ECOLOGIC MODEL

A. Hypothesis Asthma is a disease that affects the breathing passages of the lungs. Asthma is caused by chronic inflammation of these passages. This makes the breathing passages, or airways, of the person with asthma highly sensitive to various triggers. In the case of our patient, his asthma is probably due to his young age, making him more susceptible to have asthma. As a 3 year old child, his parents are the ones responsible for his health. They probably dont know the factors that may trigger asthma attack to their child, such as expossure to allergens like dusts. The patient is also expose to second hand smoking. Expossure to allergens or pollutants are mostly common in places with low economic levels. B. Pre-disposing Factors Host Agent Environment -living conditions -low economic level -exposure to second hand smoking

-allergens (dust) -male -pollution -3 years old -more sensitive immune system -his parents are responsible for his health Ecologic Model

HOST

ENVIRONMENT

AGENT

C. Analysis The agent-host-environment model is primarily use in predicting illnessrather than promoting wellness, although identification of risk factors that result fromthe interactions of agent, host, and environment are helpful in promoting andmaintaining health. Because each of the agent-host-environment factors constantlyinteracts with others, health is an ever changing state. Health is seen when all threeelements are in balance while illness is seen when one, two, or all three elementsare not in balance (Fundamentals of Nursing by Kozier 2004) Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by reversible inflammation of the airways. In asthma, the allergens trigger the body to react, causing white blood cells to infiltrate the walls of the airways, increased mucus accumulates within the airways, and the muscles surrounding the airways tighten, resulting in an overall narrowing of the airways. This narrowing of the airways is responsible for the shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness patients with asthma experience during their attacks. D. Conclusion We therefore conclude that our client is suffering from Asthma probably due to his exposure to allergens and second hand smoking. Other risk factors may also involve such as age and the way of living. E. Management Medical Management: Do not take cough medicine. These medicines do not help asthma and may cause unwanted side effects. Aspirin and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, can cause asthma to worsen in certain individuals. These medications should not be taken without the advice of your health-care provider. Do not use nonprescription inhalers. These contain very short-acting drugs that may not last long enough to relieve an asthma attack and may cause unwanted side effects. Take only the medications your health-care provider has prescribed for your asthma. Take them as directed. Do not take any nonprescription preparations, herbs, or dietary supplements, even if they are completely "natural," without talking to your health-care provider first. Some of these may have unwanted side effects or interfere with your medications.

If the medication is not working, do not take more than you have been directed to take. Overusing asthma medications can be dangerous. If you think your medication is not working, let your health-care provider know right away.

Nursing Management: Know what triggers the asthma and do what you can to avoid them. If you smoke, quit to prevent second hand smoking expossure of children Health promotion -assisting parents to understand asthma and its causes and the necessary environmental changes.