Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006

1
SECTION A (30 marks)

PART I: Multiple choice |20 marks|

1. Which oI the Iollowing statements is true about operational ampliIiers?
A) Op-amps are very high-gain ampliIiers.
B) Op-amps have very low output impedance.
C) Op-amps have very high input impedance.
D) All oI the above

2. The common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is the ratio oI .
A) the diIIerence mode gain to the common mode gain
B) the common mode gain to the diIIerence mode gain
C) noninverting gain to inverting gain
D) inverting gain to noninverting gain

3. An op-amp bandpass active Iilter provides a constant output .
A) Irom dc to I
H

B) Ior all Irequencies higher then I
L

C) Irom I
L
to I
H

D) Irom dc to inIinite Irequency

4. An op-amp has a slew rate oI 1.5V/3s. How long would it take the output voltage to change
Irom 12V to 12V?
A) 18 3s
B) 16 3s
C) 36 3s
D) 48 3s



Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006
2
5. The basic power supply is made up oI .
A) a regulator, a Iollower, and a rectiIier
B) a Iilter, a Iollower, and a regulator
C) a rectiIier, a Iilter, and a regulator
D) None oI the above

6. A rectiIier is used to .
A) convert ac to unregulated dc
B) reduce the variations in a pulsating dc signal
C) maintain a constant power supply dc output voltage
D) convert one dc level to another

7. A Iiltered rectiIier has a 15 V
dc
output with 100 mV
p-p
oI ripple. The peak voltage, V
pk
Ior the
circuit is .
A) 15.1 V
peak

B) 14.9 V
peak

C) 15.05 V
peak

D) 47.2 V
peak


8. The main diIIerence between 78xx and 79xx series regulators is that
A) the 78xx series is adjustable and the 79xx series is Iixed
B) the 78xx series is Iixed and the 79xx series is adjustable
C) the 78xx series provides a positive Iixed output voltage and the 79xx series provides a
negative Iixed output voltage
D) the 78xx series provides a negative Iixed output voltage and the 79xx series provides
a positive Iixed output voltage





Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006
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9. The Ieedback circuit connection shown here is .





A) voltage-series Ieedback
B) voltage-shunt Ieedback
C) current-series Ieedback
D) current-shunt Ieedback

10. II the ampliIier has input impedance, Z
i
10 kO, ampliIier gain A 2000, and 0.02,
the input impedance Ior voltage-series Ieedback, Z
iI
is .
A) 10 kO
B) 410 kO
C) 244 O
D) 50 O

11. An oscillator has the Iollowing values: A
v
188 and 0.00488. Which oI the Iollowing
statements is true?
A) The circuit has a constant amplitude output.
B) The output Irom the circuit Iades out aIter several cycles.
C) The output Irom the circuit clips aIter several cycles.
D) None oI the above

12. In a positive Ieedback system, the Ieedback signal and the ampliIier input signal are
.
A) in phase
B) 45 out oI phase
C) 90 out oI phase
D) 180 out oI phase

Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006
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13. The time required Ior I
C
to increase Irom 10 oI its maximum value to 90 oI its maximum
value is called
A) delay time
B) storage time
C) rise time
D) Iall time

14. The output Irom an inverter has a pulse width oI 55 s and a space width oI 30 s. What is
the duty cycle oI the circuit?
A) 55
B) 64.7
C) 85
D) 39.3

15. A BJT has the Iollowing values: td 20 nS, tr 20 nS, ts 150 nS, and tI 60 nS. What is
the practical maximum operating Irequency, I
max
oI the device in any switching application?
A) 6.7 MHz
B) 4 MHz
C) 17.5 MHz
D) 175 kHz

16. The condition where increase in bias current will not cause Iurther increases in collector
current, I
C
is called .
A) cutoII
B) saturation
C) active operation
D) All oI the above




Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006
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17. Which oI the Iollowing is an application oI the 566 IC?
A) monostable multivibrator
B) VCO
C) Comparator
D) astable multivibrator

18. When a sinusoidal waveIorm is applied to the modulating input a basic 566 circuit, the
output Irequency increases .
A) as the input goes more positive
B) as the input goes more negative
C) whenever the input crosses through zero in either direction
D) The answer cannot be determined without knowing the values oI R and C Ior the
circuit.

19. A common application oI the PLL is .
A) Irequency synthesis
B) FM demodulation
C) demodulation oI two carrier Irequencies
D) All oI the above

20. A 555 monostable multivibrator begins it timing cycle .
A) at intervals determined by the values oI R and C
B) in the lock range
C) negative-going edge oI the input trigger waveIorm
D) positive-going edge oI the input trigger waveIorm






Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006
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PART II: True or False |10 marks|

1. Slew rate is the maximum rate at which the ampliIier input voltage can change.
|True/False|
2. A second order high-pass Iilter has a slope oI 40 dB/decade above the cut-oII Irequency.
|True/False|
3. A voltage regulator maintains a constant power supply dc output voltage
|True/False|
4. A 7912 IC regulator maintains the output voltage at 12V.
|True/False|
5. Positive Ieedback is also called regenerative Ieedback.
|True/False|
6. Voltage-series Ieedback decreases the input impedance oI an op-amp.
|True/False|
7. When a BJT transistor is used in a switching circuit, it operates in the active regions.
|True/False|
8. When a BJT is in cutoII, the collector-to-emitter voltage, V
CE
is typically equal to 0.3V.
|True/False|
9. A 566 circuit produces square and triangular waveIorm.
|True/False|
10.PLL can be used as a Irequency-to-voltage converter.
|True/False|









Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006
7
SECTION B: STRUCTURED (70 marks)

QUESTION 1 25 marks]
a) ReIer to op-amp circuit in Figure 1. Derive the expression oI output voltage V
O
. What is the
Iunction oI the circuit?
(4 marks)





b) ReIer to op-amp circuit in Figure 2.
i. Derive the output voltage V
O
in terms oI V
1
and V
2
using standard equation Ior basic op-
amp circuit. |4m|
ii. Calculate V
O
iI V
1
1V and V
2
2V. |2m|
iii. Sketch V
1
, V
2
and V
0
iI V
1
and V
2
is a sinusoidal waveIorm with the peak voltage oI
1V
(peak)
and 2V
(peak)
respectively. Your sketch must be at least two cycles. |8m|

(14 marks)







c) Design an op-amp circuit that has output voltage expression oI V
0
6V
1
4V
2
. Assume that
V
1
and V
2
have positive value.
(7 marks)



Figure 1

10 k
20 k
10 k
4 k
5 k
Figure 2
Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006
8
QUESTION 2 25 marks]
a) Figure 3 shows the output oI rectiIier when Iiltered by a 1003F capacitor. The load takes a
DC current oI 50mA. The supply Irequency is 60Hz.
i. Calculate the peak-to-peak value oI ripple voltage, V
R (p-p)
|4m|
ii. Calculate the Iiltered DC voltage, V
DC
|2m|
iii. Determine the percentage oI ripple |2m|
iv. Calculate the load resistance, R
L
|2m|
v. Give a reason why the output oI a rectiIier must be Iiltered. |1m|
vi. Explain the relationship between capacitor Iilter, C and ripple voltage, V
R
. |3m|
(14 marks)








b) ReIer to oscillator circuit shown in Figure 4. Given that R 130 and C 103F.
i. What is the name oI the oscillator circuit? |1m|
ii. What is the value oI Ieedback Iactor, . Ior this oscillator? |1m|
iii. Derive the relation between R
1
and R
F
Ior proper oscillation. |3m|
iv. Determine the value oI R
F
so that the circuit can oscillate. |1m|
v. Calculate the oscillation Irequency. |2m|
vi. II R
F
60k, what will happen to the output? |3m|
(11 marks)






30V
Figure 3

2 k
Figure 4
Confidential EBD 2043 / July Nov 2006
9
QUESTION 3 20 marks]
a) Figure 5 shows a LED driver circuit using BJT. Determine the value oI R
B
and R
C
. Also,
calculate the power consumption oI the circuit.
(9 marks)














b) ReIer to the 566 circuit as shown in Figure 6.
i. Calculate the sensitivity, k
o
oI the circuit |2m|
ii. Determine the minimum and maximum Irequency can be generated by the circuit.
|8m|
iii. Give one application example oI the circuit. |1m|
(11 marks)













End of Question Paper



Figure 6

. 155
V
CE(sat)
0.3V
I
LED
18.5mA
V
LED
2.6V
Figure 5
I
B