HERBARIUM COLLECTION (HRT 3301, FIRST SEMESTER 2011/2012) Scientific Name: Nephelium lappaceum Common Name: Rambutan

Plant Characteristics: a) Large tree, to 80 feet (24 m) in the wild, but usually not more than 45 feet (14 m) in cultivation. b) Alternate, compound leaves about 8-12 inches (20-31 cm) in length, leaflets dull green. c) The flowers are small and without petals, perfect but functionally staminate or pistillate, in axillary or terminal panicles. d) Fruits round to ovoid, 2-3 inches (5-8 cm) long, with a red, orange or yellow peel covered with hairlike spinterns. The pulp is white, translucent, aromatic and sweet, and surrounds a seed which resembles an almond. Positive Characteristics of the Plant: Fruit is edible.The rambutan is adapted to the wet, humid tropics, and grows well in acid soils. Negative Characteristics of the Plant: The seed loses viability quickly, and must not be allowed to dry out before planting. Temperatures below 41F (5C) can cause defoliation and death of trees. It is intolerant to frost, especially during the juvenile stage. Usage: Rambutan fruit is consumed fresh, as well as canned and processed into jams. A root extract is used to treat fever, and a bark extract for tongue diseases. A poultice of crushed leaves is placed on the head to relieve headache.

HERBARIUM COLLECTION HRT 3301,GROUP 1 SEMESTER 2010/2011 Scientific Name: Mangifera indica Common Name: Mango Plant Characteristics: a) The leaf are simple, exstipulate, alternately arranged, 15 45cm in length. The petiole varies in length from 1 to 12cm, always swollen at the base. Start to produce fruit in 3 -5 years. b) Tree is medium to large 10 - 40m in height, evergreen with symmterical, rounded canopy ranging from low and dense to upright and open. c) Bark is usually dark grey-brown to black,rather smooth, superficially cracked or inconspicuously fissured, peeling off in irregular, rather thick pieces. d) The tree forms a long unbranched long tap root (up to 6 8m and more) plua a dense mass of superficial feeder roots. Positive Characteristics of Plants: Well-drained soils in hot, rather dry climates Mango are fairly easy plants to grow in pots. Easily propagated from seed. Negative Characteristics of Plants: Get large very quickly. Usage: The fruit is edible. Other information: Origine in India.

HERBARIUM COLLECTION HRT 3301,GROUP 1 SEMESTER 2010/2011 Scientific Name: Casuarina equisetifolia L. Common Name: Australian Pine, Beach Shoak, Australian Beef Wood, Iron Wood, Mountain Ru, Red-Tipped Ru. Plant Characteristics: a) This tall tree typically possesses a single straight, rough-barked trunk and an open, irregular crown of branches. b) Small, round, cone-like fruits and long, whispy, grayish green needle-like branchlets give the tree its pine-like apperance. c) Leaves are reduced to small scales occuring in whorls of length of branchlets. d) The brown flowers are tiny and non-descript. Positive Characteristics of Plants: It is very tolerant to salt spray. Negative Characteristics of Plants: Has become so abundant that it altering native plant communities by displacing native species and changing community structures or ecological funtions. This plant is a cold-sensitive species a intolerant to frost. Usage: Use as windbreaks, landscapes tree, lumber, fuel wood, and several other minor uses. Other information: All species found in Florida are listed as noxious weeds.

HERBARIUM COLLECTION (HRT 3301, FIRST SEMESTER 2011/2012) Scientific Name : Artocarpus heterophyllus Common Name : Jackfruit

Plant Characteristics : 1) It is well suited to tropical lowlands. 2) Jack Fruit tree has a solid crown of dark green leaves and the fruits and they hang from the branches, from the trunk and even on the roots of older trees. 3) Its fruit is the largest tree-born fruit, reaching 80 pounds (36 kg) in weight and up to 36 inches (90 cm) long and 20 inches (50 cm) in diameter.

Positive Characteristics of the Plant : 1) Ripe jackfruit is naturally sweet with subtle flavouring. 2) Rapidly growing tree. 3) In the top of the tree, they are deep green in colour and silky.

Negative Characteristic of the Plant : 1) They look like massive and unattractive parasites. 2) The leaves of the Jackfruit tree grow in close clusters at the ends of the branchlets alternating each other. 3) In the lower parts they are pale and awkwardly hairy.

Usage : 1) The wood of the tree is used for the production of musical instruments. 2) The Golden yellow coloured timber with good grains is used for building furniture and house construction.

HERBARIUM COLLECTION HRT 3301,GROUP 1 SEMESTER 2010/2011 Scientific Name: Lepisanthes alata Common Name: Johore Tree. Ceri Terengganu, Blimbing Cina,Perupok. Plant Characteristics: a) The fruit about 2-3cm in width are dark red, shiny, round with pointed up. b) Each fruit contain 1-3 pieces of seed and its flesh is soft and tastes fairly sweet. c) The tree small but can reach medium heigh to 1o m tall. d) Leaves compound, leaflets 8-12 purple, purple in the beginning but green at maturity. e) Inflorenscences up to 50 cm,flower purple. Positive Characteristics of Plants: The fruit does not have a specific fruiting season and keeps on flowering a fruiting through out the years. Negative Characteristics of Plants: only for cultivated. Usage: This plant usually planted for landscaping purpose. Other information: Origine in Borneo, Java, Philippines

HERBARIUM COLLECTION (HRT 3301, FIRST SEMESTER 2011/2012) Scientific Name : Pouteria campechiana Common Name : Eggfruit, Canistel

Plant Characteristics : 1) Grows up to 10 meters (33 ft) high, and produces orange-yellow fruit, also called yellow sapote, up to 7 centimeters (2.8 in) long, which are edible raw. 2) Flesh is sweet, with a texture often compared to that of a cooked egg yolk.

Positive Characteristics of the Plant : 1) It has a wide adaptability for soil, ranging from loose sandy to heavy clays. 2) Sweet flesh. 3) Plants can also tolerate to some extent salinity and iron deficiency.

Negative Characteristic of the Plant : 1) Seeds lose viability rapidly and hence after extraction they should be cleaned, dried slightly in the shade.

Usage :Can edible

HERBARIUM COLLECTION HRT 3301,GROUP 1 SEMESTER 2010/2011 Scientific Name:Ixora x Nong Nooch Common Name:Jejarum, jarum-jarum, pecah periuk. Plant Characteristics: a) Flowering is seasonal in the wild species with preference for light shaded habitats in the
lowland forests and mountains or near rivers and streams.

Positive Characteristics of Plants: The best ixora are allowed to grow slightly wild so they
reward their owners with a profusion of blooms.

Negative Characteristics of Plants: Even slight exposure to cold or moving the plant can cause it
drop its leaves.

Usage:For ornamental Other information:

HERBARIUM COLLECTION HRT 3301,GROUP 1 SEMESTER 2010/2011 Scientific Name: Piper nigrum Common Name: Black Pepper, Peppercorns Plant Characteristics: a. Leaves are elliptical to orbicular-ovate and will reach 5-7 inches (13-18 cm) long and 2-5
inches (5-13 cm) wide. Younger leaves are cordate and all are palmately veined with 5-7 veins.

b. The stout climbing stems are very flexible with leathery blackish-green leaves. c. The very small flowers are borne on 5-7 inch (13-18 cm) long pendulous spikes from each
node. The flowers are not showy. The berries first turn green, then red, finally turning black.

Positive Characteristics of Plants: Pungent and aromatic. They are very easy plants to grow and
make attractive hanging baskets when the plants are young.

Negative Characteristics of Plants: Piper nigrum plants need partial shade to full shade, with a
rich constantly moist soil. The plants will not produce fruit until they climb.

Usage: Black pepper can be used for nearly every kind of dish some even like it for sweets. A
pinch of pepper can well be used for other mild fruits, and results in a particularly exotic, special touch.

Other information: Black pepper is native to Malabar, a region in the Western Coast of South
India; today, this region belongs to the union state Kerala. Pepper is cultivated since millennia. Piper
nigrum is propagated by cutting and from seed when available.

HERBARIUM COLLECTION HRT 3301,GROUP 1 SEMESTER 2010/2011 Scientific Name: Melastoma Malabathricum Common Name: Malabar melastome, Melastoma, Indian-rhododendron. Plant Characteristics: a) Fruit a berry-like capsule with nemourous coated with red, sweet astringent pulp. b) Seeds dimorphic with and without embryo. c) Evergreen shrubs,leaves is simple, narrow with 3 prominent longitudinal veins. Bristly underside. d) The flower is 5 petal, dark purple to pinkish on rare oceasion, white. e) The fruit is oval with purple pulp, contain many tiny seed. Positive Characteristics of Plants: The seeds are tasteless and can be eaten, but stains the tongue black. Negative Characteristics of Plants: Disturbed sites associated with plantation crops. In widespread weed of industrial forest plantation crops. Usage: In Hawai it forms dense thickets in pastures and rangelands. The young leaves are eaten raw or cooked and taste sour. In some places, the leaves are fed to silkworms. The leaves are used to treat diarrhoea and dysentry, wash ulser, to prevent scarring from smallpox and to treat piles. Other information: Its minute seed are dispersed by birds and water. Southeast Asia and elsewhere it is