MAE 451

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 3 2. Customer Requirements .............................................................................. 6 3. Customer Requirements to Engineering Specifications.................................... 7 4. Engineering Specification ............................................................................. 9 5. House of Quality ....................................................................................... 10 6. Interpretation of House of Quality. ............................................................. 11 7. References ............................................................................................... 12

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1. Introduction
Electricity in most third world countries is considered a luxury and not a necessity. Considering the fact that most of these countries gets more sunlight than the more developed western nations, says that something could be done about it. Since the mid-20th century, solar energy as a source of power has been researched, developed and experimented with. The main reason this hasnt been completely established as part of a societal requirement is due to the inconsistency of solar power in the west. In Sotoko State, Nigeria, the average daytime temperature is 96 F and stays consistent year round. This state is located at longitudes 48'E and 654'E and latitudes 12'N and 1358'N. This puts it about 420 miles from the Sahara desert, whose latitude stretches from approximately 35 degrees N to 15 degrees N. Its longitude extends from approximately 35 degrees W to 15 degrees E. This means they get about 12 hours of daylight year round. In this state lies a county called Silame county. According to the 2006 census of Nigeria, it boasts of 24300 people and covers a 210 km 2(130miles2). Most of the land are dry with sparse vegetation. That, notwithstanding, the most of the locals are agriculturalists. The basic plant cultivated is millet and also cattle rearing. Due to the dry weather, most of the herders are nomadic farmers. They move their cattle south during the drier seasons and comeback when precipitation increases. The county houses about 80 villages. Each village has approximately 50 families with an average of 22 persons. Electricity is a major problem because these village shares one electrical transformer with the rest of the county, Silame, which covers an area of 790km 2 and is home to 104,378 people. Due to this, electricity is sporadically rationed amongst the communities. We chose this location based on their climate and the desperate need for a better quality of life.

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Climate Sokoto Nigeria[3] Temperature - Precipitation Jan Average high in F Average low in F Av. precipitation inch 91 61 0 Feb 97 63 0 Mar 102 72 0.04 Apr 106 79 0.2 May 102 79 1.38 F June 97 75 3.86

July Average high in F Average low in F Av. precipitation inch 91 73 6.46

Aug 88 72 7.6

Sep 91 72 3.78

Oct 99 72 0.59

Nov 97 66 0

Dec 91 61 0

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Fig 1: Climate chart Sokoto

Average Temperatures per Month

120

100

Temperature (F)

80

60

Average High Temperatures in F Average Low Temperatures in F

40

20

0
Apr May

Feb

Mar

Aug

Sep

Jun

Jan

Jul

This chart depicts the average temperatures in the Silame County.

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Nov

Dec

Oct

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2. Customer Requirements
Issues Water Customer Requirement Provides adequate amount of water for people & agriculture. Provides clean drinking water. Stores water. Maintenance Able to provide adequate power. Reliable Power. Easy to maintain Cheap to repair Durable Detail Provides enough water for the entire village, for their daily use. Filters water for safe drinking. Stores water as a buffer. Provides fair amount of power to run each household Dont experience power outages. Minimal amount of time required to perform routine maintenance. Minimal cost associated with expected breakdowns. Lasts for a long time without failures. Comprised with several key components. Components are scalable. Easily transportable to location Space required doesnt affect the community. Minimum training required to operate the system. Able to operate with current infrastructure. Affordable with charity, funds or subsidy.

Power

Performance

Modular Adaptable Accessibility Minimum Space Ease to operate Compatible

Cost

Affordable with aid

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3. Customer Requirements to Engineering Specifications

Customer Requirement Provides adequate amount of water for people & agriculture. Provides clean drinking water Stores water Detail Enough to cover residential and commercial daily needs. Highest efficacy water purifier Enough to feed entire town in case of national disaster or any emergency. Able to provide enough electricity for entire town. Least power outage as possible Able to finish the repair within least time as possible. Able to find defected part easily, and with reasonable price. Try to manage high quality-lasting parts, fits best within the budget. Each operation can work independently. (water, solar panel, ext.) System meet different levels of demand Able transport solar panels to different location easily with commercial transportation. Engineering Requirement Water for people Engineering Intake Maximum Value

Removes up to 15 nm 10,000 gal tank

Maximum Value Maximum Value

Able to provide adequate power. Reliable Power. Easy to maintain Cheap to repair

Maximum value No interruptions 2-3 hours/week Minimum value as possible Minimum value as possible Minimum value as possible Maximum value

$250/repair 6 months/ break

Durable

Modular

Each system is independent

Target Value.

Adaptable Accessibility

Size of system relies on output requires. Fits on one truck.

Maximum Value Minimum value as possible

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Minimum Space

Ease to operate Compatible

Affordable with aid

Able to work within the area provided by the government. Can be operated by least # of employees. Able to attach their electric configuration wires with solar panels. Able to run project with funding provided.

Minimum Value

Takes two steps for Minimum value as activation of the possible system Wire standards for Target Value the current grid $40,000- total cost. Minimum value as possible

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4. Engineering Specification
Issues Water Engineering Specification Power Maintenances Cost No interruptions 2-3 hours/week $250/repair 6 months/ break Each system is independent. Size of system relies on output requires. Fits on one truck. Takes two steps for activation of the system. Wire standards for the current grid. $40,000- total cost. Water for people Removes up to 15 nm 10,000 gal tank

Performance

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5. House of Quality

See Attached Sheet.

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6. Interpretation of House of Quality.

In a House of Quality Customer Requirements and the corresponding Engineering Specifications are compared and their relationships studied. The interactions between the different Specifications are noted and analyzed. The HOQ will help show designers which Specifications are most important with relation to the Customer Requirements and show which will be the largest cost drivers. Our House of Quality the most important Customer Requirements are the following: 1. Affordability 2. Adequate Power Output 3. Adequate Water Supply 4. Clean Water Supply These all corresponded to Engineering Specifications: 1. Cost limit of $40000 This Specification received a score for Weight/Importance of 269.2, making it the most important of our Specifications. Our system is useless unless the target consumers can afford to purchase it with some sort of partial payment assistance. 2. 6 month between repairs This Specification received a score for Weight/Importance of 225.2, which is unexpected when compared to the rank of the corresponding Customer Requirement. This Specification is still important though, as any system should be this reliable to keep down maintenance costs as well as limit downtime. 3. Power output of 620kWh/day This Specification received a score for Weight/Importance of 217.8, which makes it the second most important Specification. This is what was calculated as the average power usage of the typical village. 4. Water output of 4000 gal/day This Specification received a score for Weight/Importance of 180.4, which corresponds with the Customer requirement rank of 3. This need was calculated for 3 gallons per person per day for 1300 people.

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The next important factor to study is the roof of the HOQ, which will show how the different Engineering Specifications will effect each other and which will be the biggest cost drivers. Our most interrelated Specifications and largest cost drivers are: Storage Capacity: This depends upon and impacts many factors including the ability of the system to fill the tank, the cost of a tank, the transport of the tank, and others. A large supply of water will require a large vessel for storage, which will increase the overall price. Power Output: This Spec relates to almost every other Specification citing it as the largest cost driver and most difficult to deal with of all of the specs listed. Water Output: This Specification also relates to most of the others and is a very important attribute of what the final system will do. From these we can imply that the most important drivers for this system will be cost, water output, and electrical output.

7. References
1) http://www.onlinenigeria.com/links/sokotostateadv.asp 2) Gill, G.J. Seasonality and Agriculture in the developing world: A Problem of the poor. 1991. 3) http://climatedata.eu/climate.php?loc=nixx0018&lang=en 4) http://www.absak.com/library/power-consumption-table

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