The Gaseous State

Test Gaseous State Questions:

1. Which of the following curves obtained at constant temperature and for a given mass of a gas is not a straight line? 1 (a) P V curve (b) P curve V

1 (d) PV P curve curve P 2 At constant temp. , for a given mass of an ideal gas, (a) The ratio of pressure and volume always remains constant. (b) Volume always remains constant. (c) pressure always remains constant (d) The product of the pressure and volume always remain constant. 3. A gas is initially at 1 atm pressure. To compressed it to of its initial volume at constant temp. , the pressure to be applied is: (a) 1 atm (b) 2 atm (c) atm (d) 4 atm 4. The volume of a given mass of a gas at 0 o centigrade is 273 L. The volume of the same gas at 10oC at constants pressure will be: 10 283 L (b) 273 + L (a) 273 1 + 273 273 10 10 L L (c) 273 1 (d) 273 + 273 273 5. Pressure remaining constant at what temp. of the volume of the gas will be doubled of its volume at 0oC? (a) 100oC (b) 546 oC (c) 273 K (d) 546 K 6. One litter of a gas weights 2 g at 300 K and one atm pressure. If the pressure is made 0.75 atm, at which of the following temp. will one litter of the same gas weight one gram. (a) 450 K (b) 600 K (c) 800 K (d) 900 K 7. Which one of the following indicates the value of the gas constant R? (a) 8.31 JK-1 mol-1 (b) 0.0821 L K-1 mol-1 -1 -1 (c) 1.987 JK mol (d) 1.987 cal K-1 mol-1 8. The average velocity of the molecules of a gas at absolute temp. T is given by 2RT 3RT (a) (b) M M
(c) V -

19. A bulb containing dry ammonia and the other containing dry hydrogen chloride are connected the through a long tube. The stoppers of both the bulbs are opened simultaneously. The white fumes of ammonium chloride formed will be: (a) Near the ammonia bulb (b) Near the hydrogen bulb (c) At the center of the tube (d) Throughout the length of the tube. 20. The volumes of a gas X and chlorine diffusing during the same time are 35 ml and 29 ml respectively. If the molecular mass of chlorine is 71, the molecular mass of X is (a) 35.5 (b) 48.7 (c) 12.1 (d) 142 21. An open flask contains air at 25oC. To what temp., the flask should be heated to expel one fifth of the air measured at 25oC? (a) 49.25 oC (b) 99.5 oC (c) 125 oC (d) 200 oC 22. Which of the following statement is (are) correct? (a) At absolute zero, the volume of an ideal gas reduced to zero. (b) the volume of an ideal gas can never be zero. (c) At constant volume, the pressure of a given mass of a gas is directly preoperational to its absolute temp. (d) The zero of Kelvin scale corresponds to zero on the Celsius scale 23. The temp. at which real gas obeys the ideal gas laws over a 8R T 2R T fearly wide range of pressure is referred to as: (c) M (d) M (a ) Boyles temp. (b) Charles temp. (d) inversion temp. 9. The RMS velocity of a gas at a particular temp. is 5 104 cm s-1 (c) Critical temp. . Its most probable velocity at the same temp. is expected to be 24. The Maxwells distribution of velocities in a gas is shown in the figure given below. The velocity of molecules corresponding to equal to point X is referred to as: 4 1 4 1 m (a) 5 0 c s (b) 5 10 0.816 (a) Average velocity (b) Most probable velocity (c) 5 0 4 0.921 (d) 5 0 4 .732 1 1 1 (c) RMS velocity (d) escape velocity 10. At 27oC , the ratio of RMS velocities of ozone to oxygen is (a) 3 / 5 (b) 4 / 3 (c) 2 / 3 (d) 0.25 11. Which of the following pairs will defuse at the same rate through a porous plug? (a) CO, N2 (b) NO2, CO2 (c) NH3, PH3 (d) NO,C2H6 12. Two separate identical bulbs contain ideal gases A and B. The density of gas A and twice that of gas B. The molecular mass of A is half that of B. If the two gases are at the same temp. , the ratio of pressure of gas A to that of gas B is: (a) 2 (b) 1/ 2 (c) 4 (d) 1 / 4 13. 4 gram of H2 and 32 g of SO4 are presented in a gaseous 25. A gas mixture contains O2 and N2 in the ratio of 1: 4 by weight. mixture at N.T.P the partial pressure of H2 is The ratio of their number of molecules in the mixture is : (a) equal to that of SO2 (b) Doubled that of SO2 (a) 1 : 4 (b) 1 : 8 (c) 3 : 16 (d) 7 : 32 (c) Three times that of SO2 (d) Four times that of SO2 26. 20.0 g of helium is introduced in to an evacuated vessel of 5 14. The average kinetic energy per mole of an ideal gas at 27oC is litter capacity at 27oC. Assuming ideal behavior, predict the (a) 3.74 kJ (b) 36.95 kJ (c) 894.15 kJ (d) 3.74 1010J pressure of the gas in the container 15. The ratio of the average kinetic energies of hydrogen and R =0.0821L atm K m 1 ol 1 . oxygen at 50o C is: (a) 2.46 atm (b) 24.6 atm (c) 49.2 atm (d) 4.92 atm (a) 0.5 (b) 1.0 (c) 1.5 (d) 2.0 27. 7.0 g of a gas occupies a volume of 4.1 L at 27 oC and 1 atm 16. The average kinetic energy of single molecule of ammonia at pressure. The molecules mass of gas is 0oC is : (a) 4.2 (b) 21 (c) 42 (d) 84 -21 -19 (a) 5.65 10 kJ (b) 5.65 10 J 28. Which of the following are not in accordance to the kinetic (c) 5.65 10-19kJ (d) 5.65 10-21J theory of gasses? 17. The root main square velocity of a gas is double when temp. is: (a) A gas is composed of a large number of molecules (a) reduced to half (b) reduced to one fourth (b) The inter molecules space in a gas is very large (c) increased four times (d) increased two times (c) The collision of to molecules in involves a lose of kinetic 18. Which of the following graph represented Boyles law? energy.

*** Mrs Shallu Aggarwal

Mobile #. 98786-08983 ***

The Gaseous State 2 (d) The average kinetic energy of a molecule in a gas is directly (a) 190 ms -1 (b) 200 ms -1 (c) 216 ms -1 (d) 400 ms -1 proportional to the temp. of the gas on Celsius scale. 43. Which of the following statement is false: 29. Boltzmann constant (k) is given by: (a) Avogadro number = 6.02 1022 R (b) The relationship between average velocities u and RMS (a) k = R N A (b) k = NA velocities (u) is u = 0.9213 u . N

(c) k =

(c) The average kinetic energy of an ideal gas is independent of the pressure of the gas. (d) The root main square velocity of the gas can be calculated by the formula (3 RT/m)1/2 . 44. An ideal gas obeying kinetic gas equation (a) can be liquefied if its temp. is more then the critical temp. (b) can be liquefied if its temp. is less then the critical pressure. (c) can be liquefied if its pressure. is more then the critical pressure. (d) can not be liquefied at any value of P and T. 45. A real gas can be liquefied only when its: (a) temp. is more then the critical temp. (b) temp. is less then the critical temp. 30. Which of the Maxwell distribution curves shown in the (c) pressure is equal to the critical pressure. following figure corresponds of the highest temp. of the gas. (d) volume is equal to the critical volume. (a) I (b) II (c) III (d) IV 46. For a gas : 31. Compressibility factor (Z) for a gas is given by: (a) C = C p R (b) C = C p + R RT PV PV (a) Z = (b) Z = (c) Z = (d) (c) C = C p (d) C > C p PV RT nRT 47. For an unknown gas, C p /C =1.4 . The gas is: nRT Z= (a) Monoatomic (b) diatomic (c) triatomic (d) none of these PV 48. For a poly atomic gas 32. Gasses deviate from ideal behavior because there molecules: 5 (a) possess negligible volume (b) Are polyatomic (a) C p = C (b) C p = R (c) Are not attracted to one another (d) Have forces of attraction 2 between them. 5 3 33. A real gas most closely approaches the behavior of an ideal gas (c) C p > R (d) C p = R 2 2 at : 49. The densities of two gasses are in the ratio of 1 : 16. The ratio (a) 15 atm and 200 K (b) 1 atm and 273 K of there rates is diffusion is (c) 0.5 atm and 500 K (d) 15 atm and 500 K (d) 1 ; 16 34. The term that accounts for inter molecular force in van der (a) 16 : 1 (b) 4 : 1 (c) 1:4 50. If two gages X and Y have there molecules traveling with Waals equation for a real gas is velocities in the ratio of 3 : 1, the ratio of there molecular mass a -1 P + (b) V-b ( M X /M Y ) is (a) (c) RT (d) (RT) V2 (a) 9 (b) 3 (c) 1 / 3 (d) 1 / 9 35. The excluded volume per molecule in gas is 51. 2 g of H2 and 17 g of NH3 are placed in a 8.21 litter flask at 27 o (a) equal to the actual volume of a gas molecule C. The total pressure of the gas mixture is (b) twice the actual volume of the gas molecule (a) 4 atm (b) 5 atm (c) 6 atm (d) 3 atm (c) Four times the volume of the gas molecules 52. In case of hydrogen and helium, the van der Waals forces are (d) Has no relation with the actual volume of the gas molecule (a) weak (b) strong (c) very weak (d) very strong 36. The values of van der Waals constant a for O2 , N2, NH3 and 53. At relatively higher pressure, van der Waals equation reduced CH4 are 1.360, 1.390, 4.170 and 2.253 L2 atm mol-2 respectively. to The most easily liquefiable gas among these is : (a) PV=RT (b) PV=RT- a /V *(a) N2 (b) NH2 (c) O2 (d) CH4 c) PV=RT+Pb (d) PV=RT-a /V2 37. The compressibility factor for gas under a given set of condition 54. Equal weight of ethane and hydrogen are mixed in an empty is formed to be equal to 0.989. The gas under the given set of container at 0oC . The fraction of the total pressure exerted by condition is: hydrogen is (a) almost ideal (b) almost real (a) 1 : 2 (b) 1: 1 (c) 1 : 16 (d) 15 : 16 (c) highly reactive (d) least reactive 55. At constant volume for a fixed number of moles of a gas, the 38. A closed vessel contains equal number of oxygen and hydrogen pressure of the gas increases with the rise in temp. due to molecules at a total pressure of 740 mm. (a) Increase in average molecules If Oxygen if removed from the system, the pressure, (b) Increase in the rate of collision (a) becomes half of 740 mm (c) Increase in molecular attraction (b) becomes one third of 740 mm (d) Increase in the mean free path (c) becomes double of 740 mm 56. For a given mass of a gas, if pressure is reduced to half and (d) remains unchanged temp. is doubled, then the volume V will become: 39. Which of the following statement is (are) correct? (a) 4 V (b) 2 V2 (c) V /4 (d) 8V (a) van der Waals constant a is expressed in L atm mol-2. 57. The ratio between the root mean square velocity of H2 at 50 K (b) van der Waals constant b is a measured of the effective size of and that of O2 at 800 K is molecules of the gas. (a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 1 / 4 (c) A gas with a higher value of a possess a greater tendency to 58. The molecular velocity of two gases at the same temp. are u1 get liquefied. and u2 and their masses are m1 and m2 respectively. Which of the (d) Larger the value of a , smaller is the magnitude of van der following expression is correct? Waals forces in a gas. m m 40. At what temp. will the total kinetic energy of 0.5 moles of He (a) 1 = 2 (b) m1u1 = m2u2 2 be the same as the total kinetic energy of 0.6 moles of neon at 300 u1 u2 2 K? m1 m 2 2 (a) 300 K (b) 360 K (c) 400 K (d) 250 K = (c) (d) m1u1 = m 2 u 2 2 u1 u2 41. The average kinetic energy of a gas molecules is zero at o o o (a) 0 C (b) 273 C (c) -273 C (d) OK 42. Three molecules of a gas have velocities 100ms-1, 200 ms-1 and 300 ms-1. The RMS velocities is :

(d) k =1.3807

10 21 JK 1

*** Mrs Shallu Aggarwal

Mobile #. 98786-08983 ***

The Gaseous State 59. x ml of H2 gas effuses through a hole in a container in 5 s . The time taken for the effusion of the same volume of the gas specified below under identical condition is (a) 10 seconds : He (b) 20 seconds : O2 (c) 25 seconds : CO (d) 55 seconds : O2 60. According to Grahams law, at a given temp. the ratio of diffusion rA /r B of gases A and B is given by (a) ( PA /PB )( M A /M B )1/2

Volume of the gas Rate of diffusion (r) = Time Since time taken is the same, we have r1 V M2 = 1 = r2 V2 M1
21. Suppose, initial number of moles of air in the flask (n1)=n

(b) ( M A /M B )( PA /PB )1/2 (d) ( M A /M B )( PB /PA )

1/2

(c) ( PA /PB )( M B /M A )

1/2

N of m o oles of air left in the flask on heating (n 2 ) = n

n 5

Since pressure and volume of air in the flask are constant, Where P and M are pressures and molecular weights of gasses A n 1RT1 = n 2 RT 2 and B respectively). (cf.PV=nRT)

4n R T2 5 or T2 = 372.5 K = 99.5 o C. or n R 298 =

1a 8c 15 b 22 a, c 29 b 36 b 43 a 50 d 57 c 2d 9b 16 d 23 a 30 d 37 a 44 d 51 c 58 d 3 b 10 c 17 c 24 b 31 c 38 a 45 b 52 c 59 b 4a 11 a, d 18 b 25 d 32 d 39 b, c 46 a 53 c 60 c 5d 12 c 19 b 26 b 33 c 40 b 47 d 54 d 6a 13 d 20 b 27 c 34 a 41 c, d 48 c 55 a, b 7 a, d 14 a 21 b 28 c, d 35 c 42 c 49 b 56 a

25. Suppose, mass of O2=m g. Therefore, mass of N2 =4m g. m 4m No. of moles of O 2 = , N A; No of m olecules of N 2 = 32 28

No of molecules of O 2 m NA 28 7 = = = No of molecules of N 2 28 32 4 32

26,27

Solutons:
3.

P1V1 = P2 V2 at constant t emp.

t Vt = V0 1 + 273

w RT M 30. The distribution curve becomes wider with increase in temperature. 37. For an ideal gas, Z=1 42. Use the relation, PV = nRT =
2 2 c1 + c 2 + c 3 (100 ) 2 + ( 200 ) 2 + ( 300 ) 2 2 = 1 +1 = 1 3 44. An ideal gas does not posses intermolecular forces of attraction (van der Waals forces). Hence, it can not be liquefied at any value of P and T. 50. My ux 3RT 3RT ux = , uy = = ; Mx My uy Mx

4. See Charles law,

5. At constant pressure, V1,/T1=V2/V2 6. At 1 atm pressure, according to the gas equation

R.M.S. velocity =

PV = nRT =

w RT M w Because n = , M = molecular mass M wRT 2 0.0821 300 M = = = 49.26 PV 1 1 PVM 0.75 1300 A 0.75 atm T = t , = = 450K w R 10.0821
v city elo ( =0.81 R S v city 6 M elo

u = x Mx u y my
(u )

2 = 3 = 9; 1

my Mx

1 9

9. T e p bab h ro le

2 17 nRT 2 0.0821 300 + =2; P = = = 2 17 V 8.21 11. Under identical conditions, the gases having the same molecular 53. According to van der Waals equation mass diffuse at the same rate. 12. The bulbs are identical. Thus, the volume of two gases is the a a ab same. Same density of gas A is twice of gas B, the mass of A would P + 2 ( V b ) = RT or PV Pb + 2 = RT V V V be that of B. Moreover, the molecular mass of A is half that of B. Therefore, the number of moles of A would be four times those of ab/V2 is a very small quantity and can be neglected. Moreover, at B. The pressure of a gas depends upon the number of moles. Hence, higher pressure, Pb >> a / V. the ratio of the pressure of gas A to that of gas that B would be 4. Hence, neglecting ab / V2 and a /V, we have or PV = RT + Pb 13. 4 32 54. Suppose, w g each of C2H6 and H2 are mixed. nH 2 = = 2; nSO 2 = = 0.5 w w 2 64 n C2H6 = , nH2 = 30 2

10. Since u =

3RT uo 3 , = M uo 2

Mo 2 = Mo 3

32 = 48

2 3

51.

n = n H 2 + n NH 3 =

pH 2 =
14

2 2P 0.5P 0.5P P = pSO 2 = = 2 + 0.5 2.5' 2 + 0.5 2.5

(P= total pressure of the mixture)

PH 2 =

3 3 R = 8.3 300 = 3735 J = 3.74 kJP = total pressure of the m T ( ixture 2 2 PH 2 15 15. Average kinetic energy of a gas depends only upon its or temperature. P 16 19. NH3 (mol. Mass=17) being higher than HC1(mol mass =36.5) 59. diffuses faster. Therefore, white fumes of HC1 are formed near the t M2 HC1 bulb. Use the relation 2 20. t 1 M1 K per m .E ole =

w w + 30 2

w 2

P =

15 P 16

volume are the same

*** Mrs Shallu Aggarwal

Mobile #. 98786-08983 ***