Present Perfect Tense

How to form? HAS/HAVE + Past Participle of the verb

Example: I have already had dinner. They havebeen to Paris a couple of times. Has she finished her assignment yet?

Uses: 1. Actions which happened at an indefinite (unknown) time before now

Nobody has ever climbed that mountain. People have traveled to the Moon. I have already had a breakfast. He has been to England.

You should not use this tense with time expressions like yesterday, a week ago, last week, etc.

2. We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experiences. It is important if we have done it in our lives or not. It is not important when we did it. Examples I have been abroad two times. Anna has never broken a leg. Have you ever eaten sushi? Tip! We often use never and ever with the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experience. 3. We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about an action which started in the past and continues up to now.

Examples I have been a teacher for more than ten years. We haven't seen Janine since Friday. How long have you been at this school? Tip! We often use since and for to say how long the action has lasted. 4. We also use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about a past action that has the result in the present (changes). Examples I have lost my wallet. = I don't have it now. Jimmy has gone to South America. = He isn't here now. Have you finished your homework? = Is your homework ready? More Examples

I have bought a car. past Last week I didn't have a car. Present + Now I have a car. Future

John has broken his leg. past + Yesterday John had a good leg. Present Now he has a bad leg. Future

Has the price gone up? past + Was the price $1.50 yesterday? Present Is the price $1.70 today? Future

The police have arrested the killer. past Present + Future

Yesterday the killer was free.

Now he is in prison.

Connection with past: the past is the opposite of the present. Connection with present: the present is the opposite of the past. Tip! We often use just, already and yet with the Present Perfect Tense for an action in the past with the result in the present.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE VS PAST SIMPLE TENSE

The present perfect is used when the time period has NOT finished: I have seen three movies this week. (This week has not finished yet.) The simple past is used when the time period HAS finished: I saw three movies last week. (Last week has finished.) ``````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` The present perfect is often used when giving recent news: Martin has crashed his car again. (This is new information.)

The simple past is used when giving older information: Martin crashed his car last year. (This is old information.) ``````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` The present perfect is used when the time is not specific: I have seen that movie already. (We don't know when.)

The simple past is used when the time is clear: I saw that movie on Thursday. (We know exactly when.)

The present perfect is used with for and since, when the actions have not finished yet: I have lived in Victoria for five years. (I still live in Victoria.)

The simple past is used with for and since, when the actions have already finished: I lived in Victoria for five years. (I don't live in Victoria now.)

Present Perfect and Simple Past

1 Joji ________ in Tokyo for five years, but he left in 1993. Lived has lived

2 The Titanic ________ in 1912. Sank has sunk

3 Somebody ________ my bicycle! Now I'll have to walk home. Stole has stolen

4 Gerry ________ off his bike three times this month. Fell has fallen

5 Chika ________ from university last July. Graduated has graduated

6 I ________ the movie Titanic three times. I'm going to see it again tonight. Saw

have seen

7 I ________ to work every day for the last six weeks! Walked have walked

8 When Young Hee was a child, she ________ in Seoul. Lived has lived

9 Ouch! ________ my finger! I cut I've cut

10 I ________ my key yesterday, so I couldn't get into the house. Eventually, I found it in my jacket pocket. Lost have lost

Malaria? In Canada?
Enter the correct form of the verbs in parentheses

Have you ever had malaria? If you have, the chances are that you (get) the disease in a hot country. Malaria is most common in tropical countries, especially those with wet and humid climates, where the mosquitos which carry the disease can flourish.

However, recently, malaria (become) report, over 1000 people (contract) (rise) every year since

more common in Canada. According to a recent the disease in Canada in 1997, and the number 1994. This is an alarming trend.

Why is the incidence of malaria rising here? The answer is travel. More and more Canadians travel abroad every year, and some of them catch malaria. However, when a Toronto woman (become) travel) (get) sick last year, her doctor (discover) that she (never abroad in her life. She must have been bitten by a mosquito which the disease from another sick Canadian.