UsingPacketTracer onaMac

Aguidetoinstallationusing UbuntuandVirtualBox ByAndrewSmith

FortheOpenUniversityandthe CiscoAcademy

UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox TheCiscoAcademyprogrammeindevelopingthePacketTracerapplicationhad toaddressimpactandutilizationindecidingontheoperatingsystemswhich theycouldcommitinapplicationdevelopment.ThereforehavingaWindowsand Linuxdistributionoftheapplicationistobeexpected. MacuserscanaccessthebenefitsofthePacketTracerapplicationatnocost whenusingtheSunMicrosystemsopensourceVirtualBoxemulator. Likeothercounterparts,VirtualBoxenablestheguestoperatingsystemtouse theservicesofahostoperatingsystem,withneitheroperatingsystembeing awareofthepresenceoftheother. ItiswiththisinmindthatyoucouldusetheUbuntuLinuxdistributionwitha copyofPacketTracerinstalledwhilstrunningonaVirtualBoxinstance. YoumayuseothervariantsofLinux,theUbuntuoperatingsystemwhichis DebianbasedhasbeentestedbyCiscoSystemsandisthereforeconsidered stable(asstablecanbewithanyoperatingsystem). Anyoneiswelcometouseanyoftheothercommercialandnoncommercial operatingsystems,butitmustbewithacopytowhichyouhavetheappropriate licensedrightstoinstallonyoursystem. Forthemanyreaderswhohaveneverasyetcompletedtheinstallationofaguest operatingsystemonavirtualmachine,thisguideaimstoofferasimple uncomplicatedapproach. WhatdoIneed? Togetthistoworkforfree,youwillneed: AcopyofthelatestversionofVirtualBox,downloadedfrom www.virtualbox.org,pleaseensurethatyouhavethelateststableversionfor yourMac. AnISOimageofUbuntuDesktop,atthetimeofdocumentreleaseCanonical whosupportUbuntuwereofferingversion8.10,thisislikelytohave changed.Thedownloadisinexcessof600Mbandmaytakeareasonable timetodownloaddependingonyourconnectionspeed.Thiscanbefoundat www.ubuntu.com. ThecurrentLinuxversionofPacketTracer,thiscanbeobtainedfromthe CiscoAcademysiteatcisco.netacad.net,youwillnotbeabletodownloadthis unlessyouarearegisteredacademymember.Ciscooffertwodownloads,one withthecomprehensivePacketTracertutorialsandtheapplicationonly download.

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox HowdoI.? Whilsttheprocesswilltakeatleastanhour,youdonotneedtositatyour computerwhilsttheinstallationprocessistakingplace.Aconsiderablepartof thisprocessisautomaticanddesignedtobeauserfriendlyprocess.Eachofthe steps(fiveintotal)canbecompletedwhilstyouareworkingonothertasks. StepOne TheinstallationofVirtualBoxisanautomaticprocess,oncecompleteditwill belocatedintheapplicationsfolder.

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox StepTwo ThecreationofaVirtualMachineoffersyouconsiderableflexibility,thesettings inthisguidearesuggestions,withexperienceyoumayadjustthesetooptimize youruseofVirtualBoxandimprovetheperformanceofPacketTracerorother applications. LikemanyOSXapplications,onceit hasbeenstartedfromthe applicationsfolder,youcancreatea virtualmachinebyclickingonthe newiconandstartingthewizard. Youmustgiveyourvirtualmachineaname andselecttheoperatingsystemtype,from theO/Stypepulldown.Youwilldiscover theselectionoptionsincludesmany differentoperatingsystems,thisenables VirtualBoxtooptimizetheenvironment behaviortotheoperatingsystemyouhave selected. Theidealmemoryforpackettracerand Ubuntutooperatecomfortablyis512Mb; itwillworkonlessbutnotwithoptimal performance. Youmusttakeintoconsiderationthe amountofmemoryavailableonyouhost computerandthereforemustnotusemore than50%ofyoursystemsmemory. Yourvirtualmachinehastohaveavirtual harddrive,whenyouhaveclickedonthe newbutton.

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox Anewwizardwillstarttoassistinthecreationof yourvirtualdisk;yourinstalledcopyofUbuntu andPacketTracerwilleventuallyresideonthis image. Byselectingadynamicallyexpandingimage,your virtualharddrivewillonlyusethespaceitneeds (ratherthanallocatingalargefilesizeandhave wastedunusedspace). Allocating4GBensuresthatthisimagewillfitona DVDormostlowcostUSBsticks.

Oncompletionofthevirtualdisk wizard,thevirtualmachinewizardwill bereadytocreateaVDI(virtualdisk image)file. Youarenow(almost)readytoinstall Ubuntu,tomovetostagethree;youwill needtostartthevirtualmachine instance(naturallybypressingstart).

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox Assoonasyoustartthevirtual machine(forthefirsttime)the firstrunwizardwillcommence. Thisisimportant,asitwillallow youtopointVirtualBoxatthe UbuntuISOimageyouhave downloaded(youmayhaveto browseforthis). Youarenowreadytoinstall Ubuntu. StepThree TheinstallationofUbuntuisprincipallyanautomatedprocess,withthe operatingsystemdoingthemajorityoftheworkforyou.Onceyouhaveselected yourlanguagepreference,youwillneedtochoosetoinstallUbuntu.

Ubuntuwilltakeyouthroughasevenstepwizard,to commence;youwillneedtoselectyourlanguageand chooseyourtimezone,whichisbasedoncityin Ubuntu. YoumayselecttheMacintoshorstandardkeyboard; thiscanbechangedlateroncethesystemisinstalled. Ubuntuisunawareofthefactitisrunninginsidea virtualmachine,itneedstopartitionitsharddrive, whichisthevirtualdriveyoucreatedearlier.

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox Thewhoareyousectionisessential,youmustgivetheUbuntuimageaname,a username,apasswordandacomputername,theseareyourchoiceentirelybut YOUMUSTensurethatyouchooseapasswordwhichyouwilleasilyrecall. Asthisisrunninginavirtualmachine,itmaymake lifeeasierifyouselecttheloginautomaticallylink. Thefinalstepisconfirmationbeforeinstallation; thereisnoneedtoselecttheadvancedtab. Ubuntuwillneedtorestart,ontherestartcycle,for thisrestartonlyyouwillneedtohitentertocontinue asthevirtualmachinestillbelievesthattheISOimage isinthevirtualCDdrawer. ThenselectEnglishfollowedbybootfromfirst harddisk.

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox Oncetheoperatingsystemhasstarted,youareverylikelyto haveanotificationinthetopofthescreen.Ubuntuhas performedacompliancecheckandhasidentifiedthatitneedstoupdatethe operatingsystem.TheISOimagesyoudownloadfromtheUbuntuwebsiteare updatedatfixedintervals,thisensuresyouhavethecurrent,robustandsecure versionofUbuntudonotskipthiswarning. Atthetimeofcreatingthispack,therewere 192updates,itislikelythatthenumber willdifferaccordingtotheversionyouare using. TheVirtualBoxemulatorconnectsyour virtualsystemtotheInternetconnectionof yourhostoperatingsystem,thereforeitis unlikelythatyouwillneedtodoanything toconnectUbuntutotheinternet.Clickon theicontoopentheUpdateManagerand lettheapplicationinstallallthe recommendedupdates;againthisisan automaticprocess. Pleasenote,thenumbermaydiffer, dependingonthecurrentversionofUbuntuyou mayhave. Theoperatingsystemwillneedyoutoenteryour password,whichyoucreatedduringthe installationprocess. Thisprocessistwostages,withthe downloadthenessentialinstallationof theapplications. Version2.1 8 a.smith@open.ac.uk

UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox ThismaytakesometimedependingonyourInternetconnection andsystemperformance.Oncompletionyouwillbeaskedby theoperatingsystemtorestartthesystem.Beforeyoucarryout thistask,pleasevisitthedevicesmenuoptioninVirtualBox(you willneedthevirtualmachinewindowselected)andchoosethe unmountoptionasyounolongerneedtoaccesstheinstallation ISOimage.Onceyouhavedonethis,pleaserestartUbuntu. StepFour Thisisachallengingstep,youmayneedtoread throughthisstep,beforecommencing.Nowthe operatingsystemisalmostreadytoworkwithPacket Tracer,theessentialstageswhichremainare installationof GuestadditionsvirtualCD,toenablealarger screenresolutioninthevirtualmachine AdobeFlashforFireFoxtoenableaccesstothe CiscoAcademywebsite.

Toaccessguestadditions,pleaseusethedevicestop menuinVirtualBox(rememberyouneedtohavethe virtualmachineyouareusinginfocus)andselectinstall guestadditions. ACDiconwillappearalongwithadialoguebox,if theCDisattemptstoautostart,pleaseclickon CANCEL. Youwillneedtorightclickandbrowsefolder,on aMacusingVirtualBox,thiscanbeaccomplished usingtheCMDkey,theadditionsfilenamemay varydependingoncurrentversionchanges. Therefore,youwillneedtolookforafilewitha .runextension,whichmaylooklike VBoxLinuxAdditionsx86.run.YouMUSTtakea notofthisfilename. Torunthisapplicationyouwillneedtousethe commandlineshell(orcalledtheterminal). Thecommandsyouneedtoenter,inthiscasesensitiveenvironmentare cd/cdrom sudosh./VBoxLinuxAdditionsx86.run

Assudoprovidesyouwithsystemadministratorprivileges,youwillneedto enterthepasswordyoucreatedatinstallation.Onceentered,theinstallationwill start.

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox OncompletionyouwillneedtorestartUbuntu,onrebootyouwillimmediately noticetheincreasedscreenresolution,whichrenderstheoperatingsystem environmentsuitableforpackettracer. AstheCiscowebsiteusesflash,tologinandutilizetheCisco PacketTracerresourcesanddownloadtheapplication,youmust ensurethatFireFoxrunningonthisinstanceofUbuntuis runningacurrentversionoftheAdobeFlashplayer. UsingFireFoxpleasevisitwww.adobe.comandclickontheget AdobeFlashPlayerlink.Thewebsitewillrecognizethe operatingsystemandthebrowserandofferachoiceof downloadandinstallationoptions. Pleaseselectthe.debforUbuntuoptionandclickonthe agreeandinstallicon.Ubuntuwilloffertoopenthiswiththe GDebiPackageInstaller,pleaseclickonOK. Theoptiontoinstallpackagewillappear,onceyouhave clickedonthisitwillrequirethepasswordyoucreated whenyouinstalledtheoperatingsystem. Closeallwindows,reopenFireFoxandvisit www.teraknor.co.uk,youshouldnowseeananimated globetotherighthandside. StepFive Bythisstageyoumayhavejustdevelopedsomefirsthandexperienceat installingyourfirstvirtualoperatingsystem,welldone.Atthisstagethe installationofPacketTracerislesscomplex. AssumingyouhavelegitimateaccesstotheCisco Academywebsite,pleaseclickontheCisco promotedlinktoPacketTracerfromwithinthe website. YouhavemanyoptionsforLinuxdownloads includingtwoclearlyidentifiedastailoredfor Ubuntu,youarewelcometoselecteither,onehas supportingtutorialmaterialwhichyoumayfindhelpful. WhenFireFoxdownloadsthisfile,inUbuntuitwillsavetothedesktop.Minimise (orclose)FireFoxandrightclickonthePacketTracerBinary(bin)file.Select thepermissionstabandchecktheallowexecutingfileasprogramoption. Openthecommandlineviatheterminal(asinstepfour)andenterthefollowing casesensitivecommands cdDesktop ls sudosh./PacketTracer5_i386_installerdeb.bin(youmaybeaskedforthe supervisorpassword) a.smith@open.ac.uk

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox IftheversionofPacketTracerchanges,itislikely thatthefilenamewillalsochange.Thels commandenablesyoutoseewhatthecurrentfile nameis.Onceyouhaveenteredthesupervisor passwordyouwillhavetoreadtheEndUser LicenceAgreementandconfirmbyenteringYat theend(tomovethroughtheagreementusethe spacebar). Oninstallation,youwillfindthePacket TracerlaunchiconintheInternetfolderon theuppermostmenubar.Fromwhichyou cannowlaunchthepackettracer application.

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox AccessingtheCiscoCurriculumPacketTraceractivities YourinstanceofUbuntu,willhavefullaccesstotheInternet,whichmeansthat fromtheOpenUniversityandCiscoAcademywebsitesyouwillbeabletoaccess theCCNAcurriculum.WhenyoureachthePacketTracerLabpages,whenyou clickonthelink,FireFoxwillaskyoutosavethefile. Youwillseethe.pkafileinthedownloadswindow,doubleclickonthisand PacketTracerwillopenandstartrunningtheactivity.Alldownloadswith FireFoxaresavedtothedesktopbydefault.

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UsingPacketTraceronaMac AguidetoinstallationusingUbuntuandVirtualBox FileSharingBetweenUbuntuandMac OnvirtualmachinessuchasVirtualBox,filesharesaretreatedasnetwork shareswheretheconnectionfromthemachinetothehostoperatingsystemis managedviathehypervisoralayerofemulation(likesimulation,butforreal insteadofpretence). Asthispackisintendedforbeginners,thesharingandmountingprocessfora Linuxsystemispotentiallytoocomplex(weareverysuresomereaderswill declarethisiseasyandothersdisagree). Thereforetheeasiestmethodoffiletransferistosendfilesviaawebmailsystem suchasGmailorGoogleDocuments. Andisthereanythingelse Onceinstalled,thefilescreatedonthisinstanceofPacketTracerwillworkon anysystemusingLinuxorWindows. Themultiuserfeaturecanbeconfiguredtopassthroughthehostoperating systemandouttootherdevicesonyournetworkortheInternet.For informationonthePacketTracermultiusertool,pleaserefertotheCisco AcademyandCiscoLearningInstitutematerialonthisresource. Andtohelpus ThismaterialisanopenresourceforthestudentsoftheOpenUniversityinthe UKandstudentsworldwidewhoarepartofthegreaterCiscoAcademy community.Ifthereareanyerrataorchanges,whichoccurintheapplicationsor operatingsystem,pleasefeelwelcometosharethese.

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