d because of good blood supply.
. What artery goes in stoutness oI temporal muscle?
a deep temporal,
b medial temporal,
c medial artery of hard brain membrane,
d superficial temporal.
. How can you stop bleeding Irom bone edges oI the wound oI skull` Iornix?
put on the clamps,
b intravenous leading of Calcium Chloride,
c rubbing of wax,
d binding of subcutaneous veins.
. What is impossible to injure in suboccipital puncture?
a posterior lower medular artery,
b medial artery of hard medular membrane,
c occipital sinus,
d medulla oblongata.
. From what nerve does auriculo-temporal nerve go?
facial,
b additional,
c trigeminal,
d glosso-pharingeal.
. From what nerve does Irontal nerve go?
facial,
b additional,
c trigeminal,
d glosso-pharingeal.
. In what region oI the head do large emissary veins located?
parietal,
b temporal,
c frontal,
d mandible.
. What mark isn`t the indication to opening hard brain membrane?
infury of hard brain membrane,
b subdural hematoma,
c absense of the pulsation of hard brain membrane,
d rise temperature of hard brain membrane.
. What Iorms are given to head in primary surgical treatment when there is wound oI the head?
round-oval,
b quadrate,
c triangular,
d rhomboid.
0. What nerve does the posterior auricular nerve pass Irom?
facial nerve,
b additional nerve,
c trigeminal nerve,
d glossopharingeal nerve.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN AND ITS MEMBRANES. PRIMARY SURGICAL TRETMENT OF PENETRATE WOUNDS OF THE
MEDULLAR REGION OF THE HEAD. TREPANATION OF THE SKULL.
1. What medullar Ioramen connects lateral ventricles with third one?
intra-medullar foramen,
b median foramen,
c lateral foramen,
d canal of water-piper.
. What Ioramen connects third ventricle with Iorth one?
a intra-medullar foramen,
b median foramen,
c lateral foramen,
d canal of water-piper.
. What hematom is oIten Iormed in injuries oI medial membrane` artery?
epydural,
b subdural,
c subarachnoideal,
d inter-medullar.
. Point contents oI medial cranioIacial Iossa?
medulla oblongata, cerebellum,
b temporal parts of cerebrum, hypophysis,
c cerebellum, hypophysis,
d occipital parts of cerebrum, hypophysis.
. What anatomical structure Iorms venous sinuses?
a soft medullar membrane,
b hard medullar membrane,
c arachnoid medullar membrane,
d over-periosteum of bones of the skull.
. Point what sinus oI hard brain membrane doesn`t take part in the Iormation oI conIluence the sinuses?
saggital,
b straight,
c transverse,
d sigmoid.
. DeIine sinus oI hard brain membrane which upper and low petrous sinuses go into?
sigmoid,
b antral,
c transvarsal,
d occipital.
. What membrane oI the encephalon Iorms villies which penetrate into the space oI venous sinuses?
a soft medullar membrane,
b hard medullar membrane,
c arachnoid medullar membrane,
d no one.
. What membrane oI the encephalon penetrates into the ventricles oI the brain and Iormats vessel Iascicles?
a soft medullar membrane,
b hard medullar membrane,
c arachnoid medullar membrane,
d no one.
10. In what intramembrane space is liquor circulated?
epydural,
b subdural,
c subarachnoid,
d no one.
11. Point place oI projection the main trunk oI medial meningeal artery by scheme oI Krenleyn-Brusova?
cut of the anterior vertical with temporal arch,
b cut of the anterior vertical with upper hori:ontal,
c cut of the posterior vertical with upper hori:ontal,
d cut of the medial vertical with lower hori:ontal,
1. Point optimal method oI stop bleeding Irom the meningea media artery?
tamponade with gau:e,
b clebsiation higher and lower the place of trauma,
c electro-coagulation,
d tamponade with haemostatic tube.
1. What is the method oI prevention the hard medullar membrane in sewing up oI the bone by wire saw?
using of grooved probe,
b using Polenovas conductor ,
c executing sew up under the angle of 45
0
,
d executing sew up under the angle of 90
0
.
1. Choose kind oI trepanation oI the skull which needs prevent executing oI lumbar puncture?
resectional trepanation by Cushing,
b bone-plasty trepanation by Jagner-Jolf,
c bone-plasty trepanation by Olivekron ,
d no one.
1. What plastic material is used Ior executing the plasty oI sinus oI hard medullar membrane by Burdenko?
wide fascia of the thigh,
b flap of the external plate of hard medullar membrane,
c xenoplasty,
d flap of the aponeurotic helmet.
1. DeIine how is it called spreaded parts oI subarachnoid space?
cysterns,
b bellies,
c sinuses,
d granulations.
. What cystern oI subarachnoid space has the most practic meaning?
cystern of cdecussation,
b cystern of lateral fossa of the encephalon,
c intrapeduncle cystern,
d cerebello-cerebral.
1. What branch doesn`t give carotid artery on the basis oI the skull?
posterior cerebral,
b anterior cerebral,
c medial cerebral,
d posterior communis.
1. Point the place where decompressive trepanation by Kushing is used?
a directly over the focus of infury,
b in temporal region,
c in parietal region,
d in progection of sagital sinus.
0. What manipulation is used in leading bone-plastic trepanation oI the skull by Olivecron?
resection of bone plate,
b separate resection of the flaps,
c simultaneous resection of the flaps,
d replace defect with donor plate.
1. What manipulation is used in leading bone-plastic trepanation oI the skull by VolII-Vagner?
a resection of bone plate,
b separate resection of the flaps,
c simultaneous resection of the flaps,
d replace defect with donor plate.
. What manipulation is used in leading decompressive trepanation by Kushing?
a resection of bone plate,
b separate resection of the flaps,
c simultaneous resection of the flaps,
d replace defect with donor plate.
. What instrument oI special appointment isn`t used in execution the trepanation oI the skull?
arabefs abrasor,
b hand-made trepan,
c D:hyl-Olivecron saw,
d Duayenas abrasor.
. What kind oI plastic material isn`t used in auto-plastic oI the deIect oI skull bones?
tibia,
b rib,
c plexyglass,
d bone of skull fornix.
. Point how to avoid sticking oI bone-periosteal Ilap to the wound in executing trepanation oI the skull?
saw the bone under the angle of 45
0
outside,
b saw the bone under the angle of 45
0
inside,
c saw the bone under the angle of 90
0
,
d saw the bone under the angle of 30
0
inside.
. How to sew up the hard brain membrane in executing decompressive trepanation by Kushing?
knotted silk stitch,
b continual twisted silk stitch,
c knotted catgut stitch,
d sew up isnt used.
. Point the operation in which with great precision and less traumatiosation destruction oI subscab structures is executed?
devitalisation in bone-plastic trepanation,
b devitalisation in resection trepanation,
c stereotaxic devitalisation,
d all pointed operations.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF FACIAL REGION ODF THE HEAD. BLOCKADE OF SKIN BRANCHES OF THE TRIGEMINAL NERVE. CUTS
IN ABSCESSES ON THE FACE.
1. What regions don`t belong to lateral region oI the Iace?
buccal,
b deep,
c parotico-chewing,
d temporal.
. In what direction process can spread in wrong treatment oI the carbuncle in cheek region?
cellular space of lips,
b pterigo-palatine fossa,
c parotico-chewing region,
d sub-chewing space.
. Purulent process is located in Bysh` Iat body. In what place do you execute its cut?
buccal,
b deep facial,
c parotico-chewing,
d temporal.
. Patient has lacerated wound oI the anterior edge oI chewing muscle with big hemorrhage. What vessel is injured?
.facialis,
b .maxillaris,
c .infraorbitalis,
d .supraorbitalis.
. Purulent process is located in intra-pterigoid space. What region oI Iace does this space belong to?
mastoid,
b buccal,
c deep,
d parotico-chewing.
. Patient with Iuruncle oI upper lip has inner-skull complication. What way is possible to spread this process?
through cellular tissue to orbita, then over the cellule to the orbit, through its upper fissura to skull cavity,
b through upper lip, facial and marginal arteries to eyed one and then to the anterior brain arteries,
c through upper lip, facial and marginal veins to eyed one and then to the cavernous sinus,
d through cellular tissue to fat body of the cheeck, then to pterigo-palatine fossa and through round foramen.
. AIter the inIlammation patient has thrombosis oI Iacial vein. Name vein through which process can spread to inter-skull sinuses and veins?
v.angularis,
b v.fugularis interna,
c v.fugularis exsterna,
d v.nasalis externa.
. Purulent process is located in temporal-pterigoid space. What region oI Iace does this space belong to?
mastoid,
b buccal,
c deep,
d parotico-masseter.
. What artery can be injured in opening the purulent parotitis?
a external carotid,
b internal carotid,
c facial,
d deep temporal.
10. What nerve can be injured in opening the purulent parotitis?
n.maxillaris,
b n.mandibularis,
c n.facialis,
d n.lingualis.
11. There is inIlammatory process in Irontal sinus. What is your diagnosis?
sphenoid,
b haimoritis,
c rhinitis,
d frontitis.
1. AIter the injury it is absent sensitivity oI skin in buccal region. Branches oI what nerve are injured?
n.ophthalmicus,
b n.maxillaris,
c n.mandibularis,
d n.facialis,
1. In mandible sinus there is inIlammatory process. What is your diagnosis?
a sphenoid,
b haimoritis,
c rhinitis,
d frontitis.
1. How to determine projection line oI excretory duct oI parotid salivary gland and keep it uninjured in executing treatment oI lacerated wound oI buccal region?
from the basis of ear lobe to angel of the mouth,
b from the external auditory meatus to ala of the nose,
c from the external auditory meatus to angel of the mouth,
d from the basis of ear lobe to the middle of the angel of the mouth and ala of the nose.
1. AIter the opening oI purulent process patient has paralysis oI mimic muscles. Injury oI what anatomical Iormations can cause such complication?
facial artery,
b facial nerve,
c facial muscles,
d parotid salivary gland.
1. What muscle belongs to mimical?
medial pterigoid,
b temporal,
c anterior parotid,
d levator muscle of upper eyelid.
1. InIlammatory process rose in Irontal sinus. What is the diagnose?
synusitis,
b gaimoritis,
c rhinitis,
d frontitis.
1. Point direction oI surgical cut Ior opening purulent parotitis in localization the pus-necrotic Iocus in the part oI parotid gland which is located near masseter muscle:
hory:ontal,
b radial from the angle of an eye,
c radial from the angle of the mouth,
d radial from the lobule of an ear.
1. In what place oI upper edge oI the obit the point Ior execution the blockade oI supraorbital nerve (Irom I branch oI trigeminal nerve) is located?
0,5 cm medial from the middle of it,
b 0,5 cm lateral from the middle of it,
c 1,5 cm medial from the middle of it,
d 1,5 cm lateral from the middle of it.
0. Point the direction oI surgical cut Ior opening the purulent parotitis in the localization oI pus-necrotic Iocus is the lobe oI parotid gland which is located in retro-jaw
Iossa:
behind and parallel to the branch of mandible,
b hori:ontal,
c radial from the lobule of an ear,
d parallel and lower the body of mandible.
1. In what place oI lower edge oI the obit the point Ior execution the blockade oI suborbital nerve (Irom II branch oI trigeminal nerve) is located?
between medial 1/3 and lateral 2/3,
b 0,5 cm lower then medial 1/3 and lateral 2/3,
c 0,5 cm lower then middle of it,
d 1,5 cm lower then middle of it.
. AIter the injury in the lateral region oI the Iace patient can`t screw up right eye. What nerve is injured?
n.temporalis,
b n.:ygomaticus,
c n.buccalis,
d n.oculomotorius.
. During the revision oI lacerated wound and recession injured bone Iragments was rosen great bleeding which was impossible to stop in the wound. What vessel on
expanse is it necessary to tie to stop bleeding?
exterior carotid,
b maxillar,
c facial,
d general carotid.
. AIter the injury in lateral region oI the Iace patient localize sinking oI mouth` angle. What nerve is injured?
n.infraorbitalis,
b n.:ygomaticus,
c n.buccalis,
d n.oculomotorius.
. Patient has lacerated wound oI temporal region. How to execute primary surgical treatment oI such kind oI the wound?
recess it on the distance of 1,5 2 cm from the edge and cut widely,
b recess it on the distance of 0,5 - 1,5 cm from the edge and cut widely,
c recess necrotic and unvitaly tissues, cut widely,
d recess necrotic and unvitaly tissues, cut for necessity.
. In what direction the process can spread in wrong treatment oI carbuncle in the region oI the cheek?
in cellular tissue of lips,
b in sublingual space,
c in temporal region,
d in near-parotid-masseter region.
. In near nose sinuses rose purulent process. What is your diagnose?
sinusitis,
b arachnoiditis,
c haimoritis,
d rhinitis.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE ANTERIOR REGION OF THE NECK. OPENING OF CELLULAR SPACES IN FLEGMONS. VAGOSYMPATHETIC
BLOCKADE.
1. In limits oI what triangle is Pirogue`s triangle located?
lateral triangle of the neck,
b sub-mandible triangle of the neck,
c carotid triangle of the neck,
d sub-faw triangle of the neck.
. What Iascial Iolium oI the neck is scapulo-clavian Iascia?
second,
b forth,
c third,
d fifth.
. What Iascia oI the neck Iorms vagina Ior basis neuro-vascular Iascicle oI the neck?
inter-neck,
b scapulo-clavian,
c before vertebral,
d proper.
. What cellular space oI the neck connectes with the posterior partition?
ahead inner organs of the neck,
b behind inner organs of the neck,
c supra-over-aponeurotic,
d space of lateral triangle of the neck.
. What contain basic neuro-vascular Iascicle oI the neck?
general carotid artery, external fugular vein, vagal nerve,
b general carotid artery, internal fugular vein, diaphragm nerve ,
c general carotid artery, internal fugular vein, vagal nerve,
d external carotid artery, internal fugular vein, vagal nerve.
. In what cellular space oI the heck is neck sympathetic trunk located?
lateral triangle,
b behind inner organs,
c supra-over-aponeurotic,
d before-vertebral.
. What triangle oI the neck is limited with anterior bellies oI two-bellied muscles and body oI sublingual bone?
a sub-faw,
b sub-mandible,
c medial,
d Pirogues.
. How many Iascial Iolias are selected by V.N. Shevkunenko?
5,
b 4,
c 6,
d 7.
. What Iascia divides neck to anterior and posterior regions?
inter-neck,
b scapulo-clavian,
c proper,
d superficial.
10. In what cellular space is jugular venous arch localized?
ahead inner organs,
b behind inner organs,
c lateral triangle,
d supra-over-aponeurotic.
11. What Iascia oI the neck Iorms the vagina Ior m. platisma?
proper,
b scapular-clavian,
c superficial,
d inner neck.
1. What triangle oI the neck is limited with low edge oI the mandibulla, anterior and posterior bellies oI twobelled muscle?
mental,
b carotid,
c sub-mandible,
d lateral.
1. What triangle oI the neck is limited with the anterior edge oI sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle, upper belly oI scapular-hyoid muscle and meial line?
scapular-clavian,
b scapular-trape:oid,
c carotid triangle,
d scapular-tracheal.
1. From what artery does Iacial artery go?
general carotid,
b external carotid,
c internal carotid,
d lingual.
1. What triangle oI the neck is Iormed by the posterior edge oI m. sternocleidomastoideus, upper edge oI clavicle and edge oI m.rapezius?
a sub-faw,
b carotid,
c lateral,
d Pirogues.
1. What is the posterior wall oI blind sac behind m. sternocleidomastoideus ?
posterior wall of the vagina of m. sternocleidomastoideus,
b edge of the clavicle,
c before vertebral fascia,
d scapulo-clavian fascia.
1. What triangle oI the neck is Iormed by clavicle, low belly oI scapular-sublingual and lower edge oI sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle?
carotid,
b lingual,
c scapular-traheal,
d scapular-clavian.
1. What nerve contains the basis oI neuro-vascular Iascicle oI the neck?
a vagal,
b diaphragmal,
c facial,
d additional.
1. What triangle oI the neck is Iormed by maxilla, anterior-inner edge oI sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle?
lateral,
b subfaw (chin,
c median,
d carotid.
0. What Iascia oI the neck has parietal and visceral Iollies?
proper,
b scapulo-clavian,
c inter-neck,
d before vertebral.
1. From what does beIore-vertebral Iascia go?
a basis of the skull,
b ligament of spinosus sprouts of neck vertebras,
c body of sublingual bone,
d oblique line.
. What artery contains the basis oI neuro-vascular Iascicle oI the neck?
a general carotid,
b internal carotid,
c external carotid,
d facial.
. What doesn`t cover visceral plate oI inner-neck Iascia?
heart,
b larynx,
c gullet,
d thyroid gland.
. What artery projects on the bisector oI the angle which is Iormed with sterno-cleido-mastoid and scapular-sublingual muscles oI the neck?
external carotid,
b general carotid,
c internal carotid,
d facial.
. What triangle oI the neck is unpaired?
Pirogeus,
b sub-faw,
c scapulo- trape:oidal,
d scapulo-clavian.
. What Iascia are submandible glands covered with?
before-spinal,
b interior-neck,
c scapular-clavian,
d proper.
. For what muscle scapular-clavian Iascia doesn`t Iorm vaginas?
m. sternohyoideus,
b m.omohyoideus,
c m. scaleni anterior,
d m. sternothyroideus.
. What vertebra does beIore-spinal cellular space oI the neck spread to?
3,
b 4,
c 5,
d 6.
. What triangle oI the neck is limited with low edge oI mandible, anterior edge sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle and medial line oI the neck?
medial,
b lateral,
c submandible,
d carotid.
. Between what Iascias oI the neck is supratoratic intraaponeurotic space oI the neck localized?
1and 2,
b 2 and 3,
c 3and 4,
d 4 and 5.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF NECK ORGANS AND OPERATIONS ON THEM. BINDING OF CAROTID ARTERIES. TRACHEOTOMY.
1. What nerve isn`t going Irom neck plexus?
n. vagus,
b n. occipitalis minor,
c n. auricularis magnus,
d n. phrenicus.
. What artery doesn`t go Irom thyrocervical trunk?
lower thyroid artery,
b ascedence neck artery,
c facial artery,
d suprascapular artery.
. How many topographical departments has sub-clavian artery?
2,
b 3,
c 5,
d 4.
. What artery goes Irom the Iirst region oI sub-clavian artery?
transverse artery of the neck,
b posterior intra-rib arteries,
c rib-neck trunk,
d inner thoracic artery.
. How many cartilages take place in Iormation oI the larynx?
7,
b 8,
c 9,
d 10.
. What is the bottom oI Pirogue`s triangle?
a m. mylohioideus,
b m. mohyoideus,
c m. thyrohyoideus,
d m. hyoglosus.
. How many departments has larynx?
a 2,
b 3,
c 4,
d 5.
. From what artery do upper thyroid arteries go?
external carotid,
b internal carotid,
c general carotid,
d sub-clavian.
. Where does the laryngeal rotating nerve go?
a between trachea and gullet,
b behind gullet,
c lateral form trachea,
d before trachea.
10. Where is lymphatic ring oI Pirogue-Valdeer?
a in larynx,
b in thyroid gland,
c in pharynx,
d in trachea.
11. The lowest thyroid artery goes Irom.
a brachial-head trunk,
b thyro-neck trunk,
c external carotid artery,
d interior carotid artery.
1. How many tonsils take part in Iormation the lymphatic ring oI Pirogue-Valdeer?
4,
b 6,
c 5,
d 7.
1. Where is neck region oI the gullet?
a between trachea and behind vertebral fascia,
b between trachea and inner neck fascia,
c between trachea and scapulo-clavian fascia,
d between trachea and proper fascia of the neck.
1. How many parathyroid glands are there?
2,
b 4,
c 3,
d 5.
1. With what neck region oI the gullet is supplied?
vertebral artery,
b lower thyroid arteries,
c inner thoracic artery,
d transverse artery of the neck.
1. What is located behind larynx?
a pharynx,
b lobes of thyroid gland,
c supra-larynx muscles,
d parathyroid glands.
1. What Iascia oI the neck Iorms external capsule Ior thyroid gland?
superficial,
b scapulo-clavian,
c proper,
d inner neck.
1. From what nerve upper laryngeal nerve is Iormed?
diaphragmal,
b vagal,
c glosso-pharyngeal,
d sublingual.
1. What structurte doesn`t contain posterior near pharyngeal cellular space?
interior fugular vein,
b vagal nerve,
c interior carotid artery,
d diaphragm nerve.
0. Point surgical instrument which is used Ior prevention lower located tissues in executing access to the trachea:
scissors,
b blood-stopping clamps,
c forceps,
d grooved probe.
1. How to prevent injury oI the posterior wall oI trachea in tracheotomy?
cut rings of trachea by probe,
b cut rings with dossal scalpel,
c cut rings with blunt scissors,
d cut rings with combined scissors.
. Point surgical instrument which isn`t used in tracheostomy:
uers canule,
b Trussos spreader,
c one-toothed Cochers hook,
d Mickulichs clamp.
. How to Iix trachea aIter its baring?
a between two plastic hooks,
b with two pointed one-toothed hooks under the trachea,
c with blunt dental hook under the trachea,
d with two pointed one-toothed hooks behind wall of trachea.
. Point surgical instrument which is used Ior widening the cut oI tracheal wall?
arabefs wider of wounds,
b Trussos wider of wounds,
c one-toothed Cochers hook,
d blunt dental hooks.
. What surgical instrument is used Ior leading the ligature under the vein in phlebotomy?
a Bilrots clamps,
b Cochers clamps,
c Deshans ligature needle,
d surgical forceps.
. In what succession is binding oI ligatures executed in phlebotomy?
a first binding of proximal ligature,
b simultaneous binding of both ligatures,
c succession of binding doest matter,
d first binding of distal ligature.
. Point vessel which is oIten used in phlebotomy?
brachial vein,
b elbow vein,
c main vein,
d head vein.
. What anatomical structures are cut in execution oI upper tracheotomy?
1-2 tracheal rings,
b 2-3 tracheal rings,
c cricoid cartilage and first ring of trachea,
d 3-4 tracheal rings.
. Point in what area panel oI tracheotomy` canule had been localized in leading to trachea:
frontal,
b parasagital,
c hori:ontal,
d it doesnt matter.
0. In what level cut oI tracheal rings is executed in lower tracheotomy?
2-3 rings,
b 4-5 rings,
c 5-6 rings,
d 6-7 rings.

VEIN-PUNCTURE AND PHLEBOTOMY. BINDING OF VESSELS ON EXPANSE. TRACHEOSTOMY (OPERATION ON THE ANIMAL).
1. What method is used Ior sterilizaion the linen and bandaging material?
steam sterili:ation,
b ultraviolet ray,
c cold chemical sterili:ation,
d ultrasonic sterili:ation.
. What method oI sterilization the surgical instruments is the most quik and reliable?
in autoclave by steam,
b in autoclave in high pressure,
c in drier safe,
d cold sterili:ation by chemical methods.
. What method isn`t used Ior preparing surgeon`s hands Ior executing the operation?
treatment by stereilium,
b treatment by pervomur,
c treatment by tserygel,
d treatment by etilenum oxyd.
. Where according to the rules Iirst assistant must localize in accordance to the surgeon:
from right side,
b opposite to him,
c from the left,
d behind him.
. Where the surgeon must localize in upper tracheostomy:
from right side of the patient,
b from right side of the first assistant,
c from left side of the patient,
d it doesnt matter.
. Where according to the rules second assistant must localize in accordance to the surgeon:
a from right side,
b opposite to him,
c from the left,
d behind him.
. Where according to the rules operative nurse must localize in accordance to the surgeon:
a from right side,
b opposite to him,
c from the left,
d behind him.
. What method isn`t the stage oI primary treatment oI the operative Iield by Grossich-Filonchyk?
treatment before covering the operative field,
b treatment before disfoining tissuses,
c treatment after putting stitches,
d treatment before take of the stitches.
. Primary treatment oI the operative Iield by Grossich-Filonchyk is led by:
0,5 spirit solution of Chlorhexidin,
b 5 spirit solution of Iodine,
c 1 hydrative solution of Iodine,
d 3 spirit solution of Iodine.
10. Point surgical instrument which is used Ior Iixation the operative linen to the operative Iield:
bloodstopping clamps,
b dressing forceps,
c towel clips,
d Mishels cramps.
11. Point what tissue is seized by surgical Iorceps:
fascias,
b muscles,
c vessels,
d nervous trunks.
1. Where do you use stopbleeding clamps to stop bleeding Irom cellular tissue?
to the cellular tissue from opposite edge of the wound,
b to the cellular tissue from the same edge of the wound,
c to skin and cellular tissue from opposite edge of the wound,
d to skin and cellular tissue from the same edge of the wound.
1. Choose the most rational kind oI stitch Ior joining the skin:
simple knotted silk,
b P-liked knotted silk,
c continual silk,
d simple knotted catgut.
1. How to avoid possible excess oI tissues Irom one edge oI the wound oI the skin in its sewing?
put on continual stitch,
b use P-liked knotted stitches,
c use cosmetic stitch,
d use rules of sides oi putting stitches on.
1. Point surgical instrument which is used Ior giving the operative linen:
stopbleeding clamps,
b dressing forceps,
c towel clips,
d Mishels cramps.
1. Point surgical instrument which is used Ior prevention the lower localized tissuses in executing the access to trachea:
a scissors,
b bloodstopping clamps,
c forceps,
d grooved probe.
1. How to avoid injury oI the posterior wall oI trachea in executing tracheostomy?
a cut ring of trachea by probe,
b cut ring with dosen scalpel,
c cut ring with blunt-terminal scissors,
d cut ring with combined scissors.
1. Point surgical instrument which isn`t used in executing tracheostomy:
a uers cannule,
bTrussos spreader,
c onethoothed Kochers hook,
d Mickulitchs clamps.
1. How to Iix trachea aIter its baring?
between two plate-liked hooks,
b by two sharp onetoothed hooks led under trachea,
c by blunt onetoothed hook led under trachea,
d by two sharp onetoothed hooks led by the wall of trachea.
0. Point surgical instrument which is used Ior spreading the cut oI trachea`s wall?
a arabefs wound spreader,
b Trussos wound spreader,
c onetoothed Kochers hook,
d blunt-ended toothed hooks.
1. What is the most possible method oI sewing the wound aIter tracheostomy?
trachea and muscles with catgut, fascias and skin with silk,
b trachea, muscles, fascias and skin with silk,
c trachea with catgut, muscles, fascias and skin with silk,
d trachea, muscles, fascias with catgut, skin with silk.
. What method is comIortable to use Ior deIinition the eIIectiveness oI tracheostomy?
breath motions of the chest,
b cloud over the mirror,
c rhythmic motions of gau:e,
d rhythmic motions of striken match.
. What surgical instrument is used in leading in the ligature under the vein in phlebotomy?
Bilrots stop-bleeding clamp,
b Kochers stop-bleeding clamp,
c Deshans ligature needle,
d surgical forceps.
. In what sequency do you execute bandaging oI ligatures in phlebotomy?
first is bandaged proximal ligature,
b first is bandaged distal ligature,
c two ligatures are bandaged simultaneuosly,
d it doesnt matter how to tie them.
. What vessel is used Ior vein-puncture:
a brachial vein,
b elbow vein,
c basis vein,
d main vein.
. What anatomical structures are cut in executing the upper tracheostomy?
a 1-2 rings of trachea,
b 2-3 rings of trachea,
c cricoid cartilage and 1ring of trachea,
d 4 rings of trachea.
. Point area in which panel oI tracheostomic cannule must be located at the beginning oI leading into trachea:
a in frontal area,
b in parasagital area,
c in hori:ontal area,
d it doesnt matter.
. Point Iascia cut oI which isn`t used in low tracheostomy:
parietal shield of inner-neck fascia,
b proper fascia,
c scapula-clavian aponeurosis,
d before-vertebral fascia.
. On which level do you cut rings oI trachea in low tracheostomy?
a 2-3 rings,
b 4-5 rings,
c 5-6 rings,
d 6-7 rings.
0. Point the reason oI rising the necrosis oI tracheal rings aIter tracheostomy?
cut of tracheal vessels,
b leading the cannule with larger diameter then tracheal cut,
c cut of nervous plexuses of trachea,
d sublationof mucouse of trachea.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OG THE SHOULDER-GIRDLE, BRACHIUM AND AREA OF ELBOW REGION. ACCESSES TO AXILLAR AND BRACHIAL
ARTERIES.
1. Tendon oI what muscle goes through the cavity oI brachial joint?
a long head of two-head muscle of the brachium,
b short head of two-head muscle of the brachium,
c long head of three-head muscle of the brachium,
d short head of three-head muscle of the brachium.
. What anatomical Iormation passes to humero-muscle canal?
brachial artery,
b median nerve,
c radial nerve,
d elbow nerve.
. What anatomical Iormation passes to humero-muscle canal?
brachial artery,
b deep brachial artery,
c upper collateral elbow artery,
d elbow nerve.
. What nerve is Irequently injured in Iractures oI medial third oI the brachium?
median nerve,
b radial nerve,
c axillar nerve,
d elbow nerve.
. What artery is Irequently injured in Iractures oI medial third oI the brachium?
brachial artery,
b upper collateral elbow artery,
c deep brachial artery,
d lower collateral elbow artery.
. Point what vessel is injured in luxation oI brachial bone with down dislocation?
anterior circumflex artery of the brachium,
b posterior circumflex artery of the brachium,
c axillar artery of the brachium,
d artery which circumflex the scapule.
. Point what nerve is injured in luxation oI brachial bone with down dislocation?
a axillar nerve,
b radial nerve,
c elbow nerve,
d median nerve.
. Where is it suitable to lead Deshan`s needle into the tissues in binding vessels into the neuro-vascular Iascicle?
laterally from the fascicle from arterys side,
b between artery and vein,
c laterally from the fascicle from veins side,
d have no practical use.
. What structure doesn`t contain neuro-vascular Iascicle oI the deltoid region?
artery which circumflex brachial bone from behind,
b artery which circumflex brachial artery from the front,
c axillar artery,
d axillar nerve.
10. Point anatomical structure which goes through Iour-side Ioramen?
anterior circumflex brachial artery,
b posterior circumflex brachial artery,
c posterior circumflex scapular artery,
d radial nerve.
11. Point anatomical structure which goes through Iour-side Ioramen?
a axillar nerve,
b radial nerve,
c elbow nerve,
d median nerve.
1. Point anatomical structure which goes through three-side Ioramen?
a anterior circumflex brachial artery,
b posterior circumflex brachial artery,
c circumflex scapular artery,
d radial nerve.
1. In baring axillar artery surgion deIines nerve as an orient which catch this artery like letter Y. What is this nerve?
medial nerve,.
b radial nerve,
c axillar nerve,
d elbow nerve.
1. Notice the point oI piercing the needle in leading the puncture oI brachial joint by the anterior access?
2 cm medial from the foint sticking of the scapule,
b under acromial end of the clavicule,
c under acromial sprout of the scapule,
d under coracoid process of the scapule.
1. Notice the point oI piercing the needle in leading the puncture oI brachial joint by the lateral access?
a 2 cm medial from the foint sticking of the scapule,
b under acromial end of the clavicule,
c under acromial sprout of the scapule,
d under coracoid process of the scapule.
1. What sac connects with cavity oI brachial joint?
subscapular,
b subdeltoid,
c subclavian,
d subtuberosital.
1. Injury oI what nerve is possible in executing the contraperture in arthrotomy oI brachial joint?
radial nerve,
b elbow nerve,
c axillar nerve,
d median nerve.
1. Through which line is operative access to brachial artery executed in medial third oI the brachium?
through medial sulcus of two-head muscle,
b through lateral sulcus of two-head muscle,
c I cm laterally from medial sulcus,
d 1 cm medially from lateral sulcus.
1. Point where Zorius` lymphatic node is located?
through the posterior wall of axillar fossa,
b through the anterior wall of axillar fossa,
c on the level of third rib under the edge of mafor thoracic muscle,
d near the lateral wall of axillarys fossa.
0. Notice the point oI piercing the needle in leading the puncture oI elbow joint by the posterior access?
external-lateral surface of the foint,
b interior-lateral surface of the foint,
c above elbow process of elbow bone,
d under caput of radial bone.
1. What orient is used Ior leading the access in artrotomy oI brachial joint?
a) acromial process oI the scapule,
b coracoid process,
c deltoid-thoratic sulcus,
d inferior-lateral edge of the clavicule.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF HAND AND ARM.
1. Point anatomical elements which take place in the Iormation oI medial sulcus oI the hand:
m.brachioradialis, m.flexor carpi ulnaris,
b m.flexor carpi radialis, m. flexor carpi ulnaris,
c m. flexor carpi radialis, m. flexor digitorum superficialis,
d m.brachioradialis,, m. flexor digitorum superficialis.
. Point anatomical elements which take place in the Iormation oI elbow sulcus oI the hand:
m.brachioradialis, m. flexor carpi radialis,
b m.flexor carpi radialis, m. flexor carpi ulnaris,
c m. flexor carpi ulnaris, m. flexor digitorum superficialis,
d m.brachioradialis, m. flexor digitorum superficialis.
. Point anatomical elements which take place in the Iormation oI radial sulcus oI the hand:
m.brachioradialis, m.flexor carpi radialis,
b m.flexor carpi radialis, m. flexor carpi ulnaris,
c m. flexor carpi ulnaris, m. flexor digitorum superficialis,
d m.brachioradialis, m. flexor digitorum superficialis.
. What muscle is in the Iorth layer oI the hand?
quadrate pronator,
b deep flexor of the fingers,
c long flexor of the thumb,
d round pronator.
. What muscle localize in the Iirst row oI the anterior surIace oI the hand?
a quadrant pronator,
b deep flexor of the fingers,
c long flexor of the thumb,
d round pronator.
. What neuro-vascular Iascicle is located between elbow Ilexor oI the wrist and superIicial Ilexor oI the Iingers?
a v. ulnaris, ramus superficialis n.ulnaris,
b v. radialis, n. radialis,
c v. radialis, ramus superficialis n. radialis,
d v. ulnaris, n .ulnaris.
. What neuro-vascular Iascicle is located between radial Ilexor oI the wrist and brachio-radial muscle?
a v. ulnaris, ramus superficialis n.ulnaris,
b v. radialis, n. radialis,
c v. radialis, ramus superficialis n. radialis,
d v. ulnaris, n .ulnaris.
. Name artery which is projected to the hand through the line Irom the middle oI elbow Iossa to pulse point.
ulnar,
b radial,
c interossea anterior,
d interossea posterior.
. Name artery which is projected to the hand through the line Irom the middle oI elbow Iossa to
pisiIorm bone.
a ulnar,
b radial,
c interossea anterior,
d interossea posterior.
10. What muscles belong to the posterior surIace oI the hand:
mm.extensor digiti minimi, flexor carpi radialis, extensor indicis,
b m. extensor carpi radialis longus, m.supinator, extensor digiti minimi, quadratus,
c m. extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor digitorum, abductor policis longus,
d mm. extensor carpi radialis brevis, adductor policis, abductor digiti minimi.
11. Name neuro-Iascicle Iormation which goes through the interosseal membrane oI the hand.
radial,
b interossea anterior,
c interossea posterior,
d median.
1. What vessels and nerves contain neuro-vascular Iascicle oI the posterior surIace oI the hand?
median nerve, artery and vein, which accompanies it,
b posterior interosseal arteries and vein, radial nerve,
c posterior interosseal arteries, vein and nerve,
d posterior interosseal arteries and vein, deep branch of radial nerve.
1. Pirogeu`s space is Iormed with?
mm. flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor policis longus, pronator quadratus,
b mm. flexor digitorum profundus, flexor policis longus, pronator teres,
c mm. flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor policis longus, pronator quadratus,
d mm. flexor digitorum profundus, flexor policis longus, pronator quadratus,
1. In what layer does the superIicial palmary arch lie?
in subcutaneous fat,
b in subaponeurotic space,
c in subtendonal space,
d between tendons of flexors of the fingers.
1. Point vessels which take place in Iormation oI superIicial arterial arch oI the palm:
radial and elbow artery,
b superficial brunch of elbow artery and radial artery,
c deep brunches of elbow and brachial arteries,
d elbow artery and superficial brunch of radial artery.
1. What nerve ensure sensual innervation oI the IiIth Iinger oI the arm and dorsal surIace oI it?
medial,
b medial and radial,
c elbow and radial,
d elbow and medial.
1. What is U-liked Ilegmon?
tendovaginitis of 1 - 2 fingers,
b flegmon of mesotenor,
c tendovaginitis of 1-5 fingers,
d flegmon of eminences of I and Y fingers.
1. Count vessels which take place in Iormation the deep arterial arch oI the palm:
radial and elbow arteries,
b superficial brunch of the elbow artery and radial artery,
c deep brunch of elbow artery and radial artery,
d elbow artery and superficial brunch of radial artery.
1. Why subcutaneous purulent processes oI palmary surIace oI the arm are limited?
proper fascia is that limit,
b palmary aponeurosis is that limit,
c cellular space is limited with fibrous membranes,
d because of thick skin of the palm.
0. What is the Iorm oI radial-wrist joint:
block-liked,
b spheral,
c elipsoid,
d cylindral.
1. What bone doesn`t take place in the Iormation oI radial-wrist joint:
scaphoid,
b lunate,
c pisiform,
d triquetral.
. What kind oI purulent processes develop when there is puss in hand`s calosity?
tendovaginitis,
b subaponeurotic flegmons,
c subfascial flegmons,
d comissural flegmons.
. What nerve is injured in injury oI the arm in Iorbidden Canavel`s zone?
median,
b superficial brunch of radial nerve,
c elbow,
d deep brunch of radial nerve.
. What conIirmation answers the purpose oI panaritium?
inflammation of cellular space of the arm,
b inflammation of tendon sac of the arm,
c inflammation of the finger,
d inflammation in Pirogues space.
. Access Ior opening the Pirogue`s space is executed through:
anterior medial line of the hand,
b posterior medial line of the hand,
c medial sulcus of the hand,
d lateral surface of the hand.
. On which surIaces oI the basis oI the Iinger points oI pierce through the skin are executed in anesthesia by Oberst-Lucashevych?
lateral,
b palmar,
c dorso-lateral,
d palmo-lateral.
. In what place do you execute piercing oI the skin in perIorming the aneshtesia by Braun-Usolceva?
in the middle of intrametacarpal interfaces on the palmar surface of the arm,
b in the middle of intrametacarpal interfaces on the dorsal surface of the arm,
c in the distal part of intrametacarpal interfaces on the dorsal surface of the arm,
d in the proximal part of intrametacarpal interfaces on the palmar surface of the arm.
. What slit is used in opening the subcutaneous panaritium oI distal Ialang oI the Iinger?
cross-liked on the dorsal surface,
b arch-liked ahead from free edge of the nail,
c longitudinal on the palmar surface,
d hook-liked which is turned to the basis by hand.
. What is the diIIerence between adaptional sitches oI tendons by Bennel and Doletskiy- Pugachova and Iixational stitches?
putting like 8 to both ends of infured tendon,
b putting like 8 proximal the place of infury,
c putting like letter H to both ends of infured tendon,
d putting like letter H proximal the place of infury.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF GLUTEAL REGION.
1. What quadrant oI gluteal region is the most practical Ior inter-muscle injections?
upper-medial,
b upper-lateral,
c lower-medial,
d lower-lateral.
. Which oI the ligaments take place in Iixing the capsule oI pelvic-thigh joint:
iliofemorale,
b pubofemorale,
c ischiofemorale,
d sacrospinale.
. What is the location oI gluteal muscle according to its proper Iascia?
between proper and superficial fascias,
b under the proper fascia,
c between superficial and proper folias of proper fascia,
d under the deep folium of proper fascia.
. Where does the purulent process go through the anterior Ieeble place oI pelvic-thigh joint?
to medial surface of the thigh,
b to fascial lagoon of inguinal-lumbar muscle,
c to posterior surface of the thigh,
d to lateral surface of the thigh.
. What Ioramen does the thigh nerve oI the pelvis go through?
big thigh,
b supra-piriform,
c little thigh,
d sub-piriform.
. What branches arterial net oI hip joint is Iormed with:
medial and lateral branches which curve the thigh,
b superficial branch which curve iliac bone,
c I shrill branch of deep artery of the thigh,
d deep branch which curve iliac bone.
. What anatomical Iormations are going through the supra- piriIorm Ioramen?
.glutea superior, n.pudendus, n.ischiadicus,
b .glutea superior, v. glutea superior, n.ischiadicus,
c .glutea superior, v. glutea superior, n.pudendus,
d .glutea superior, v. glutea superior, n.gluteus superior.
. Name nerve projection line oI which is in the middle oI thigh tuberose and big trochanter to the middle oI popliteal Iossa:
ischiadicus,
b gluteus inferior,
c gluteus superior,
d cutaneus femoris posterior.
. What anatomical Iormations go through the sub- piriIorm Ioramen?
a .glutea inferior, n.pudendus, n.ischiadicus,
b .glutea inferior, v.saphena parva, n.ischiadicus,
c .glutea inferior, v. saphena magna, n.pudendus,
d .glutea inferior, v.glutea inferior, n.clunium inferior.
10. What muscle is located in the superIicial layer oI gluteal region?
m.quadratus,
b m.gluteus medius,
c m.obturatorius internus,
d m.gluteus maximus.
11. What muscle isn`t located in the medial layer oI gluteal region?
m.quadratus,
b m.gluteus medius,
c m.obturatorius externus,
d m.obturatorius internus.
1. What cellular spaces and Ior direction oI what anatomical Iormations distal cellula oI the posterior lagoon oI the thigh is Iormed with?
with popliteal fossa for direction of the thigh,
b with popliteal fossa for direction of gluteal nerve,
c adducent canal for direction of thigh artery,
d adducent canal for direction of subcutaneous nerve.
1. What muscle belongs to the deep layer oI gluteal region?
m.quadratus,
b obturatorius externus,
c m.obturatorius internus,
d m.gluteus medius.
1. In what place the thigh nerve is the most accessible Ior executing blockade?
a near lower edge of big gluteal muscle,
b in the middle of upper third of the thigh,
c in the middle third of the thigh,
d in the lower third of the thigh.
1. What Iormations limit muscular lagoon?
inguinal and lacunar ligament,
b inguinal ligament and ilio-pectineal arch,
c inguinal and pectineal ligaments,
d pectineal ligament and ilio-pectineal arch.
1. Name vessel projection line oI which passes Irom the middle oI inguinal ligament to medial epicondyl oI the thigh by Ken`s line:
v.saphena magna,
b .profunda femoris,
c .perforantes,
d .femoralis.
1. What Iormation passes into muscular lagoon?
.femoralis,
b v.femoralis,
c n.femoralis,
d n.saphenus.
1. What artery is going Irom thigh artery in Iront oI the inguinal ligament?
.circumflexa ilium profunda,
b .circumflexa ilium superficialis,
c .circumflexa femoris lateralis,
d .circumflexa femoris medialis.
1. What anatomical element is passing through the low Ioramen oI adducent canal?
thigh artery,
b thigh nerve,
c descending knee artery,
d subcutaneous nerve.
0. What anatomical element is going through the lower Ioramen oI adductor canal?
a thigh artery,
b thigh nerve,
c descending popliteal artery,
d subcutaneous nerve.
1. What Iormation is going into vascular lagoon?
n.femoralis,
b m.iliopsoas,
c .femoralis,
d n.saphenus.
. What kind oI plasty is artiIicial transplantant oI the vessel?
xeno-transplantant,
b allo-transplantant,
c iso-transplantant,
d ex-transplantant.
. Thigh triangle is limited with?
mm. gracilis, adductor longus, lig.lacunare,
b mm. sartorius, adductor magnus, lig.inguinale,
c mm. gracilis, adductor magnus, lig.inguinale,
d mm. sartorius, adductor longus, lig.inguinale.
. What is the aim oI the operation by Filagrius?
bandage of adducent and abducent vessels,
b sew up of the wall of artery through aneurisms sac,
c bandage of vessels which pass into the aneurism and recession of its sac,
d recession of the aneurism with next its shunting.
. Obturatory canal is limited with?
os pubis, m.adductor medialis and membrana vastoadductoria,
b os pubis, musculus and membrana obturatoria,
c os ischii, musculus and membrana obturatoria,
d os ischii, m.adductor medialis and membrana vastoadductoria.
. What Iormation doesn`t Iorm the wall oI inner ring oI thigh canal?
lacunar ligament forms medial wall,
b thigh vein forms lateral wall,
c inguinal ligament forms anterior wall,
d ilio-pectineal arch forms posterior wall.
. Adducent canal is limited with?
a) m.adductor magnus and membrana vastoadductoria,
b musculus and membrana obturatoria,
c mm. vastus medialis, adductor longus,
d m.adductor longus and membrana vastoadductoria.
. What way does Ilegmon oI deep regions oI gluteal region spread to the cellular tissue oI small pelvis?
through pudendal canal,
b through suprapisiform foramen,
c through subpisiform foramen,
d in direction of inner obturatory muscle.

TOPOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY OF THE REGIONS OF KNEE JOINT, SHIN AND THE SOLE.
1. What muscle is in the anterior Iascial-muscular lagoon oI the crural?
m. tibialis anterior,
b m. extensor digitorum longus,
c m. peroneus longus,
d m. peroneus brevis.
. What contains neuro-vascular Iascicle oI the anterior Iascial-muscular lagoon oI the crural?
anterior tibial artery, two similar veins, deep fibular nerve,
b posterior tibial artery, two similar veins, deep fibular nerve,
c anterior tibial artery, tibial artery, two similar veins, deep tibial nerve,
d anterior tibial artery, tibial artery, two similar veins, calf nerve.
. What canal is Iormed between long Iibular muscle, head oI Iibula, exterior surIace oI lateral condyle oI tibia?
a canalis musculoperoneus inferior,
b canalis musculoperoneus superior,
c canalis malleolaris medialis,
d canalis malleolaris lateralis.
. Where is the localization oI neuro-vascular Iascicle in upper third oI the crural?
between anterior tibial and long fibular muscles,
b between anterior tibial muscle and long extensorof fingers,
c between long fibular muscle and long extensor of fingers,
d between long fibular muscle and long extensor of the thumb.
. Tendons oI what muscles Iorm heel tendon?
anterior tibial muscle, crural muscle, soleus muscle,
b long fibular muscle, anterior tibial muscle, soleus muscle,
c crural muscle, soleus muscle, plantar muscle,
d anterior tibial muscle, soleus muscle, plantar muscle.
. Where is Pirogue`s canal on the posterior region oI the crural?
a between long fibular muscle, exterior surface of the condyle of the tibia,
b between long flexor of the thumb, fibula, posterior tibial muscle,
c between heads of the crural muscle,
d between calcaneus, holder of tendon-flexors and the posterior edge of medial bone.
. What muscle doesn`t belong to muscles oI deep Iascial laggon oI the posterior region oI the crural?
long flexor of fingers,
b posterior tibial muscle,
c long flexor of the thumb,
d long fibular muscle.
. What canal is limited with long Ilexor oI the thumb, Iibula, posterior tibial muscle?
canalis musculoperoneus inferior,
b canalis musculoperoneus superior,
c canalis malleolaris medialis,
d canalis cruropopliteus.
. What synovial sac connects with cavity oI knee joint?
subcutaneous before the knee,
b subcutaneous infrapatellar,
c subcutaneous bursa of the tuberosity of the tibia,
d infrapatellar bursa.
10. What is Zhober`s Iossa limited with?
sartorius muscle,
b tendon of adductor magnus muscle,
c medial condyle of the thigh,
d medial head ofthe crural muscle.
11. What is the low muscular-Iibular canal limited with Iorm behind?
long flexor of great toe,
b fibula,
c posterior tibial muscle,
d soleus muscle.
1. What nerve contains neuro-vascular Iascisle oI the posterior region oI the shin?
n. saphenus,
b n. peroneus communis,
c n. suralis,
d n. tibialis.
1. How many volvuses are Iormatted in transIormation oI the synovial membrane to joint capsule oI the knee?
7,
b 8,
c 9,
d 10.
1. What is the posterior limit oI Zhober`s Iossa?
tendons of semitendinous, semimbanous, thin muscle,
b medial condyle of the thigh and medial head of the crural,
c tendons of great adducent muscle,
d sartorius muscle.
1. What is shin-subknee canal limited with?
posterior tibial muscle,
b soleus muscle,
c long flexor of great toe,
d long extensor of fingers.
1. What is the low musculo-Iibual canal limited with Irom ahead?
long flexor of great toe,
b fibula and the posterior tibial muscle,
c soleus muscle,
d long fibular muscle.
1. What is the low apertura oI shin-subknee canal limited with Irom ahead?
posterior tibial muscle,
b calcaneal tendon,
c fibula,
d soleus muscle.
1. What muscle is in the external muscular lagoon oI the anterior region oI the shin?
anterior tibial muscle,
b long extensor of the fingers,
c long extensor of the thumb,
d long fibular muscle.
1. A. dorsalis pedis is the continuance oI what artery?
posterior tibial artery,
b fibular artery,
c anterior tibial artery,
d medial knee artery.
0. What is the anterior wall oI canallis malleolaris medialis ?
calcaneus,
b holder of tendon-flexors,
c posterior edge of medial ankle,
d tendon of long flexor of the great toe.
1. What artery doesn`t contain the shin-sole joint?
tibial,
b fibular,
c calcanear,
d cuboid.
. What muscle is in the medial Iascial lagoon oI the sole?
short flexor of fingers,
b muscle which lead away the little toe,
c short flexor of big toe,
d muscle which lead away the big toe.
. Between what structures is heel canal situated?
between heel and muscle which lead away the little toe,
b between heel and muscle which lead away the big toe,
c between heel and short flexor of little toe,
d between heel and quadrant muscle of the heel.
. What artery doesn`t pass Irom the rear artery oI the heel?
lateral and medial premetatarsal arteries,
b arch-liked artery,
c deep heel branch of arch-liked artery,
d lateral heel artery.
. What muscle is in the lateral Iascial lagoon oI the heel?
short flexor of fingers,
b quadrant muscle of the heel,
c short flexor of big toe,
d short flexor of little toe.
. Through what artery does the lateral heel artery pass Irom?
rear artery of the foot,
b anterior tibial artery,
c posterior tibial artery,
d arch-liked artery.
. What ligament oI cuneonavicular joint is the key to disjoining the joint?
bifurcated ligament,
b foot-cuboid,
c cuboidonavicular,
d premetatarsal-metatarsal.
. What musculo-Iascial lagoon isn`t parted in aponeurotic space oI the heel
upper,
b lateral,
c median,
d medial.
. What muscle is in the medial Iascial lagoon oI the heel?
short flexor of big toe,
b quadrant muscle of the heel,
c short flexor of fingers,
d short flexor of little toe.
0. What artery passes through the anterior Ioramen oI the shin-popliteal canal?
anterior tibial artery,
b posterior tibial artery,
c fibular artery,
d upper knee artery.


OPERATIONS ON THE LONG TIBULAR BONES AND JOINTS.
1. Point rational way oI the access to the brachial bone in the region oI surgical column:
abterior,
b lateral,
c posterior,
d medial.
. Point kind oI osteosyntesis which has allotransplantation by Hahutov-Olby:
intra-medular osteo-osteosyntesis,
b extra-medular osteo-osteosyntesis,
c intra-extra-medular osteo-osteosyntesis,
d intra-medular metalo-osteosyntesis.
. What operative interIerence is suitable in hematogene osteomyelitis oI brachial bone?
a) osteosyntesis;
b trepanation of the bone,
c resection of the bone,
d osteoplasty.
. Point kind oI operative interIerence in chronic not widespread osteomyelitis oI the thigh:
osteosyntesis;
b resection of the bone,
c seqestrectomy,
d osteoplasty.
. Point operative access to tibia:
anterior-medial,
b anterior-lateral,
c posteror-medial,
d posterior-lateral.
. What kind oI corrective osteotomy is indicated in shortening oI the extremity?
transverse sub-trochanter osteotomy by Ko:lovskiy,
b window sub-trochanter osteotomy by Kocheviy,
c angeled supracondile osteotomy by Ruepke,
d segment osteotomy by Bogora:.
. What operative interIerence is indicated in transverse Iracture oI the thigh bone?
osteotomy,
b osteoclasia,
c osteoplasty,
d osteosyntesis.
. Point operative interIerence which is used in wrong knitted Iractures:
a osteotomy,
b osteoclasia,
c osteoplasty,
d osteosyntesis.
. What osteotomy is used in adducent contracture with ankilosis in hip joint:
oblique,
b transverse,
c scale-liked,
d clynoid.
10. What kind oI osteosyntesis is intramedular?
Klimovs beam led in kortical space,
b screws which connect bone fragments,
c bone plate foined to fragments,
d CITOs spike in bone marrows canal.
11. For substitotion the deIect oI the bone by Chaklin it is used:
intra- and extramedullar explantants,
b xenoplasty,
c intra- and extramedullar autotransplantants,
d skidding bone autotransplantants.
12. What is osteotomy?
recession of the distal part of the extremity,
b replacement of bone defect,
c recession of some part of the extremity,
d cut of the bone.
1. What method oI the resection oI the bone is used in malignant Iormation oI the bone which is in the limits oI periostitis?
clynoid,
b through over-periosteal,
c sub-over-periosteal,
d bone-plastic.
1. In what indication do you use drain arthrotomy?
for recession of tumors,
b in rupture of ligaments,
c for recession of extraneous bodies,
d in empiema of the foint.
1. Choose optimal access to the brachial joint:
through deltoid thoracic sulcus,
b through the anterior edge of axillar fossa,
c through the posterior edge of deltoid muscle,
d from lateral side through deltoid muscle.
1. What kind oI lining isn`t used in arthroplasty Ior prevention oI union oI joint` surIaces?
cartilage,
b bone,
c muscle,
d vitalium.
1. In what cases arthroplasty is contraindicationed?
a fibrous ankylosis,
b shortening of the extremity more than 3 cm,
c ankylosis in deformative arthrosis,
d bone ankylosis.
1. What pathology is contraindicationed arthrodesis?
painful arthrous foints,
b recent dislocations of the foint,
c obsolete dislocations of the foint,
d tuberculosis of the foint.
1. What is the aim oI inner-joint arthrodesis?
a in recession of foint cartilages and next immpbili:ation,
b limmiting the mobility of the foint,
c in recession of foint cartilages and covering surface with fasacia,
d in formation of immobility of the foint without its opening , putting on the bone exteriorly of the foint.
0. Point the aim oI the operation arthrodesis:
formation of immobility in the foint,
b disfoining of bone knittings,
c formation of mobility in the foint,
d recession of knittings in the foint.
1. What is the aim oI economic resection oI the joint:
recession of infured focuses in the foint,
b recession of one pole of the foint,
c recession of growth :ones of foints surfaces,
d recession of foints capsule.
. What stage deIines the aim oI joint`s resection?
draining of the foint,
b access,
c recession of the partor all foints surface,
d foining of the tisseus.
. What access is used in purulent arthritis oI knee joint?
P-liked,
b parapatellar,
c longitudinal medial,
d transverse.
. What manipulation is used iI it is impossible to lead in the dressing Iorceps Irom the interior side oI the head oI brachial bone in execution the drainage arthrotomy?
lead in the dressing forceps from the exterior side,
b usage of the anterior dislocation in brachial foint,
c usage of the cut from opposite side,
d change dressing forceps to grooved probe.
. What operative interIerence is used in bone-joint tuberculosis oI knee joint?
puncture of the foint,
b draining arthrotomy,
c arthroplasty,
d arthrodesis.
. In what pathology execution oI arthroplasty is contraindicated?
ankilosis,
b hard mobility,
c acute inflammatory processes in the foint,
d obsolete dislocations.
. What operative interIerence deIines limiting the mobility in the joint?
arthroplasty,
b arthro-cut,
c arthrodesis,
d resection of the foint.
. What operative interIerence is indicated in relapsing purulent arthritis in brachial joint?
a puncture of the foint,
b draining arthrotomy,
c arthro-cut,
d resection of the foint.
. What kind oI arthrotomy do you use in radical operation on knee joint?
contraperture cuts by Joyno-Yasenetskiy,
b U-liked cut by Texter,
c parapatellar cuts,
d medial parapatellar.
0. Point the operative access in which complite immobilization in the joint is done:
arthrodesis,
b arthrori:is,
c arthroplasty,
d arthrotomy.

AMPUTATIONS AND EXARTICULATIONS.
1. What deIinition oI the term 'amputation is correct?
recession of soft tissues of the extremity,
b recession of the peripheral region of the extremity in the level of diaphisis of the bone,
c recession of the bone,
d recession of the extremity in the foint.
. What variant deIines content oI gilyotinne amputation oI the extremity?
formation of one flap from skin and superficial fascia,
b cut of soft tissuses, saw of the bone on the level of proximal taken away muscles,
c cut of soft tissuses, saw of the bone on the same level,
d formation of the cuff with turned away skin together with superficial and proper fascias.
. What indication oI amputation is relative?
a malignant formations,
b anaerobic gangrena of the extremity,
c neytrophic ulcers,
d traumatic infuries of the extremity which are incompatibility with its safity.
. In what level do you cut big vessels in perIorming the amputation?
on the level of muscles cut,
b 0,5-1,0 cm higher than muscles cut,
c 1,5-2,0 cm higher than muscles cut,
d 5,06,0 cm higher than muscles cut.
. What indication is absolute?
chronic neglected osteomielitis,
b inborn vice of the extremity,
c hard after-traumatic deformations of the extremity,
d gas gangrena.
. In what level do you cut nerves in perIorming the amputation?
a on the level of muscles cut,
b 0,5-1,5 cm higher than muscles cut,
c 1,5-2,0 cm higher than muscles cut,
d 5,06,0 cm higher than muscles cut.
. What deIinition oI the term 'exarticulation is correct?
a recession of soft tissues of the extremity,
b recession of the peripheral region of the extremity in the level of diaphisis of the bone,
c recession of the bone,
d recession of the extremity in the foint.
. What are the conrtaindications to usage oI tournique?
obliterated endartheriitis,
b burned gangrena,
c frost-bitten gangrena,
d traumatic crash of the extremity.
. What kind oI amputation is used on upper extremity:
circular,
b bone-plastic,
c fascio-plastic,
d two-timed.
10. In which cases do you use primary amputation?
in pathological stump,
b when there are unviably of parts of the extremity up to 24 hours,
c in spreaded purulent processes for 7-8 days,
d in bad closing of the wound and osteomielitis.
11. What are the conrtaindications to usage oI tournique Ior prevention bleeding in amputations?
gangrena after thrombosis of vessels,
b sarcoma of the extremity,
c gangrena after vessels emboly,
d deformation of the extremity.
1. What amputation isn`t circular?
mioplastic,
b one-timed,
c two-timed,
d three-timed.
1. What kind oI amputation is used on the low extremity:
gilyotinne,
b bone-plastic,
c cuff-liked,
d onetimed.
1. In what cases do you use repeated amputation?
a in pathologic stump,
b when there are unviably of parts of the extremity up to 24 hours,
c in spreaded purulent processes for 7-8 days,
d in bad closing of the wound and osteomielitis.
1. What stage oI the operation doesn`t deIine threetimed amputation?
cut of the skin,
b cut of superficial muscles,
c cut of deep muscles,
d cut of the bone.
1. What kind oI treatment oI the nerve prevent the Iormation oI neurom?
binding with ligature higher than place of the cut,
b binding with curved end of the nerve,
c leading into nerve scleroused solutions,
d cut of the nerve with sharp blade after leading 2 solution of Novocaine.
1. In what cases do you use plane amputation?
a in pathologic stump,
b when there are unviably of parts of the extremity up to 24 hours,
c in spreaded purulent processes for 7-8 days,
d in bad closing of the wound and osteomielitis.
1. What kind oI recession oI the nerve Irom neigboring tissuses is use in amputations beIore its cut?
take away of the nerve from the wound,
b perform additional cut on the place of the cut,
c pull aside muscles with arabefs hooks,
d pull aside muscles with arabefs hooks and draw out the nerve.
1. What is the succesion oI primary treatment oI the wound in amputation?
skin with fascias and muscles, vessels, nerves and bone with periosteum,
b skin, fascias, muscles, bone with periosteum, nerves and vessels,
c skin with superficial fascia, muscles with its fascia, bone with periosteum, nerves and vessels,
d skin with superficial fascia, muscles with its fascia, vessels, nerves, periosteum and bone.
0. What do you cover the bone cutting with in bone-plastic amputation by Pirogue?
calcanear bone,
b suprapopliteaum,
c tuberosity of the tibia,
d plate of the tibia.
1. What variant deIines the contest oI two-timed amputation oI the limb?
formation of two flaps from the skin and superficial fascia,
b cut of the skin, muscles, sawing of the bone in the place of contracted muscles,
c cut of tissues to the bone , sawing of the bone in the level of pull proximally muscles,
d formation of two flaps of the skin with superficial and proper fascias.
. What kind oI plasty artiIicial transplantant oI the vessel is related?
xenotransplantant,
b alotransplantant,
c i:otransplantant,
d explantant.
. When do you use secondary amputation?
a in pathologic stump,
b when there are unviably of parts of the extremity up to 24 hours,
c in spreaded purulent processes for 7-8 days,
d in bad closing of the wound and osteomielitis.
. What bone cutting is covered with in bone-plastic amputation by Gritti-Albreht?
a calcanear bone,
b suprapopliteaum,
c tuberosity of the tibia,
d plate of the tibia.
. What variant deIines the contest oI three-timed amputation oI the limb?
formation of three flaps from the skin and superficial fascia,
b cut of the skin, muscles and the bone in the place of contracted muscle,
c cut of the skin, fascias, superficial muscles and sawing of the bone,
d formation of two flaps of the skin with superficial and proper fascias.
. What bone cutting is covered with in bone-plastic amputation by Birr?
a calcanear bone,
b suprapopliteum,
c tuberosity of the tibia,
d plate of the tibia.
. What variant deIines the contest oI one-timed amputation oI the limb?
formation of one flap from the skin and superficial fascia,
b cut of soft tissuses to the bone, bone on the level of pull proximally muscles,
cut of soft tissuses and sawing of the bone on the same level,
d formation of one flap of the skin with superficial and proper fascias.
. What bone cutting is covered with in bone-plastic amputation by Sabanev?
a calcanear bone,
b suprapopliteaum,
c tuberosity of the tibia,
d plate of the tibia.