De Jesus, Arrhys McCoy F.

1BES1
Philippine Government and Constitution
Due to be passed: Nov. 24, 2011
THE STATE OF MONACO
A.Introduction
Monaco is the second smallest independent state in the world, aIter the
Vatican City. It is located on the Mediterranean Coast surrounded by France.
Historical Background:
Monaco was Iounded in 1215 as a colony oI Genoa. It has been ruled by the
House oI Grimaldi, a Iamily Irom Genoa at the time oI the early Crusades.
The French took control during 1789 up to 1814. It was designated as a
protectorate oI Sardinia Irom 1815 until 1860 by the Treaty oI Vienna and
its sovereignty was recognized by the Franco-Monegasque Treaty oI 1861.
The Prince oI Monaco was an absolute ruler until a constitution promulgated
in 1911.

France was to provide limited protection over Monaco as noted in the Treaty
oI Versailles. It also established that the Monegasque policy would be
aligned with French political, economical and military interests.

To guarantee Iundamental liberties, a supreme court was established in 1962
and under a new constitution, capital punishment was abolished and women
were provided with the right to vote.

Monaco became an oIIicial member oI the United Nations with Iull vothing
right in 1993 and it joined the Council oI Europe in 2004.
B. !0opl0
Monegasque, these are the people oI Monaco. Most oI them are Roman
Catholics.
Today, Monaco`s population was estimated at 30,539 with an average
growth rate oI -0.124

Their languages are mainly French, English and Monegasque, a blend oI
Italian and French. The literacy rate is 99. The oIIicial religion is Roman
Catholicism with Ireedom oI other religions guaranteed by the constitution.
C.T0rritory, Land and G0ography.
ith an area oI 2 square kilometres, Monaco is the second smallest
independent state in the world. It lies on the Mediterranean Coast and
bordered by France. It is divided into Iour sections: Monaco-Ville, the oldest
city on a rocky promontory extending into the Mediterranean. It has an
estimated population oI 1,151 people; La Condamine, the second oldest
district in Monaco known Ior its distinctive wide harbour and moored
yachts; Monte Carlo, the main residential area. It has an estimated
population oI 15,000. It is also known Ior its resorts and casinos. The Monte
Carlo quarter not only includes the area proper but also the neighbourhoods
oI Saint-Michel, Saint-Roman/Tenao and the beach community oI Larvotto.;
The last is Fontvieille, an area constructed on land reclaimed Irom the sea. It
is the youngest oI the Iour districts. There are also six other wards oI
residential area wherein Monegasque people inhabits.

Due to its small area, Monaco was deemed as the second smallest state, only
behind the Vatican. This is also the reason why the state has a small amount
natural resources.
.Gov0rnm0nt
Monaco is under constitutional monarchy, wherein a monarch acts as head
oI the state within the parameters oI the state`s constitution. It has been this
way since 1911 with the 'Prince oI Monaco as its leader. There is,
however, an executive branch which consists oI a minister presides over a
Iive-member council oI government.
Under the 1962 constitution, the prince shares his power with the unicameral
National Council. This is consisted oI twenty-Iour members oI the
legislative body who are elected Irom lists by universal suIIrage Ior a Iive-
year term oI public service.
E. Sov0r0ignty
Monaco was granted sovereignty by the Franco-Monegasque Treaty oI
1861.
On the Iirst agreement under the Treaty oI Vienna, Monaco is to serve as the
protectorate oI the isle oI Sardinia. On the second treaty on July 17, 1981, It
is agreed that at the time the heir to the Monagasque throne had no
legitimate children, the French is to decided on who is to succeed the throne;
never is the distant relatives oI the Monegasque monarch is to step in Ior the
French is against it. A third treaty was signed on October 24, 2002. The new
treaty deals with issues oI sovereignty which were resolved in the 2002
revision oI Monaco's constitution. Under the constitutional revisions,
approved by the treaty, only a member oI the Grimaldi line can assume the
throne, thereIore resolving concerns that through the 1918 treaty Monaco
could potentially become a French protectorate.
In 1993, Monaco became a Iull member oI the United Nations and attained
Iull priveledge to vote in international issues.
F. Analysis and Conclusion.
Monaco has all the elements required to be a state; people, territory,
government and sovereignty. It has quite a simple history but it has proven
itselI to be a competent country. I`ve noticed some inIormation in the data
that shows that Monaco is somewhat successIul as a state. One oI its
characteristics that I admire is that its inhabitants are 99 literate. It could
be either because oI the less number oI population, the concentrated area or
the discipline oI the government.
Because oI this, it proved itselI worthy oI its sovereignty. It has earned its
respect Irom the other countries due to these well-used aspects oI the state.

I thereIore conclude that the less the people and territory there is within the
state, the easier it is Ior the disciplined government to control and develop
the country and to maintain its sovereignty that it acquired. Though it need
not mean that it should be taken to the extent oI it being insuIIicient Ior
growth and progress.
Acknol0dg0m0nts and Sourc0s
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3397.htm
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-Iactbook/geos/mn.html