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33W3
3%W3N
O FCmlC [tCrllltlOn
O OmblnCO rl OntrCCDtlOn
O n;CCtblC OntrCCDtlOn
O !rOCtln
O mCrCnCx OntrCCDtlOn
O 'lnl [CthOO
O 'CCtOmx
O OrDlnt lmDlnt
O ntrutCrlnC [CvlCC
O OnOOm
O l OOx tCmDCrturC
O [uCu/lllln
OnlOCrln thC DODultlOn CDlOlOn. lnCrCln ln(ltlOn nO CrCltx O( rCOurCC. thC (mllx trCnO
hvC hl(tCO tO nuClCr (mlllC ulth numbCr O( ChllOrCn llmltCO tO OnC Or tuO. Fmllx Dlnnln rC(Cr tO thC
nturl nO rtl(lCll blrth COntrOl mCthOO tht llOu xOu tO COntrOl thC lC O( xOur (mllx nO thC D
bCtuCCn xOur ChllOrCn.

AOvntC O( Fmllx !lnnln
Fmllx Dlnnln hClD xOu DrCvCnt COnCCDtlOn nO rCOuCC thC rlK O( DrCnnCx. ThC blCt OvntC O(
(mllx Dlnnln tOOl l tht thCx vC xOu (rOm thC hlC O( DrCnnCx tCrmlntlOn nO bOrtlOn. AOODtln
(mllx Dln OlrCCtlx C((CCt uOmn' hClth ln OOO ux bx DrCvCntln ununtCO nO unDlnnCO DrCnnClC
nO ubCquCnt bOrtlOn. [CtrlCtln thC (mllx lC llOu mOrC rCOurCC (Or brlnln uD xOur ChllOrCn nO
utlnln (mllx ln blnCCO ux. AOODtln (mllx Dlnnln mCthOO hClD COuDlC tO lCt thClr ChllOrCn
hvC mOrC (OCuCO uDbrlnln. bCttCr COuCtlOn nO OthCr mCnltlC.
Fmllx Dlnnln DCrDCCtlvC rC bCln lvCn CrlOu thOuht uOrlOulOC. nO O. lmDOrtnt blrth COntrOl FAQ
rC bCln rC(CrrCO mOrC O(tCn thn CvCr (Or C((CCtlvC (mllx Dlnnln.
TOOl O( Fmllx !lnnln
Fmllx Dlnnln tOOl rC brOOlx CtCOrlCO lntO tuO : turl Fmllx !lnnln [CthOO + thC Artl(lCll
Fmllx !lnnln [CthOO.

turl (mllx Dlnnln l bCO On vOlOln Cul lntCrCOurC Ourln thC (CrtllC DCrlOO O( uOmCn. Thl
mCthOO l bCO On DhxlCl ln O( OvultlOn llKC bl bOOx tCmDCrturC nO CCrtln ChnC ln muCu
COnltCnCx.

Artl(lCll (mllx Dlnnln lnl(lC vrlOu COntrCCDtlOn mCthOO tht lnCluOC hOrmOnl mCthOO
llKC blrth COntrOl Dlll nO OrDlnt lmDlnt. brrlCr mCthOO llKC COnOOm uhlCh Ct (OrCmOt
mlC COntrCCDtlOn. CCrvlCl CD nO OlDhrm. nO tCrllltlOn Or DCrmnCnt COntrCCDtlOn. AnOthCr
DODulr hOrmOnl blrth COntrOl mCthOO l thC &[ (ntrutCrlnC OCvlCCI. Thl l mll mCtl OCvlCC uhlCh l
lnCrtCO lnlOC thC utCru O( uOmCn O( rCDrOOuCtlvC C. &[ DrCvCnt ununtCO DrCnnCx nO l n
C((CCtlvC blrth COntrOl OCvlCC.

lrth COntrOl C((CCtlvCnC l n luC tht l (t lnln lmDOrtnCC nOuOx. FOr thOC uhO rC lOOKln (Or
mOrC (mllx Dlnnln ln(OrmtlOn nO KnOulCOC On blrth COntrOl mCthOO. uClCOmC tO thl COmDlCtC (mllx
Dlnnln ulOC (Or ll xOur quCrlC. OOubt nO DDrChCnlOn bOut (mllx Dlnnln.
OeouIIIaaeIoa
Iemne leriiznlion rovide ermnnenl conlrncelion (or omen 4o do nol nnl more c4idren. Jl i n n(e nnd
ime urqicn rocedure nnd cnn uuny 0e done il4 ocn nnel4ein nnd iq4l ednlion.

A mn inciion i mnde 0y l4e doclor in l4e omnn' n0domen nnd l4e lo (noinn lu0e nre 0ocqed o(( or cul.
I4ee lu0e cnrry eqq (rom l4e ovnrie lo l4e uleru. wil4 l4e lu0e 0ocqed, l4e omnn' eqq cnnnol meel l4e
mnn' erm.

I4e e((eclivene o( l4i mel4od deend nrliny on 4o l4e lu0e nre 0ocqed, 0ul n reqnnncy rnle nre o.
0ny 0.b reqnnncie er I00 omen tI in 200 4nve 0een recorded in l4e (irl yenr n(ler l4e rocedure. wil4in I0
yenr, l4i (iqure increne lo I.8 reqnnncie er I00 omen tI in bb.

Polnrlum lu0n iliqnlion timmedinley n(ler l4e c4id0irl4 i one o( l4e mol e((eclive (emne leriiznlion
lec4nique. Jn l4e (irl yenr n(ler l4e rocedure ony, 0.0b reqnnncie er I00 omen tIin 2000 4n 0een recorded.

Advnnlnqe:
I. very e((eclive.
2. Jl i ermnnenl. A inqe rocedure end lo i(eonq, n(e nnd very e((eclive (nmiy nnninq.
J. Nol4inq lo remem0er, no uie needed nnd no reenled cinic viil required.
v. No inler(erence il4 e. oe nol n((ecl n omnn' n0iily lo 4nve e.
b. No qnon onq-lerm ide e((ecl or 4enl4 riq.
indvnnlnqe:
Jl i uuny nin(u (or evern dny n(ler l4e oernlion. 0erlnin uncommon comicnlion o( l4e urqery cnn
occur:
O Jn(eclion or 0eedinq nl l4e inciion
O Jnlernn in(eclion or 0eedinq
O Jnjury lo inlernn orqnn
O Anel4elic riq: wil4 ocn nnel4ein none or il4 ednlion, rnre riq o( nerqic renclion or overdoe.
wil4 qenern nnel4ein, occnionn denyed recovery nnd ide e((ecl. 0omicnlion nre more evere l4nn
il4 ocn nnel4ein. I4ere i no n riq o( overdoe.
Revern urqery i di((icul, eenive nnd nol nvnin0e in mol nren. 8ucce(u revern loo i nol qunrnnleed.
women 4o mny nnl lo 0ecome reqnnnl in l4e (ulure 4oud c4ooe n di((erenl mel4od.

I4e riq4l lime lo underqo Iemne 8leriiznlion
A omnn cnn 4nve (emne leriiznlion rocedure nnylime l4nl:
O 84e decide l4nl 4e i never nnl c4idren in (ulure.
O Jl i renonn0y cerlnin l4nl 4e i nol reqnnnl. I4ee lime cnn incude:
---Jmmedinley n(ler c4id0irl4 or il4in Idny, i( 4e 4n mnde n vounlnry in(ormed c4oice in ndvnnce;

--- 8i eeq or more n(ler c4id0irl4; or

--- Jmmedinley n(ler n0orlion til4in v8 4our, i( 4e 4n nol decided vounlnriy in ndvnnce; nnd

--- Any ol4er, 0ul N0I 0eleen I dny nnd 6 eeq olnrlum.

Jmorlnnl oinl lo remem0er
I. Permnnenl (nmiy nnninq mel4od. A omnn mul l4inq cnre(uy nnd decide 4e i never nnl nny
more c4idren, 0e(ore 4e mnqe l4e c4oice.
2. Jl i very e((eclive nnd invove n n(e nnd ime urqery.
omIaod OuaI
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\oc v,o cc o.' ot.c(tc v.''ov . ('' c., c.; to (cct (c.; o'cc o.' ot.c(tc ot. tvo
,ooc '. to t,c .tc.' ,ooc . vo. 'oc;. ctoc .c . (oct "'o .''cc o'cc (''. C.
C. t,c ('' .c 't, oto' (''

}ov co t,c; vo|`
to( oc'.to ,c'c.c o' c 'o o.c,
"'o t,|c c.' cc. .| t c''c't 'o (c to (. t,oc,
1,c; co ot vo| '; cc(t ct (c.;

}ov c''ctc`
l''ctc'; . oo'; ccc - 6 to (c.c (c !uu voc 't ;c. o' cc ,! cc; ! to ! cc; !.,
`c; c''ctc v,c ccc oct'; .c otct'; - u! (c.c (c !uu voc 't ;c. o' cc ,! cc; !.uuu,

"c.t.c
`c; c''ctc v,c ccc oct';
`o ccc to co .;t, .t tc o' cc.' tcocc
lc.cc cc.' c[o;ct 'c.cc o ccc to vo; .'oct (c.;
ot,'; (coc .c cc'. ',tc ot,'; ''ccc .c 'cvc c.; o' ''ccc 'cc .c 'cvc ctc.' .(

. 'c ccc .t .; .c 'o .co'ccc to co(.cc
ct't; ctc oo .'tc to((
. 'c ccc . . ccc; ot.c(tc .'tc c(otctcc c
. (cct o ccc.c o cc'c;. .c.

}c'( (cct
lto( (c.c
lcoct.' .c
C.. .c
C.. ;t
c' ''..to; cc.c
c 'c.t cc.c

\.c.t.c
`.cc. ,ot oo 't t,cc ot,,
(ott o ''ccc 'ctvcc ctc.' (coc. c(c.''; ' vo. 'oct to t.|c ,c ('' o t.|c t,c '.tc ,ot oo
't t,cc ot,,
c.t tcccc
',t vc,t .
`ot cocccc 'o 'c.t 'ccc voc 'c.cc t,c; c''ct (c.'t; .c (c.tt; o' '|
`c; .c'; . .cc to|c. ''ooc 'ot ccc( c o' t,c 'c. o ,c.t .tt.| 1,oc .t ,,ct | .c voc vt, ,,
''ooc (ccc .c voc v,o .c .c `' o o'c .c .t t,c .c tc o|c oc t,. .u .cttc (c c.;
\o ot (otct ..t cc.''; t.ttcc cc.c ,1\,
t.t iov\oc o'cc C.' ot.c(tc

\,c to t.t`
1,c 't c.; o' t,c ctc.' ''ccc 'ct
"; o' t,c 't c.; .'tc ,c ctc.' ''ccc ,. .'c.c; to((cc. oc (o. .cc .oc c o c oco o
(ccc 'o cc c.;
"'tc ,c to( 'c.t 'ccc o 6 ot, .'tc ,'c 't,v,,cc oc 't
` to 6 vcc| .'tc ,'c't, `o ccc to v.t 'o ctc.' (coc to ctc to 'c ct(. t,.t ,c ot (c.t

oc (ot.t (ot 'o t,c cc to cc'c
'' . 'c c; c''ctc ' t.|c cc'.'; cc; c.;
.'ccoc (o''c .c c; .c
'c.c oc '.| o cc .ot,c ,c.'t, .c (occ .t oc ' ;oc ,.c ccc . ot.t (. t,c ,ct. 'c. o 'c'';. o
c; '.c ,c.c.,c. ' ;oc cc ''., ',t o . 'c. o ' ;oc | o c;c 'coc ccc.''; ;c''ov ,[.ccc,
'' co ot (cct cc.''; t.ttcc cc.c ,1\, 'cc }l`/ "l\ l' ;oc t,| ;oc ,t ct . 1\. cc oco
cc'.'; .'o vt, ;oc (''

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voncr icecivc icc irjceiior io picvcri picrureq. 1i nciod i ccr io bc vciq cjjceiivc. iuic u ow u o. pci ioo woncr ir ic
jiii qcui oj uc uvc bccr iceoidcd wcr irjceiior uic icuuiq puecd nori upuii.

tow doc ii woik?
i. i nuirq iop ovuuiior (iccuc oj c jion ovuiic).
2. i iiekcr ic ecivieu nueu, nukir ii dijjieui joi pcin io pu iiou.
. i doc roi diiupi cxiiir picrureq.
dvuriuc urd Diudvuriuc.
dvuriuc.
i. i i vciq cjjceiivc, urd icui ir or icin picrureq picvcriior, wie i icvciibc. Crc irjceiior eur picvcri picrureq joi
nori.
2. i doc roi iricijcic wii cx urd eur bc ucd ui urq iuc.
. |icui-jccdir noici eur jcc ujc, u ii doc roi uin ic quuriiiq urd quuiiq oj bicui nik. i eur bc ucd bq ruiir
noici u oor u ix wcck ujici eidbiii.
+. i u ro ciiocr idc cjjcei. i doc roi ireicuc ic iik oj ciiocr icuicd eonpieuiior ue u cuii uiiuek.
. i cp picvcri crdonuiciiu eureci urd uiciirc jibioid. i nuq uo cp picvcri ovuiiur eureci.
Diudvuriuc.
i. Connor idc cjjcei (roi ir oj iekrc).
Curc ir ncriiuu bccdir uic ikcq, ireudir--- ii poiiir oi bccdir, wie i noi eonnor ir ic bcirrir. tcuvq
bccdir, iou iuic, ioo eur oeeui ir ic bcirrir. ncroiicu i u roinu cjjcei cpceiuq ujici ic jiii qcui oj uc.
2. 1cc irjceiior nuq euuc wcii uir (uvciuc oj i-2 kio, oi 2-+ b., cue qcui). Curc ir ic dici eur picvcri wcii uir.
|ui onc woncr uo cc ii u ur udvuriuc.
. tcuduec, bicui icrdcirc, noodirc, ruucu, uii o, c cx diivc, urd oi uerc ir onc woncr.
+. Doc roi pioicei uuiri cxuuq iiurniiicd dicuc ireudir t\/D>.
vcr io >iuii?

Duiir |criiuuiior. wonur eur iuii urqiinc c i icuorubc eciiuir iui c i roi picruri. j iuiicd duiir ic jiii cvcr duq
ujici ic ncriiuu bccdir iuii, urd ij c i ii bccdir, ro buek up nciod i rccdcd joi cxiiu pioiceiior.

|icui-jccdir. i eur bc iukcr u cuiq u ix wcck ujici eidbiii. j ic wonur i roi bicui-jccdir ujici eidbiii, ii eur bc iukcr
inncdiuicq oi ir ic jiii ix wcck ujici eidbiii. >c rccd roi wuii joi ci ncriiuu pciiod io iciuir. i eur uo bc iukcr ujici ix
wcck, oi urq iinc ii i icuorubq eciiuir iui c i roi picruri. j roi icuorubq eciiuir, icr ii i udviubc io uvoid cx, oi uc oj
eordon oi pcinieidc urii ci jiii pciiod bcir urd icr iuii D|J.

jici nieuiiiuc oi uboiiior. i eur bc iuiicd inncdiuicq oi ir ic jiii duq ujici ciici jiii oi ceord iiincici nieuiiiuc oi
uboiiior, oi uici wcr icuorubc eciiuir iui c i roi picruri.

Oc oj D|J rjceiibc.
i. 1cq uic vciq cjjceiivc urd ujc.
2. Curc ir vuiru bccdir uic vciq roinu. i i roi uinju urd roi u ir oj durci.

!uogoieIa-oaIg OuaI
oaeuaooeI.oi

Women who use Progesfin-onIy OroI confrocepfives shouId swoIIow o piII every doy fo prevenf pregnoncy. If confoins
very smoII omounfs of onIy one kind of hormone, o progesfin. Agoin, fhey confoin onIy one-hoIf fo one fenfh os much
progesfin os combined oroI confrocepfives. They do nof confoin esfrogen. These ore known os progesfin-onIy piIIs
(POPs), POCs ond mini piIIs.

Progesfin-onIy confrocepfives ore oIso besf recommended for breosf-feeding women. They do nof reduce miIk
producfion.

How do they work?
Progesfin works in o monner simiIor fo breosf-feeding. If fhickens fhe cervicoI mucus, moking if difficuIf for sperm
fo poss fhrough. If reduces ovuIofion (reIeose of eggs from ovories) fo hoIf of fhof of mensfruoI cycIe.

Progesfin-onIy oroI confrocepfives do nof disrupf exisfing pregnoncy.

How effective ure they?
O or breosf feeding women: Progesfin is more effecfive fhon combined oroI confrocepfives, which ore
commonIy used, becouse breosf feeding ifseIf provides profecfion ogoinsf pregnoncy. Pregnoncy rofes for
women nof breosf-feeding ore nof ovoiIobIe.
There is onIy obouf one pregnoncy per I00 women in fhe firsf yeor of use. Misfokes in piII foking Ieod fo
pregnoncy more offen fhon wifh combined oroI confrocepfives. However, piII foking moybe eosier, becouse o
womon fokes fhe some piII every doy wifhouf breoks.
O or oII women: Progesfin-onIy oroI confrocepfives ore very effecfive when used correcfIy ond consisfenfIy.
There ore 0.b pregnoncies per I00 women in fhe firsf yeor of use (I in every Z00). Combined oroI
confrocepfives which ore used correcfIy ond consisfenfIy ore more effecfive fhon fhe obove menfioned
confrocepfives.
If is mosf effecfive when foken obouf fhe some fime every doy.


Advuntuges und Disudvuntuges:

Advuntuges:
I. If con be used by nursing mofhers sforfing o weeks offer chiIdbirfh. Meifher fhe quonfify nor fhe quoIify
of miIk is hormed. (In confrosf, combined oroI confrocepfives con sIighfIy reduce miIk producfion).
Z. If does nof increose risk of esfrogen-reIofed compIicofions, such os heorf offock or sfroke. Women foke
one piII every doy wifhouf breok. If is eosier fo undersfond fhon foking ZI-doy combined piIIs.
3. If con be very effecfive during breosf-feeding. AIso fhere is Iess risk of progesfin reIofed side effecfs,
Iike weighf goin, ocne efc. fhon wifh combined oroI confrocepfives.
Disudvuntuges:
I. Women nof breosf-feeding moy experience common side effecfs. Chonges in mensfruoI cycIe ore normoI,
incIuding irreguIor periods, spoffing or bIeeding befween periods (common), ond omenorrheo (missed
periods).
Z. Less common side effecfs incIude heodoches ond breosf fenderness.
3. ShouId be foken of obouf fhe some fime eoch doy fo work besf. or women nof breosf-feeding, even foking
o piII more fhon o few hours Iofe, increoses fhe risk of pregnoncy, ond missing fwo or more piIIs increoses
fhe risk greofIy.
hen to sturt?
A womon con be given progesfin -onIy oroI confrocepfives of ony fime ond foId when fo sforf foking fhem.

A breosf-feeding womon con sforf os eorIy os o weeks offer chiIdbirfh. uIIy or neorIy fuIIy breosf-feeding
effecfiveIy prevenfs pregnoncy for of Ieosf o monfhs or unfiI she hos mensfruoI period.

A womon if nof breosf-feeding offer chiIdbirfh, con foke fhem immediofeIy or of onyfime in fhe firsf 4 weeks offer
chiIdbirfh. She need nof woif for her mensfruoI period fo refurn.

A womon who hos hod o miscorrioge or oborfion con foke progesfin-onIy confrocepfives immediofeIy or on fhe firsf
7 doys offer eifher firsf or second frimesfer miscorrioge or oborfion.

A womon hoving mensfruoI cycIes moy foke fhese confrocepfives in fhe firsf b doys of her mensfruoI bIeeding. The
firsf doy of fhe mensfruoI bIeeding is fhe besf. Mo bock up mefhod is needed for exfro profecfion.

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oaeuaooeIoa
WhaI is Emergency Oral ConIracepIion?
AIIer unproIecIed sex, emergency oraI conIracepIon can prevenI pregnancy. SomeImes caIIed posIcoIaI or 'mornng
aIIer' conIracepIon.

How does iI work?
ManIy sIops ovuIaIon (reIease oI egg Irom ovary) buI perhaps aIso works n oIher ways. Does noI dsrupI exsIng
pregnancy.

How ellecIive?
Seems Io prevenI abouI IhreeIourIhs oI pregnances IhaI wouId oIherwse have occurred. (Average chance oI pregnancy
due Io one acI oI unproIecIed nIercourse n Ihe second or Ihrd week oI Ihe mensIruaI cycIe s 8; aIIer emergency oraI
conIracepIves, 2). The sooner emergency conIroI conIracepIves are used, Ihe beIIer Ihey prevenI pregnancy.

How Io use Emergency Oral ConIracepIion ?
Up Io 72 hours aIIer unproIecIed sex, Ihe woman shouId Iake 4 Iowdose or 2 "sIandarddose" combned
oraI conIracepIves, and Ihen Iake anoIher equaI dose 12 hours IaIer.

Vaginal meIhods
VagnaI meIhods are conIracepIves IhaI a woman pIaces n her vagna shorIIy beIore sex. There are severaI vagnaI
meIhods:
O Spermcdes, ncIudng Ioamng IabIeIs or supposIores, meIIng supposIores, Ioam, meIIng IIm, jeIIy and
cream.
O Daphragm, a soII rubber cup IhaI covers Ihe cervx. II shouId be used wIh spermcdaI jeIIy or cream.
O ervcaI cap s Ike Ihe daphragm buI s smaIIer. II s noI wdeIy avaIabIe ouIsde NorIh Amerca, Lurope,
AusIraIa and New ZeaIand.
Spermcdes work by kIIng sperm or makng sperm unabIe Io move Iowards Ihe egg. Daphragms bIock Ihe sperm Irom
enIerng Ihe uIerus and Iubes, when sperm couId meeI an egg.

dvanIages:
1. SaIe, woman conIroIIed meIhods IhaI aImosI every woman can use.
2. HeIp prevenI some STDs and condIons caused by STDs peIvc nIIammaIory dsease (PID), nIerIIIy, ecIopc
pregnancy and possbIy cervcaI cancer. May oIIer some proIecIon agansI HIV,AIDS, buI Ihs has noI been
demonsIraIed yeI.
3. II oIIers conIracepIon when needed. No daIy acIon needed.
4. No sde eIIecIs Irom hormones.
S. No eIIecI on breasI mIk.
isadvanIages:
1. Sde eIIecIs:
Spermcde may cause rrIaIon Io woman or her parIner, especaIIy I used severaI Imes a day.

Spermcde may cause IocaI aIIergc reacIon (rareIy) n Ihe woman or her parIner.

an make urnary IracI nIecIons more common. (A woman can avod Ihs by aIways aIIer sex).
2. LIIecIveness requres havng meIhod aI hand and Iakng correcI acIon beIore each acI oI sexuaI nIercourse.
A woman can begn usng a vagnaI meIhod any Ime durng her monIhIy cycIe and soon aIIer chIdbrIh, aborIon
or mscarrage.

The daphragm and cervcaI cap generaIIy shouId noI be IIIed, however, n Ihe IrsI 6 Io 12 weeks aIIer IuIIIerm
deIvery or secondIrmesIer sponIaneous or nduced aborIon, dependng on when Ihe uIerus and cervx reIurn Io
Iher normaI szes. II needed a woman can use Ihe spermcdaI aIone or wIh condoms unII Ihen.
'aiooeomg
\~-ecrcq c..Je- e~:e:r cc:r~cer.c: lc e: .|c Jec.Je r|eq Jc r|eq ..|| :cr .~:r ce c|.|Je:. [r .- ~ -~le, -.|e ~:J _u.c| -ug.c~|
cceJue ~:J c~: e Jc:e .: ~ c|.:.c c cll.ce ..r| ce .:lecr.c: e.e:r.c: cceJue-. [r .- :cr c~-r~r.c:, ~:J Jce- :cr ~llecr r|e re-re-,
~:J .r Jce- :cr ~llecr -eu~| ~.|.rq.

_|e Jccrc ~|e- ~ -~|| ce:.:g .: r|e ~:- -ccru ,r|e -~c cl r|e -|.: r|~r |c|J- |.- re-r.c|e-` ~:J c|c-e- cll cr| rue- r|~r c~q -e
lc |.- re-r.c|e-. _|.- |ee- r|e -e cur cl |.- -ee:. _|e ~: c~: |~.e eecr.c:- ~:J e~cu|~re -ee:, .|.|e |.- -e :c |c:ge ~|e- ~
.c~: eg:~:r.

_|.- er|cJ |~- ee: lcu:J rc e .eq ellecr..e, ..r| o.+; eg:~:c.e- e +oo e: ,+ .: ,oo` .: r|e l.-r qe~ ~lre r|e cceJue. [r .- e.e:
ce ellecr..e .|e: ccecr|q u-eJ. _cecr u-e e~:- u-.:g cc:Jc- c ~:cr|e l~.|q |~::.:g er|cJ cc:-.-re:r|q lc r|e l.-r zo
e~cu|~r.c:- c r|e lc c:r|- ~lre r|e cceJue---.|.c|e.e cce- l.-r.

J.~:r~ge-.
+. [r .- .eq ellecr..e ~:J .- ~ e~:e:r er|cJ.
z. |cr|.:g rc eee ecer rc u-e cc:Jc- c ~:cr|e ellecr..e er|cJ lc r|e l.-r zo e~cu|~r.c:- c r|e l.-r r|ee c:r|-,
.|.c|e.e cce- l.-r.
. [r Jce- :cr ~llecr r|e ~.|.rq rc |~.e -e.
-. |c ~~e:r |c:g-re |e~|r| .-|-.
[.-~J.~:r~ge-.
+. _cc: .:c -|cr re cc|.c~r.c:- cl -ugeq.
--- _-u~||q u:cclcr~|e lc z rc J~q-
---_-u~||q u:cclcr~|e lc z rc J~q-
--- _.el lee|.:g cl l~.:r:e-- ~lre r|e cceJue
z. _:ccc: cc|.c~r.c: cl -ugeq.
--- _|eeJ.:g c .:lecr.c: ~r r|e .:c.-.c: -.re c .:-.Je r|e .:c.-.c:
--- _|cr c|cr- .: r|e -ccru

. |cr .eJ.~re|q ellecr..e. _|e l.-r zo e~cu|~r.c:- ~lre .~-ecrcq ~q cc:r~.: -e. _|e ccu|e u-r u-e ~:cr|e cc:r~cer..e er|cJ
lc r|e l.-r zo e~cu|~r.c:- c r|e c:r|----.|.c|e.e cce- l.-r.

-. [e.e-~| -ugeq .- J.ll.cu|r, ee:-..e ~:J :cr ~.~.|~|e .: c-r ~e~- cl r|e .c|J. _ucce-- c~::cr e gu~~:reeJ. |e: .|c ~q .~:r rc
|~.e ce c|.|Je: .: r|e lurue -|cu|J c|cc-e ~ J.llee:r er|cJ.[cr~:r c.:r- rc eee.
+. [r .- ~ e~:e:r l~.|q |~::.:g er|cJ. ~: u-r r|.:| c~elu||q ~:J Jec.Je r|~r |e ..|| :e.e .~:r ce c|.|Je: elce c|cc-.:g
\~-ecrcq.
z. [r .- .eq ellecr..e ~lre zo e~cu|~r.c:- c r|ee c:r|---- .|.c|e.e cce- l.-r.
. [:.c|.e- -~le ~:J -.|e -ugeq.
ouIaae 9mIaaei

7u !crplnnz \n rgizr zrnnr} c[ 7u jcplnzicn Jcnil [cr l;cncrgzrl ;rnl iplnnz iplnnz qz i n z c[
ix nll plnzi npl. 7u npl nr pln nr zu }in c[ n ncnn ppr nr.

!crplnnz npl cnznin nprcgzin, iilnr zc nnzrnl ucrcn zunz n ncnn ;cq n}. Iz i rln ;rq lcnlq [rc nll
ix npl. 7u zu npl pplq n znq, ;rq lcn c. !crplnnz iplnnz cnznin nc zrcgn.

A z c[ !crplnnz npl nn pr;nz prgnnnq [cr nz lnz [i; qnr. Iz nq prc; zc ; [[zi; lcngr.

+cn c zuq ncr}

!crplnnz npl zui}n r;inl n}ing iz i[[ilz [cr pr zc pn zurcgu. Iz zcp c;lnzicn \rln c[ gg [rc
c;nri in n;cz unl[ c[ zu nzrnl ql n[zr zu [irz qnr c[ .

+cn [[zi; nr zuq

7uq nr ;rq [[zi; nn un; n rnz c[ ^./ prgnnni pr /^^ ncn in zu [irz qnr c[ \/ in ;rq /^^^. ^;r 5 qnr, /./
prgnnni pr /^^ ncn.

A;nnzng nn ]in;nnzng:

A;nnzng:
/. !crplnnz npl nr ;rq [[zi; ;n in un;ir ncn.
z. Iz prc;i lcng zr prgnnnq prczzicn, ;z i r;ri;l.
^. A ingl iicn nn gi; ;rq [[zi; cnzrnpzicn p zc [i; qnr.
+. Iz gi; inrn xnl njcqnz, n zur i nc n zc ncrrq n;cz prgnnnq.
5. )rzilizq rzrn nlcz iinzlq n[zr zu npl nr rc;.
/. Iz c ncz unr zu gnlizq nn gnnzizq c[ zu ;rnz il} nn nn ; ;q nring czur znrzing ix n} n[zr
uil;irzu.
7. Iz un nc zrcgn i [[z.
]in;nnzng:
/. Jccn i [[z \ncz ign c[ i}n---
Junng in nzrnl ;ling i ncrnl, inling:
---[iguz pczzing cr ;ling ;znn cnzulq pric \ccn,
--- jrclcng ;ling \nccn, nn c[zn rn n[zr [irz [n cnzu, cr
--- Ancrrun. \,c ncn Ancrrun n nn n;nnzng.
,c ncn un;:
--- +nnu,
--- Jnlnrgnz c[ c;nri cr nlnrgnz c[ c;nrinn qz,
--- ]iin,
--- Frnz znrn nn.cr iunrg,
--- !r;cn,
--- !nn,
--- An cr }in rnu,
--- Junng in nppziz,
--- Viguz gnin \zucgu n [n ncn lc niguz,
--- +nir lc cr cr unir grcnzu cn zu [n.
Jcz ncn c ncz un; nnq c[ zu i [[z, nn cz i [[z gc nnnq nizucz zrnznz nizuin zu [irz qnr.
z. 7u ncnn nnncz znrz cr zcp cn ur cnn. Jnpl z ; inrz nn rc; in ;q n pinllq zrnin
prnzizicnr.
^. ]ic[crz [cr ;rnl ucr zc cn nq n[zr inrzicn [cr c ncn un ;n nczi. 7ui nq ;n cnzin [cr ;rnl
nq [cr n [n ncn. jc;nl i czi pnin[l nn c[zn cr i[[ilz zunn inrzicn.
+. 7u npl c ncz prczz ngninz xnllq zrnnizz in inling +IV.AI],.
Vun zc znrz
/. )cr ncn un;ing nzrnl ql, nnq zi iz i rznin zunz u i ncz prgnnnz.
z. Frnz [ing ncn nq znrz n nrlq n ix n} n[zr ;irzu.
^. A ncn ncz ;rnz [ing n[zr uil;irzu nq znrz iinzlq cr nz nnq zi in zu [irz ix n} n[zr uil;irzu.
,u n ncz nniz [cr ur nzrnl pric zc rzrn.
+. A ncnn nuc un un n inrring cr n;crzicn nq znrz iinzlq cr in zu [irz ;n nq n[zr izur [irz cr cn
zrizr inrring cr n;crzicn.
5. Iz nn ; znrz iinzlq n[zr nnq czur zuc i zcpp.
Ipcrznnz pcinz [cr zu r zc r;r.
/. Junng in ;nginnl ;ling nr ncrnl. 7u nr ncz n ign c[ nngr.
z. [c ucl un; zu iplnnz rc; 5 qnr n[zr zu inrzicn.
^. [c nn ucc zc rc; zu npl nnq zi qc nnnz, [cr nnq rncn.
+. [c nr n;i zc cnlz n czcr nz cn i[ qcr nr i cr [cr cr zunn n [n nq, cr i[ in[zicn cr \pnin, unz
nn rn, npl c cz, ;r unnu znrz cr ;c ncr n[zr qc ;gin ing iplnnz, cr qc zuin} qc
iguz ; prgnnnz, un; nnllq un;q ;nginnl ;ling cr ;r pnin cr znrn in zu lcnr ;llq, qcr }in cr
q ;c nnllq qllcn cr qc [l [ninz.
!crplnnz iplnnz c ncz pr;nz xnllq zrnnizz in \,7] inling +IV.AI],. I[ qc zuin} qc iguz gz nn ,7],
cnc rglnrlq nlcng nizu iplnnz.


9aeuaaeouIao o.Iooi

An inLrauLerine device (lUD) usually is a small, lexible plasLic rame. lL oLen has copper wire or copper sleeves on iL. lL is inserLed inLo a
woman's vagina Lhrough her uLerus. AlmosL all brands o lUDs have Lwo sLrings, or Lhreads, Lied Lo Lhem. 1he sLrings hang Lhrough Lhe
opening o Lhe cervix inLo Lhe vagina. A provider can remove Lhe lUD by pulling genLly on Lhe sLrings wiLh orceps.

The type now most wideIy used is.
Copper bearing lUDs (made o plasLic wiL copper sleeves and/or copper wire on Lhe plasLic). 1cu380A and MLCu-375 are Lhis Lype.

Hormone-releasing lUDs (made o plasLic, sLeadily release small amounLs o hormone progesLerone or anoLher progesLin such as
levenorgesLerel). LNC-20 and ProgesLaserL are Lhis Lype.

lUDs work chiely by prevenLing sperm and egg rom meeLing. Perhaps Lhe lUD makes iL hard or sperm Lo move Lhrough Lhe woman's
reproducLive LracL, and iL reduces Lhe abiliLy o sperm Lo erLilize Lhe egg. lL could also prevenL Lhe egg rom implanLing iLsel in Lhe wall
o Lhe uLerus.

lL is very eecLive as commonly used. And shows a raLe o only 3 pregnancies per 00 women.

Advantages.
. A single decision leads Lo eecLive long-Lerm prevenLion o pregnancy.
2. Long lasLing. 1he mosL widely used lUD (ouLside China), Lhe 1cu-380A, lasLs aL leasL 0 years. lnerL lUDs need never be
replaced.
3. 1hey are very eecLive and very liLLle need be remembered.
4. No inLererence wiLh sex.
5. lncreased sexual enjoymenL because Lhere is no need Lo worry abouL pregnancy.
6. 6. lL can be inserLed be inserLed immediaLely aLer childbirLh (excepL hormone releasing lUDs) or aLer induced aborLion (i
Lhere is no evidence o inecLion).
isadvantages.
. Common side eecLs. MensLrual changes (common in Lhe irsL 3 monLhs buL likely Lo lessen aLer Lhree monLhs.
---Longer and heavier mensLrual periods
---8leeding or spoLLing beLween periods
---More cramps or pain during periods
2. OLher uncommon side eecLs and complicaLions.
--- Severe cramps and pains beyond Lhe irsL 3 Lo 5 years aLer inserLion
--- Heavy mensLrual bleeding or bleeding beLween periods, possibly conLribuLing Lo anemia.
--- More likely wiLh inerL lUDs Lhan wiLh copper or hormone releasing lUDs.
3. OLher uncommon side eecLs and complicaLions.
--- Severe cramps and pain beyond Lhe irsL 3 Lo 5 days aLer inserLion
--- Heavy mensLrual bleeding or bleeding beLween periods, possibly conLribuLing Lo anemia. More like wiLh inerL lUDs Lhan
wiLh copper or hormone-releasing lUDs
--- PeroraLion (piercing) o Lhe wall o Lhe uLerus (very rare i Lhe lUD is properly inserLed).
4. Does noL proLecL againsL sexually LransmiLLed diseases (S1Ds) including Hlv/AlDS. NoL a good meLhod or women wiLh recenL
S1Ds or wiLh mulLiple sex parLners (or parLners wiLh mulLiple sex parLners).
5. Pelvic inlammaLory disease (PlD) is more likely Lo ollow S1D inecLion i a woman uses an lUD. PlD can lead Lo inerLiliLy.
oadomi
^ condo: : | c|' or covcr:nq :|dc 'o :' ovcr | :|n crcc' |cn:. l' : |o c|cd rucr, c|', :n |nd |ro|,|c':c, |nd no.n ,
:|n, d:crcn' r|nd n|:c. !o' co::on condo: |rc :|dc o ':n |'cx rucr. o:c condo: |rc co|'cd .:' | dr, ur:c|n' or .:'
|cr::c:dc. l:crcn' :zc, ||c, coor |nd 'cx'urc :|,c |v|:|c.

Condo: c| |rcvcn' o' |rcqn|nc, |nd cxu|, 'r|n::''cd d:c|c (1l). Lcd corrcc',, 'c, cc| |cr: |nd |n, d:c|c orq|n:: :n
'c c:cn ou' o 'c v|q:n|. Condo: |o 'o| |n, d:c|c c|u:nq orq|n:: ro: cn'cr:nq 'c |cn:.

1o c :q, ccc':vc, :' :u' c ucd corrcc', cvcr, '::c. !|n, :cn do no' uc condo: corrcc', or do no' uc 'c: cvcr, '::c 'c, |vc
cx. 1u, 'c, :|, r: c|u:nq |rcqn|nc,, qc'':nq 1l, or q:v:nq 1l 'o 'c:r ||r'ncr.

l' : o:c.|' ccc':vc or |rcvcn':nq |rcqn|nc, | co::on, ucd. != |rcqn|nc:c |cr !OO .o:cn :n 'c :r' ,c|r o uc |rc 'c r|'c.
o.cvcr, .cn corrcc', ucd 3 |rcqn|nc:c |cr !OO .o:cn |vc ccn rccordcd.

^dv|n'|qc.
O l' |rcvcn' 1l, l./^ll, | .c | |rcqn|nc,, .cn ucd corrcc',, .:' cvcr, |c' o cxu| :n'crcourc.
O l' c| |ro'cc' |q|:n' cond:':on c|ucd , 1l--- |cv:c :n|::|'or, d:c|c, cron:c ||:n |nd |o:, ccrv:c| c|nccr :n
.o:cn, :ncr'::', :n o' :cn |nd .o:cn.
O C|n c ucd 'o |rcvcn' 1l :ncc':on dur:nq |rcqn|nc,.
O C|n c ucd :::cd:|'c, |'cr c:d:r'.
--- No ccc' on rc|' :: (un:c co::ncd or| con'r|cc|':vc)
--- lro'cc' |q|:n' :ncc':on :n 'c u'cru |' | '::c .cn uc :ncc':on occur c|:,.
O l' : |c |nd | no or:on| :dc ccc'.
O C|n c ucd , :cn o | |qc.
O C|n c ucd .:'ou' cc:nq | c|' c|rc |rov:dcr :r'.
O 'cn c| |rcvcn' |rc:|'urc cj|cu|':on (c| 'c :|n |' onqcr dur:nq cx.)
l:|dv|n'|qc.
!. L|'cx condo: :|, c|uc :'c:nq or or | c. |co|c .o |rc |crq:c 'o |'cx. ln |dd:':on, o:c |co|c :|,c |crq:c 'o 'c
ur:c|n' on o:c r|nd o condo:.
2. !|, dccrc|c cn|':on, :|:nq cx c cnjo,|c or c:'cr ||r'ncr.
3. Cou|c :u' '|c '::c 'o |u' 'c condo: on 'c crcc' |cn: corc cx.
=. l' :|, c c:|rr|:nq or o:c |co|c 'o |urc|c, | | ||r'ncr 'o uc, |u' on '|c o or 'ro. |.|, condo:.
o:c ::|or'|n' |o:n' 'o rc:c:cr.
!. Condo: |ro'cc' |q|:n' |rcqn|nc, | .c | cxu|, 'r|n::''cd d:c|c (1l), :ncud:nq l./^ll.
2. Condo: .or .c .cn ucd corrcc', .:' cvcr, |c' o cxu| :n'crcourc. o.cvcr, | condo: c|nno' .or .cn :' : no' ucd.
|vc | condo: corc ,ou nccd :', |nd c urc 'o uc :'.
3. Condo: cdo: rc| : |ro|cr, ucd.

aoeaeIag moaouuAoa
oeAod (
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^..
r- .. .. . . .. .... ...`
.- .. .. ,... .. ,... .,
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~ . .,. .. . .. .. .. . , ..,.... ... .. ,.
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. ,., . .. . , . .. . .. .. . .. .. ~ . . . .. ,
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.,.. - .. . . . . .. ., . . . .. ,... . ..
, . ,... ,.. . .. . ., . .,,. ,. . ,.,.
,.... , ~. . .,. ... .. ... ~ .,. .. .. .
.. . .. . .. .. .. . . , . .. . . .. .. .. ...
... ... .. .,. .. ., . . ,,. . . ,...

aiaI odg 9omouaeauo
what |s basa| body temperature?
Your oasa| oody lerperalure (88T) |s your |oWesl oody lerperalure |r a 21-rour per|od. Tre oesl l|re lo la|e |l |s Wrer you l|rsl Wa|e up |r lre rorr|rg. 8elore you
ever gel oul ol oed lo orusr your leelr or slarl your day, pop a oasa| lrerroreler |rlo your roulr. (Tr|s ||rd ol lrerroreler sroWs lre very l|ry degree crarges
lral a regu|ar ore car'l.) ll's |rporlarl lo lry lo Wa|e up ard la|e lr|s read|rg al aooul lre sare l|re eacr rorr|rg.
8asa| lrerrorelers are ava||ao|e al rosl drugslores ard usua||y core W|lr a crarl lor record|rg your lerperalure eacr day so lral you car slarl lo see your oody's
pallerrs. we rave a o|ar| crarl you car pr|rl oul, a|org W|lr slep-oy-slep |rslrucl|ors or roW lo use |l ard a prel|||ed sarp|e crarl. You'|| prooao|y Warl a leW cop|es
ol lre o|ar| crarl oecause |l W||| la|e al |easl a cyc|e or lWo lo l|gure oul your ovu|al|or pallerr.
8elore ovu|al|or, your 88T prooao|y rarges lror 9Z.2 lo aooul 9Z.Z degrees Farrerre|l. 8ul lWo or lrree days aller you ovu|ale, rorrora| crarges cause a r|se ol
0.1 lo 1.0 degree |r your 88T, Wr|cr |asls al |easl url|| your rexl per|od. (You ray rol|ce your lerperalure sp|||rg or olrer days rere ard lrere, oul ur|ess |l slays
up, you prooao|y raver'l yel ovu|aled.) ll you oecore pregrarl, your lerperalure W||| slay e|evaled lrrougroul your pregrarcy.
0l course, s|rce a 88T crarl W||| or|y le|| you lral you've ,70,/ ovu|aled, lre l|rsl rorlr ol record|rg your lerperalure Wor'l recessar||y oe very lru|llu|. 8ul oy
crarl|rg your 88T lor a leW rorlrs, you'|| oe ao|e lo see Wrelrer lrere's a pallerr lo your cyc|e, Wr|cr W||| erao|e you lo pred|cl ovu|al|or lre rexl l|re arourd - ard
lre oesl days lo rave sex |l you Warl lo gel pregrarl.
Keep |r r|rd lral |l you're s|c| or dor'l la|e your lerperalure |rred|ale|y aller Wa||rg up, ary pallerr lral you l|rd ray oe |raccurale.
lr add|l|or lo re|p|rg you pred|cl lre day ol ovu|al|or, 88T crarls car a|so sred sore ||grl or |rlerl|||ly |ssues. ll cerla|r prases ol your cyc|e are srorl, you ray
rave a rorrora| |roa|arce, lor exarp|e.

ou.IoaI maoai
V|. .~...| .....
.|~.~ ..~ ... '::~.~. ~ : ._..| '.|.._~, .~ : |.| .~...| ..... O~. |~ ...~ :
.. .~....| ..|~, |~ ...., .|., ..' ~..~ : .. .~...| .... || .|.._~, |..i
:|....._ |...~ |~~|. |~.i._ .. .~...| .... ..' i~~._ ...i : |~~ .|.._~ ... |~| .
:_..~ . |~. ..~ .|.._.
~.~ |. ~~. |.._|. .. ..|~. s~_..._ | .. ~.', .|| : ...~ |.~ .~....|
||'. V|~. .. ~.' ~., .|| . |i~| |~ '. :. ~~..| '.. .:~. |., .|| .. |.~
.|.'-.|.~' .... |. .._|| |~ ..~.. : .i ..~. ?..~ . ~. |i~| ...~~ .
.. : |~~ '..
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~. ...| |i~ .. ~__ |~, ..' .|| |.~ ..~ : . ?. ... .~.~.|~. |. | ~ : ....
.~.. |.|-..i._ .~ : . |.i : | .|~.., |~. q..| ..i~ ~.~. :. |~ ~..
..~| |~ ~__. .|~ |. '. . ~~ | ~__-|~ ..~.. |~ '. |. ..~ . :~.|~
...|| |~ '. |~:.~ . |~ '. : .|...
. _' .~ .|~.i .. .~...| .... |~. . :. _ |~ |.|.. . |~ ...._. :: ..~
.| .i._ .. |..| |' ~.~....~, |~ ..~ ' |. :., |~:.~ . _~ . : |~'.
s.~ .~. |.~ ~.._| .~...| .... '.|.._~ |. |~ ... .|~.i | |i._ . |~ |~ .~.
.:~. |~ ~. O|~. .~~' .||~. .~ .... | |~. :._~.. V||~ ._ . |~ |~, .|
.~. . .|~.. .'~ . .''|~ :._~. . .. ._.. ..' .~..| ..' .. .~.. c~ .~ : |~ |q.'
. .. :._~., : . ..., . ... ~...~ .