ACTIVITY # 1: LE CHATELIERSS PRINCIPLE

Le Chateliers Principle can be stated as if stress is applied to a system at equilibrium, the equilibrium system will move to the direction to relieve the stress. The stress we are referring here are concentration, temperature, pressure, volume and catalyst. This activity will focus on the effect of concentration and temperature on the system at equilibrium. PROCEDURE: 1. Cobalt ion complexes Cobalt (II) ions, Co2+, exist in water as complexes that have a pink color. Other complexes exhibit different colors. One of which is the blue colored CoCl42- complex. The intensity of the blue complex depends on the concentration of the chloride ion as shown on the equation below: Co(H2O)62+(aq) + 4Cl-(aq) CoCl42-(aq) + 6H2O(l) Pink blue a. Pour 10 drops of cobalt (II) chloride solution into each of four small test tubes. To the first tube, add 5 drops of concentrated HCl. Note the change, if any. b. To the second test tube, add 5 drops of 0.1M AgNO3 solution. Shake the test tube to mix. Note the change if any. c. To the third test tube, add a small amount of solid ammonium chloride, shake to mix. Compare the test tube with the fourth test tube. Place both tubes in a beaker containing boiling water and note for any change that occur. Cool both tubes, note for any change. Tabulate and explain your observation. 2. Ionization of acetic acid The ionization of acetic acid is given by the equation below: CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq)

Since no species in this reaction is colored, a methyl orange (MO) indicator will be used. Methyl orange is red in strongly acidic solution, and will change to yellow with an intermediate orange color as the H3O+ concentration decreases. a. Pour 10 drops of 0.1 M acetic acid into a test tube and add 1 to 2 drops of MO. Add a few crystals of sodium acetate, CH3COONa, in the solution. Shake the solution gently to dissolve the crystal. Record your observation and explain. b. Do part A, but instead of CH3COONa, add a few drops of 1M sodium hydroxide. Record and explain your observations. 3. The thiocyano iron (III) complex ion Thiocyano iron (III) complex,Fe(SCN)2+ is formed from iron (III) ions and thiocyanate ions (SCN-) as depicted by the equation. Fe3+(aq) + SCN-(aq) tan Fe(SCN)2+(aq) blood red
2+

a. Pour 10 drops of thiocyano-iron (III) complex, Fe (SCN) separate tubes.

solution on three

b. Add 5 drops of 0.1 M iron (III) nitrate solution to the first tube. c. Add 5 drops of 0.1 M potassium thiocyanate solution to the second tube. d. To the remaining tube, add 5 drops of 10% NaOH solution. e. Record and explain changes on the three different tubes. GROUP # 3: Amano, Caidic, Macalalad Date: July 15, 2011 LE CHATELIERS PRINCIPLE OBSERVATION: A. Cobalt Ion Complexes: Description of Cobalt (II) chloride: liquid, pink, clear Description of 0.1 M AgNO3: liquid, colorless, clear Description of NH4Cl: solid white crystals, like table salt Test tube # 1 2 3 4 3 4 Combination CoCl2 + conc. HCl CoCl2 + 0.1 M AgNO3 CoCl2 + NH4Cl + heat CoCl2 + heat CoCl2 + NH4Cl (after heating) CoCl2 (after heating) Observation No change White particles appeared and the solution became cloudy From pink, became violet then blue No change From blue, became violet then pink No change

B. Ionization of Acetic Acid: Description Description Description Description Test tube # 1 2 3 of of of of CH3COOH: liquid, colorless, clear Methyl orange: liquid, red/red-orange, clear CH3COONa: solid white crystals, like table salt 1M NaOH: liquid, colorless, clear Combination CH3COOH + MO CH3COOH + MO + CH3COONa CH3COOH + MO + 1M NaOH Observation From colorless to red From red to bright orange From red to bright orange

C. Thiocyanoiron (III) complex ion Description Description Description Description Test tube # 1 2 3 QUESTIONS: 1. Write chemical equations for all combinations that give positive results. In each case, determine the direction of reaction. of of of of Fe(SCN)2+ complex: re/ deep red?? 0.1 M Fe(NO3)3: yellow/deep yellow?? 0.1 M KSCN: liquid, colorless, clear 10% NaOH: liquid, colorless, clear Combination Fe(SCN)2+ + Fe(NO3)3 Fe(SCN)2+ + KSCN Fe(SCN)2+ + 10% NaOH Observation Became dark red Became dark red Became very light yellow

2. Explain the direction of the reaction for all combinations in terms of Qc.

Conclusion: