Using Borehole Seismic Data to Enhance Surface Seismic Interpretation

GFE Project by

Maneerat Kanaree
Borehole Geophysicist - DCS BMP

August 2004
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Objectives
Reduce Time-Depth uncertainty Enhance precision of seismic interpretation attribute analysis and attribute guided well-placement Create a model for integrating surface seismic and borehole seismic data for future Full Field Review (FFR) and Field Development Plan (FDP) Demonstrate the workflow of integrating borehole seismic and surface seismic as a case study

Maneerat Kanaree GFE project

Outlines
Currently Used Workflow Proposed Workflow (Steps 1, 2 and 3)
Data and Software STEP-1 Wavelet phase checking STEP-2 Well seismic Tie STEP-3 Fluid substitution & AVO

Conclusions & Recommendations Value to Clients Value to SLB

Maneerat Kanaree GFE project

Currently Used Workflow

No VSP data and limited number of checkshot surveys in previous FFR and FDP (Betty and Bokor) Betty: ( 33 wells, 1 Checkshot ) Bokor: ( 54 wells, 3 Checkshots )

Geological Petrophysics Reservoir Checkshot Surface Seismic Depth Surface Seismic Time

Maneerat Kanaree GFE project

Proposed Workflow
Geological Petrophysics Reservoir Checkshot Sonic Calibration Surface Seismic Depth Surface Seismic Time
Step (1) Wavelet Phase Checking Step (2) Well Seismic Tie

Fluid Substitution
Step (3)

AVO

Maneerat Kanaree GFE project

Data & Software

Well: North Bunga Pakma-2 (Talisman, Malaysia) VSI/DSI/PEX/Normal Seismic section Software: Geoframe/Interactive Petrophysics/AVOLOG
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Surface seismic and Borehole seismic survey

Source Receiver Source

Down-going Up-going
Receiver

Up-going

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VSP Processing

True Zero Phase wavelet

Surface Seismic Processing can not be True Zero phase wavelet.

Maneerat Kanaree GFE project

VSP data from North Bunga Pakma-2

VSP & GEOGRAM Processing

VSP VSP Geogram

TD

VSP & GEOGRAM data from North Bunga Pakma-2

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Step-1 Wavelet Phase Checking

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Wavelet & Surface Seismic interpretation

AI RC
Surface seismic data from deep water Surface seismic data from North Bunga Pakma

Sea Bed

GL=-57m TWT=0.075s

Wavelet well defined

Wavelet difficult to define

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Wavelet & Surface Seismic Interpretation

Zero Phase 0 deg rotation Zero Phase 90 deg rotation

Zero Phase 0 deg rotation

Zero Phase 90 deg rotation

Time shift =10ms Off depth = 18m

Surface Seismic from North Bunga Pakma

Surface seismic Depth Section

Geological Markers Petrophysical and Reservoir Data
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Static Structral Model

Client will Simulation come Model back to SLB

Wavelet Phase Checking Workflow

Seismic Trace from VSP Corridor Stack /Geogram Seismic traces from Surface seismic

Cross Correlation

VSP
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GEOGRAM

Cross Correlation
VSP
Surface Seismic

Same phase wavelet Same phase wavelet and time shift 10ms on surface seismic

45 deg off phase wavelet on surface seismic

45 deg off phase wavelet and time shift 10ms on surface seismic

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Step-2 Well Seismic Tie (VSP/GEOGRAM)

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Well Seismic Tie (VSP/GEOGRAM)

VSP GEOGRAM

Vertical match VSP/GEOGRAM & Surface seismic

Data: North Bunga Pakma

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Surface Seismic after step-1

VSP

GEO

Well Seismic Tie (Migrated VSP)

Lateral match VSP & surface seismic Migrated VSP (red) is compared to surface seismic section
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STEP-1 Wavelet Phase Checking Reprocessing Surface Seismic By using borehole STEP-2 Seismic Well Seismic Tie (Well Driven Seismic)

STEP-3 Fluid Substitution & AVO

Reduce Uncertainty in Time-Depth

Define Fluid contain before well-placement

Enhance Surface Seismic Interpretation

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Step-3 Fluid Substitution & AVO

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Fluid Substitution & AVO

Gas or Water ? Degree of Sw ?

GAS

Reference: Oilfield Review Hydrocarbon Detection with AVO, Page 43.

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Fluid substitution and AVO workflow

Checkshot Reservoir Gas zone
DTCO DSI DTSM Reservoir Fluid (Sw)

CDP AVO Modeling @Well location

Reservoir Fluid (Sw)

Pre Stack Seismic Section (CDP/CMP)

Well Location

Fluid Substitution

Density Water (100%) Petrophysics Porosity Sw Gas (100%)

Water (100%)

Gas (100%)

Fluid in area of interest ???

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Fluid Substitution

RHOB

DTCO

DTSM

Vp

Vs

AIMP

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Vp/Vs Cross -Plot after Fluid Substitution

GAS
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WATER

AVO Modeling
0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
R

CDP AVO Synthetic

-0.2 -0.3
Offset

TOP-GAS TOP-WATER

BOTTOM-GAS BOTTOM-WATER

R()=Rp+ (Rp-2Rs)sin2

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Example AVO Response

Reference : Oilfield Review Hydrocarbon Detection with AVO, Page 45.

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Conclusions
Use of borehole seismic data to correct uncertainty in time-depth conversion increases the confidence in surface seismic interpretation Use of fluid substitution & AVO study define gas zone and reduces the risk of drilling

Recommendations
Apply this workflow for future FFR/FDP (Samarang, Erb West) in BMP Highlight to client where no VSP is currently available (and recommend cased-hole VSP survey, high deviated well VSP)

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Value to Client
FFR and FDP clients will benefit from
Reduced uncertainty in time-depth conversion

Improve confidence in seismic interpretation Confidence interpreting gas zones before drilling Reduce risk of missing a target gas sand Deep water ($20M per well), Shallow water ($2-10M per well)

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Value to Schlumberger
FFR/FDP
Reduce uncertainty in time-depth conversion Enhance surface seismic interpretation

Revenue to DCS
Geophysics: Processing VSP($10K), WSC&GEO($8K), DSI ($10K) Petrophysics & Geophysics: Fluid substitution & AVO study ($10K)

Revenue to REW
Potential to acquire more borehole seismic: VSI($80K), DSI($30K)

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