Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ii|iiii|
F.
SLATER FUND
A DECADE
of;^:,\.
NEGRO
SELP-Sg^F^ESSION
r
Compiled by
ALAIN LOCKE
Professor of Philosophy, Houjard University, Washington, D. C.
"With a Foreword by
HOWARD
W.
ODUM
1928
A DECADE
OF
NEGRO
SELF-EXPRESSION
Compiled by
ALAIN LOCKE
Professor of Phibsophy,
Howard
University, Washington, D. C.
With
Foreword by
HOWARD
W.
ODUM
1928
JVJH
30
\a^-
m rf **'"
Foreword
The untouched
Great
picture of the
American Negro's
immediately
I
cultural
decade
following
the
War
and
directly
Negro authors.
It is vivid,
And
tual
it
the story
is
fac-
and
objective.
common
liabili-
found
in the
human
tion,
The turn of
ways of importance in their elemental significance to people and nation. This is particularly true of the Negro. In no aspect of the American scene has recent transformation been more marked or development more accelerated perhaps than that in which the intellectual Negro has played his part. To
say that
it
is
an unusual record
to
is
commonplace.
renaissance
hopes,
Professor
as
Roliert E.
this
new
philosophy of
a rational basis of
social traits.
new
new
attitudes
and new
thinks,
racial
and
It is
important, therefore, he
to
new
is,
new Negro
life.
mind and
tion.
It is
reflecting
its
influence
It is It is
upon Negro
It
a development, a
summait
is
new.
exceptional and
is
also
representative as
may
well be seen
from
life
who have
From
every
state, in
every walk of
They
Foreword
The record presented in this Occasional Paper which Dr. Dillard offers among the publications of the Slater Fund is one index of the measured suchave failed and they have succeeded.
cesses.
Interpretative
in
comment
the
in this
harmony with
form and
tliere.
spirit
One may,
new
realism.
to
face
facts
and interpretation of a
of the race.
remarkable quanti-
new
Race consciousness and urge alongside integral participation in American life and cultural development. A race and a national epoch. The promise of balance and poise in an over-enthusiastic and highly charged atmosphere. A new tolerance, charity, and patience. A mellowed bitterness. A mature vision of racial co-operation, race development and understanding. A new outlook and with it
racial,
standards of excellence.
new
zest, well
and obligation.
Howard W. Odum.
Chapel
Hill,
1,
N. C.
June
1928.
Decade
of
Negro
Self Expression
By Alain Locke,
Howard
This pamphlet
is little
University
list
of books
World War.
With
view
it
own
of Negro
expectation,
he
persists, of
making
new understanding of
this
world and
human mands of
of
spirit
During
period the
has
Here
call
in this
new body of
Negro"
is
cultural
self-expression
is
the
portrait
of
the
What we
today
the ''new
new mind and upon Negro life. How distinctive, how new and promising this new spiritual world which the Negro mind is creating and into which it is passing, many will never know. For many minds still halt at the wall of prejudice. It is noteworthy and fortunate that the Negro spirit, once in the same predicament with respect to itself and an outlook on life, has found a door, and passed he.yond blind controversy to lucid understanding. A young Negro poet puts it
just the composite picture of this
We
It is
are not
come
to
wage
a strife
Of swords upon
this hill.
life
But we would
Beating a
die, as
way
Modern America, we
barriers
;
will find or
it may And if
light
on the
come as a result of the venture more Negro, but a new vision and practical faith in denot only
life
mocracy.
No
his
would put
as
observation
this
means of knowing the Negro. There is only one way to now, and that is the direct approach, the immediate firsthand study of Negro self-expression and cultural self -revelation.
More
Negro literature has in two or three preceding generations. grown by leaps and bounds, and its outstanding exponents are, apart from their racial influence and significance, in many inOne stances figures and factors in general American culture.
result of this
is
an active contributor to
morial stereotype"
"that the
Negro
to use James Weldon Johnson's words America is nothing more than a beggar at nation, waiting to be thrown the crumbs of
in
he is here only to receive; to be shaped into something new and unquestionably better" comes this new
that the
Negro
is
is
a creator as well as
This
sions.
an
His second
ments of Negro
life
by the Negro
at least,
and increas-
Genius
is
always the
elite,
but
Negro genius
is
nowadays no
common
destiny.
Thouc^h
vance-s^uard.
Its
and file, who with the newly acquired sense of and participate in the recognition and general enlightenment which come in ever increasing measure. Much more important than the present achievement is the quickening and releasing influence it will undoubtedly exert for the future. And so we may speak more legitimately than ever of the endeavor and achievement of individuals as Negro effort and Negro progress. One important thing will instantly be noticed by the keen observer. That is a general desire in this forward thrust toward cultural expression and achievement, not to be patterned entirely by the general drift and trend of colorless conformity A half to American life, a desire not to be merely imitative. generation back, assimilation was the prevailing idea in Negro
tion to the rank
solidarity share
endeavor.
Now
it
endowments and
How;
ever this
movement
is
it
is
no voluntary counterpart
tolerant
tion
an
in-
dominant majority.
Rather
is
it
a minority promo-
move
an attempt
to
like
to capitalize
to par,
and
market standing.
two written before 1914 has been inBooker T. Washington's "Up from Slavery" or "Souls of Black Folk" by Doctor Du Bois, because within this period in which we are interested they have established themselves as Negro classics and come into the prime of their influence. But ninety per cent or more of the
occasional book or
list,
An
cluded in the
list
is
views of the
who
have
in general
from
cultural
of social discussion
from controversy and apologetics to scientific social analysis and constructive social criticism. With these few compass points of direction in hand, the
reader
may make
his
own
excursion
in this
venture of
human
He
what
fog or storm of
to pass
;
may have
he
can also be assured that he will come out to his great satisfaction at
some
no hardship
to
to take stock of a
is
new Europe,
the reason
South"
why
ward movement of the social mind on the race question is coming from youth reaching out in sympathy and understanding to the younger generation Negro.
It
where the greatest obstacles to social peace and goodwill and outworn stereotypes that
still
on both sides
sist side
the
Negro
widely
known and
appreciated.
Social Analysis
and Discussion
:
Neighbor.
New York:
Duffield
&
Co., 1918.
the Colored
Wo-
man Worker.
:
New
York, 1922.
New
Amy
J.
Garvey.
New York
record of radical
:
Negro thought.
HaynES, George
1923.
TJic Trend of the Races. New York, E. program of inter-racial attack on the race
problem.
When
Africa Azmkes.
New York
A
in
American
Life.
New York:
MiivLER,
Kelly:
Out of
the
House of Bondage.
Chicago:
Neale
&
Co., 1914.
to Conscience.
The Appeal
New
The Everlasting
Stain.
Rogers,
J.
A.
From Superman
to
Man.
A polemic
Roman, Charles V.
Philadelphia:
American
Civilization
10
A
York
Scott,
Emmett
:
the
War.
New
Wesley, Charles. Negro Labor in the United States. NewYork: The Vanguard Press, 1927. The first important study of the economic role of the Negro in
America.
The Negro's
BlydEn, W. E.
PhilHps,
:
Cultural Background
London
of
C.
M.
scholarly vindication
African
folk-ways.
Dubois,
W.
Holt
the
Burghardt: The Negro. New York: Henry The best general survey to date of Negro's past history and contributions to human
E.
&
Co., 1915.
civilization.
Ciznlisationt"
New
of
comparison
African ideas of
Ellis,
life
George W.
rary
Negro Culture
Co., 1914.
tribal life.
West Africa.
New
West African
:
The Black Problem. Lovedale Press, Jabavu, D. D. T. Africa, 1920. A native African leader's analySouth
sis
Johnson, Samuel: The History of the Yoruhas, from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the British Protectorate. London: J. Routledge & Sons, 1921. The
most complete African
tribal
history extant.
MolEma,
S.
M.
Present.
Edinburgh:
W.
Green
&
Son, 1920.
An
PlaaTjE, Solomon
don
J.
Sechuna
Proverbs,
with
Literal
Lon-
Keegan, Paul
&
Trench, 1916.
11
BraweEy, Benjamin G.
Short History of the American Negro. New York: The Macmillan Co., 1919. A short practicable manual of Negro history in America.
:
New York:
Macmillan, 1921.
survey.
Cromwell, John W.
1914.
Washington, D. C.
The New Negro, his Political, Civic Pickens, William and Mental Status. Chicago: Neale Pub. Co., 1916.
:
Scott,
Emmett
J.
in the
World War.
Privately printed,
:
New
Carolina.
The Negro
in the Reconstruction
:
ington, D. C.
The
Collections of
Negro Poetry
CuLLEN, CounTEE (Editor): Caroling Dusk. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1927. An anthology of younger
generation poetry.
Johnson, James Weldon (Editor) The Book of American Negro Poetry. New York Harcourt, Brace & A comprehensive anthology of Negro Co., 1922. poetry, with a valuable introduction on "Negro Creative
: :
Genius."
12
New
Negro
Negro Poets
Braithwaite,
Leaves.
Wm.
Stanley:
The House
Co., 1908.
:
of
Falling
Boston: Luce
&
Sandy Star and Other Poems. Boston The Brimmer The original poems of the well known Co., 1928. poetry critic and editor of "The Anthologies of Magazine Verse."
From
the
Heart of a Folk.
Boston:
Co., 1918.
:
CuLLEN, CouNTEE:
1925.
Color.
New York:
Harper
Harper
&
Brothers,
Copper Sun.
New York:
&
Brothers, 1927.
The
The Collected Poems of Paul New York Dodd, Mead & Co.,
: :
My People.
New
Boston
Johnson, Fenton
Songs of
test
York:
1915.
the Soil.
New
York, 1916.
The poetry
of pro-
and
radical expression.
Boston:
:
Boston
The Heart of a Woman and The Cornhill Co., 1918. The Brimmer Co., 1922. The leading
Negro woman
poet.
13
Johnson, James Weedon Fifty Years and After and Other Poems. Boston: The Cornhill Co., 1917.
God's Trombones.
in Verse.
first,
New
Negro
York:
The Viking
1927.
The
an im-
poetry, and the latter, one of the outstanding contributions of the recent school.
The
Boston
Hughes, Langston
Knopf, 1926.
Fine Clothes
1927.
The Weary
Jew.
Blues.
New York
Alfred
Alfred
to the
New York:
Knopf,
One
poets,
Negro
tions.
known
Laviaux, Leon
The Ebon Muse and Other Poems, translated by J. M. O'Hara, Portland, Me., 1914. The most brilliant of contemporary foreign Negro poets.
: :
Shadozvs.
New
York, Harcourt,
&
Co., 1922.
tion poet.
Shackelford,
Wm.
H.
Philadelphia, 1916.
Fiction
Ashby,
Wm. M.
Redder Blood,
&
Co., 1916.
Braithwaite,
Small,
Year.
Boston:
The Annual Anthologies of Magazine Verse, 1913-1927. Boston: Small, Maynard & Co. 1913-1918. Boston:
14
Decade of Negro
Co.,
Sei.f
Expression
The Brimmer
of any Negro
contemporary contribution
man
G.
:
of
letters.
BrawlEy, Benjamin
The Negro
in Literature
and Art.
New York:
Duffield
:
&
Co., 1918.
the Cedars.
Co.,
1900.
:
The Marrozv of Tradition. Boston Houghton Mifflin The Re-construction, its problems and setCo., 1901. tings, pictured by the pioneer modern Negro novelist.
Cotter, Joseph
S.,
Sr.
Negro
Tales.
New
of
York: Cos-
Souls
Black
of
Folk.
classic
intimate
Negro.
The Quest of
Clurg, 1911.
ton.
Chicago
its
epic
Mccot-
Darkivater.
New York:
The Stratford
&
Co.,
1920.
Black
Folk."
Boston
The
Gift of Black Folk. The Stratford Co., 1924. An account of the contribution of black folk to the mak-
ing of America.
Black Princess.
1928.
New York:
Harcourt,
Brace
&
Co.,
class
on
an international background.
Fauset, Jessie R.
T/;cr<7
is
Confusion.
New York:
Boni
&
Liveright, 1924.
a Philadelphia
and
New York
Drama.
Co., 1920.
15
The Autobiography of an ExJohnson, James Weedon Colored Man. New York: Sherman, French Co. 1912. Reprinted in The Bkie Jade Library, Alfred Knopf,
New
York, 1927.
Negro
Life.
LarsEn, Neela
ture, also
Quicksands.
New York:
Co., 1928.
life-history of a
Locke, Aeain (Editor) The New Negro: An InterpretaNew York: A. & C. Boni, 1925. A compention. dium of the contemporary cultural expression of the "New Negro."
Maran, Rene:
Batouala
(Prix
Concourt
1922.
Novel,
1921).
New
Kongo,
Boni,
York:
Thos.
Seltzer,
Novel of African
Life.
New York
A.
&
C.
1928. African novels of the distinguished French Negro author, the former being the Goncourt
to
Harlem.
New York:
Harper
&
novel of
Negro "low
Masterpieces of Negro
New
:
York, 1914.
novel.
Pickens, Wieeiam
Philadelphia:
New York
Boni
&
Liveright,
1923.
Negro
in modernistic vein.
Death.
Boni
&
Liveright,
1926.
16
White, Walter:
Flight.
the
Flint.
New York:
Alfred
Knopf, 1924.
New
York:
Human
Woodson, Carter
Negro Orators and Their Orations. Washington The Assoc. Publishers. An authoritative documentary record of Negro public
G. (Editor)
:
thought and
publicists.
1926.
Negro Biography
Alexander, Charles:
zvorth.
Battles
New York:
Andrews,
Wm. McCants:
Durham, N.
Sketch.
biography of the
John Merrick, a Biographical Seamons Press, 1920. The pioneer modern Negro business man.
C.
:
Bragg, George:
Men
of Maryland.
Baltimore, 1925.
Nota-
BrawlEy, Benjamin G.
Home
Brown, Hallie Q.
women.
Bullock, Ralph W.
Homespun
Heroines.
Xenia,
Ohio
Y.
W.
C. A.
CoRROTHERS,
phy.
J.
D.
New
Crawford, George W. Prince Hall and Jiis Follozvers. New An account of the York: Crisis Pub. Co., 1914. founder of Negro Masonry.
FausET,
lin
Arthur H.
Pub. Co.,
17
of
the
supplementary
the
spirit
Green, John
Than
Fiction, an Autobi-
ography.
Cleveland, Ohio
:
HaynEs, Elizabeth R.
Bois
Unsung Heroes.
&
Dill,
1921.
children.
HunTon, Addie W.
Two
Colored
Women
ivitJi
the
:
Brooklyn, N. Y.
AmeriBrook-
Jabavu, D. D. T.
dale Press,
Love-
Jones,
Laurence
York
:
Its
Story.
story
Newof
The
backwoods
Mason, Monroe: The American Negro Red Hand in France. Boston The
:
Soldier
with
the
MoTON, Robert Russa Finding a Way Out, an Autobiography. New York Doubleday, Page & Co., 1920. The
: :
New
York, 1911.
Boston, 1923.
An
autobiography and
at life.
ScoTT,
Emmett
Page
J.
ton, Builder of
New York
Doubleday,
the
&
Co.,
The
official
biography of
founder of Tuskegee.
My
Chi-
cago: Fleming H. Revell Co., 1917. A life story involving sidelights on the Niagara movcnicnt, and the
Negro
in politics
in
1912-14.
: : :
18
A
phy.
Washington, Booker
classic story' of
Up from
Slavery, an Autobiogra-
New York:
Doubleday, Page
&
Co., 1901.
The
career.
Work, Monroe N.
The Negro Year Book. Tuskegee Tuskegee Division of Records, 1917-1927. An annual compendium of facts about the Negro.
:
Negro Music
BallanTa.
C. J. S.
:
St.
Helena
Spirituals.
New York
Schir-
mer, 1925.
Spirituals.
Co.,
Negro
Burleigh, Harry T.
Recordi,
Spirituals
Arranged.
New York
1917-1926.
:
Seculars.
Dett, Nathaniel J. Negro Spirituals, 3 Volumes. New York: John Church Co., 1919. Religious Folk Songs of the Negro. Hampton Institute
Press, 1927.
DiTON, Carl R.
1912.
Four
Spirituals.
New York
Schirmer,
Four Negro
Hare,
Spirituals.
:
New York:
Schirmer, 1914.
Maud Cuney
Fisher, 1921.
C.
New York
Handy, W.
New
Johnson, James Weldon & J. Rosamond Johnson: Tlie Book of American Negro Spirituals. New York: The
Viking Press, 1925.
The Second Book of American Negro York: The Viking Press, 1926.
Spirituals.
New
19
The
Fisher,
Melodies.
Phila-
delphia: Presser
&
Co.,
1927.
Magazines
The
Crisis.
Published by the
National Association
for the
69
Avenue,
The
program of
Negroes.
Also devoted
to encouraging literary
and
artistic
expression
among
The Messenger. Published monthly at 2311 Seventh Avenue, New York City, A. Philip Randolph, Editor. A Journal that began as an expression of Negro radicalism,
but has shifted
to a
from
the
strict
economic radicalism
program of independent
criticism
and reportorial
features.
Opportunity.
A
self
program of urban
the younger
social investigation
and
social
work
expression program of
Negro
school of thought.
Published quarterly
by the
Editor.
Negro
20
The Southern Workman. Published monthly at Hampton Institute, Hampton, Va. A journal representing the
Southern educational
field
and other
activities.
The
Home
W.
Edited by Benjamin
Brawley,
Shaw
The
Bulletin.
Edited by C.
J.
Ala.
Organ of
Colored Schools.
John
to the
F. Slater
Origin and
Fund
Work
F. of the Slater
Documents Relating
tees,
TrusS.
1894.
2.
the
Life of
John
Slater,
by Rev.
H.
3.
J.
L.
M. Curry, LL.D.,
4.
Negroes
States
in the
of the United
5.
Difficulties,
6.
Complications, and Limitations Connected with the Education of the Negro, by J. L. M. Curry, LL. D., 1895. Occupations of the Negroes, by Henry Gannett, of the United
States Geological Survey, 1895.
7.
Virginia,
1896.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Report of the Fifth Tuskegee Negro Conference, by John Quincy Johnson, 1S96. A Report Concerning the Colored Women of the South, by Mrs. E. C. Hobson and Mrs. C. E. Hopkins, 1896. A Study in Black and White, by Daniel C. Gilman, 1897. The South and the Negro, by Bishop Charles B. Galloway, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, 1904. Report of the Society of the Southern Industrial Classes, Norfolk,
Va., 1907.
13.
in the
South, by
W.
T. B. Williams,
14. 15.
County Teacher Training Schools for Negroes, 1913. Duplication of Schools for Negro Youths, by W. T. B. Williams,
1914.
16.
Sketch of
Bishop
Atticus G.
in
D.D., 1915.
17.
Memorial
1916.
Addresses
Honor
Dr.
Booker T.
Washington,
18. 19.
20.
Suggested Course for County Training Schools, 1917. Southern Women and Racial Adjustments, by Mrs. L. H. Hammond, 1917; 2nd ed., 1920. Reference List of Southern Colored Schools, 1918; 2nd ed., 1921;
r^d
ed.,
1925.
21.
W.
T.
B. Wil1923.
22.
23. 24.
25.
Early Effort for Industrial Education, by Study of County Training Schools, by Five Letters of University Commission, Native African Races and Culture, by
1927.
Benjamin Brawley,
Leo M. Favrot,
1927.
1923.
26.
Decade
of
ll