Examination Biology Name:______________________________________________ Circulatory System 1.

The circulatory system is literally named for its characteristic of: (a) Transporting nutrients to the body tissues (b) Carrying waste products from the body tissues (c) Traveling through the body in a straight line (d) Tracing a circle in its journey to and from the heart 2. The smallest branches of the arteries: (a) Capillaries (b) Veins (c) Venules (d) Arterioles 3. The _____ are the entrance rooms at the top of the heart: (a) Atria (b) Auricles (c) Ventricles (d) Myocardia

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8. The relaxation and filling phase of each heart chamber: (a) Diastole (b) Fibrillation (c) Systole (d) Bacterial endocarditis 9. Heart murmurs represent: (a) Turbulent back-flow of blood through leaky valve flaps (b) Smooth and efficient blood flow through healthy open valves (c) Extensive arteriosclerosis (d) A false appearance of atherosclerosis 10. The vessel most frequently used to take a persons blood pressure: (a) Superior vena cava (b) Brachial vein (c) Common pulmonary artery (d) Brachial artery

Respiratory System 4. The left-heart circulation is alternately called the _____ 1. Respiration actually is the process of: circulation: (a) Sucking air into the lungs (a) Pulmonary (b) Converting glucose into ATP by tissue cells (b) Systemic (c) Blowing air out of the lungs (c) Cardiorespiratory (d) Gas exchange between two or more body (d) Cerebrovascular compartments 5. The powerful cardiac muscle portion of the heart wall: (a) Semilunar valves (b) Endocardium (c) Myocardium (d) Pericardium 6. The primary pacemaker of the heart: (a) Myocardium (b) Left atrium (c) Sinoatrial node (d) Right A-V valve 7. Half-moon shaped flaps that control the entry of blood into the aortic arch and common pulmonary artery: (a) Atrioventricular valves (b) Z-lines (c) Semilunar valves (d) Crescent muscles 2. Ventilation is the process of: (a) Gas exchange between one body compartment and another (b) Removing acid from the intestine (c) Blowing out stale air, and sucking in fresh air (d) Creating new pulmonary tissue via mitosis 3. Gas exchange that occurs between the blood in the systemic capillaries and the fluid within tissue cells: (a) Hyperventilation (b) Acidbase balance (c) External respiration (d) Internal respiration

Examination Biology Name:______________________________________________ 4. The actual places of gas exchange within the gills of fish: (a) Operculum (b) Lung surface (c) Bone surfaces within the gill arches (d) Thin plates on the gill filaments 5. The scientific name for the voice box: (a) Trachea (b) Epiglottis (c) Larynx (d) Pharynx 6. If the lower respiratory pathway can be compared to an inverted olive tree, then the olives on this tree are actually represented by the: (a) Primary bronchi (b) Bronchioles (c) Alveoli (d) Pulmonary capillaries

Date:__________________________ (b) Release of nitrogen from tissue cells during their metabolism (c) Combination of carbon dioxide with H2O in thousands of erythrocytes (d) Activation of acid-forming enzymes within blood leukocytes

Digestive System 1. For humans, eating grass would not be a good way of obtaining nutrients, because: (a) Grass contains no nutrient molecules (b) Blades of grass cannot be digested by any known type of animal (c) Human stomachs and small intestines lack the key enzymes necessary to break down cellulose (d) Grass cant even be chewed by human beings! 2. Ingestion is the exact opposite of what process? (a) Egestion (b) Digestion (c) Absorption (d) Mastication 3. The movement of nutrients from the interior of the digestive tube into the blood: (a) Absorption (b) Secretion (c) Defecation (d) Ingestion 4. The chemical digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth, owing to the presence of: (a) Hydrochloric acid (b) NaHCO3 (c) NaCl (d) Salivary amylase A thick, soupy mass of partially digested material found in the stomach and small intestine: (a) Bolus (b) Cud (c) Chyme (d) Feces

7. An increase in the intra-alveolar pressure above the total atmospheric pressure would most likely result in: (a) Sucking of air into the lungs (b) Severe hypoventilation (c) Blowing of air out of the lungs (d) Paralysis of the diaphragm muscle 8. The critical first event in human inspiration: (a) Collapse of the alveoli (b) Relaxation of the diaphragm muscle (c) Muscular constriction of the windpipe (d) Contraction of the diaphragm muscle 9. A person with normal lungs usually doesnt have to make a lot of effort to inspire more air, just after making expiration. An important reason for this fact is that: (a) Each person usually has plenty of ATP to spare (b) The Vital Capacity is so large that a regular expiration makes no difference in it (c) Total lung capacity = Vital capacity + Residual volume (d) The residual volume keeps the alveoli partially inflated at all times 10. A key linkage between CO2 and blood acidity is the: (a) Carrying of oxygen by hemoglobin

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Examination Biology Name:______________________________________________ 6. The first segment of the small intestine: (a) Jejunum (b) Vermiform appendix (c) Duodenum (d) Cecum 7. Technical term for the gallbladder: (a) Gallicule (b) Cholecyst (c) Cystic duct (d) Hepatic accessory organ

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8. Regulates the emptying of both the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct into the duodenum: (a) Pyloric sphincter (b) Microvillus (c) Hepatopancreatic sphincter (d) Ileo-cecal sphincter 9. The large intestine begins with the dead-ended _____: (a) Sigmoid colon (b) Rectum (c) Cecum (d) Transverse colon 10. A critical structure that allows defecation to be voluntary: (a) Vermiform appendix (b) Internal anal sphincter (c) Descending colon (d) External anal sphincter