B.E/B.Tech.DEGREEEXAMINATION,MAY/JUNE2009 EighthSemester ElectronicsandCommunicationEngineering EC1015SATELLITECOMMUNICATION (CommontoVIISemesterB.Tech.InformationTechnologyand VIISemesterPartTimeB.E(ECE)) (Regulation2004) Time:Threehours AnswerALLquestions PARTA(10x2=20Marks) 1. Asatelliteisorbitingintheequatorialplanewithaperiodfromperigeetoperigeeof 12hours.Giventhattheeccentricityis0.002,calculatethesemimajoraxis.The earth'sequatorialradiusis6378.1414km. 2. Whatarepolarorbitingsatellites?

3. Determinetheangleoftiltrequiredforapolarmountusedwithanearthstationat

Maximum:100Marks

latitude49 north.Assumeasphericalearthofmeanradius6371kmandignore earthstationaltitude. 4. Whatisatransponder? 5. Asatellitedownlinkat12Ghzoperateswithatransmitpowerof6Wandanantenna gainof48.2dB.CalclulatetheERIPindBW. 6. Whatisintermodulationnoise? 7. WhatisaSPADEsystem? 8. WhatisCDMA? 9. Whatistheorbitalspacingofasatellite? 10.WhatareVSATs?

PARTB(5x16=80Marks) 11.(a)(i) StateKepler'sthreelawsofplanetarymotion.Explaintheirrelevanceto artificialsatellitesorbitingtheearth. (8) (ii) DefineUniversaltimeandsideraltime. (4)

(iii) Thecosmos1675satellitehasanapogeeheightof39342kmandaperigee hightof613km.Determinethesemimajoraxisandtheeccentricityofits orbit.Assumeameanearthradiusof6371km. (4) OR (b)(i) Discussaboutfrequencyallocationsforsatelliteservices. (8)

(ii) Whataretheeffectsofanonsphericalearthontheorbitalmechanicsof asatellite? (4) (iii) Calculatetheradiusofacircularorbitforwhichtheperiodis1day. (4) 12.(a)(i) DiscussaboutnearGeostationaryorbits. (6)

(ii) Determinethelimitsofvisibilityforanearthstationsituatedatmeansea level,atlatitude48.42northandlongitude89.26west.Assumeaminimum angleofelevationof5. (6) (iii) Discussabousuntransitoutage. OR (b)(i) Discussindetailaboutattitudecontrolofasatellite. (8) (4)

(ii) WhatisthechiefadvantageofTWTAusedaboardsatellitescomparedto othertypesofhighpoweramplifiers?Whatarethemaindisadvantagesof TWTA? (4) (iii) Whatisthermalcontrol?Whyisitrequired? (4)

13.(a)(i) Withtheaidofablockdiagram,describethefunctioningoftheindoor receivingunitofasatelliteTV/FMreceivingsystemintendedforhome reception. (8)

(ii) InmostsatlliteTVreceivers,thefirstIFbandisconvertedtoasecond,fixed IF.Whyisthissecondfrequencyconversionrequired? (2) (iii) Discussaboutantennamisalignmentlosseswithrelevantfigures. OR (b)(i) Anantennahasanoisetemperatureof35Kandismatchedintoareceiver whichhasanoisetemperatureof100K.Calculatethenoisepowerdensity andthenoisepowerbandwidthof36MHz. (4) (ii) Whatisinputbackoff?Describeit.Alsosubstantiatethereasonbehind employingit. (6) (iii) Derievethelinkpowerbudgetequation. 14.(a)(i) Discussindetailaboutdirectsequencespreadspectrum. (6) (8) (6)

(ii) InaTDMAnetworkthereferenceburstandthepreambleeachrequires560 bitsandthenominalguardintervalbetweenburstsisequivalentto120bits. Giventhatthereareeighttraffficburstsandonereferenceburstperframeand thetotalframelengthisequivalentto40800bits,calculatetheframe efficiency. (4) (iii) Distinguishbetweenpreassignedanddemandassignedtrafficinrelationtoa satellitecommunicationnetwork. (4) OR (b)(i) DiscussindetailaboutsatellitelinksandTCP. (10)

(ii) Explainwhatismeantbyasymmetricchannels.Describehowasymmetric channelsmaybeincorporatedininternetconnectionsviasatellites. (6) 15.(a)(i) Fora24Mhzbandwidthtransponderandallowingforarollofffactorof0.2, whatisthesymbolrate? (2) (ii) DiscussindetailaboutMPEGcompressionstandards. (10)

(iii) TheEIRPofa240Wtransponderis57dBW.Calculatetheapproximategain oftheantenna.Supposeifthistransponderisswitchedto120W.Whatwillbe thenewEIRP,giventhesameantennaisused? (4)

(b)(i) (ii)

OR DiscussindetailaboutGlobalPositioningsatellitesystem.

(10)

Writebriefnotesontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofusingsatellitesin LEOs,MEOsandGEOsformobilesatellitecommunications. (6)