PSY350: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS

Department of Psychology

UNIT OUTLINE Semester 2, 2011

Please read this unit outline carefully at the start of semester. It contains important information about the unit. If anything in it is unclear, please consult one of the teaching staff in the unit. To see the latest official update of this outline, login via the Online Teaching system: https://learn.mq.edu.au

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Semester and Year: Unit convenors: Prerequisites: Credit points:

Semester Two, 2011 Professor Julie Fitness and Dr Mem Mahmut 40 credit points This unit is worth 3 credit points

Students should read this unit outline carefully at the start of semester. It contains important information about the unit. If anything in it is unclear, please consult one of the teaching staff in the unit. To see the latest official update of this outline, login via the Online Teaching system: https://learn.mq.edu.au

ABOUT THIS UNIT Unit description and credit points This unit examines a variety of topics in the social psychology of human relationships. Beginning with the dynamics of interpersonal attraction, the unit will explore the various stages of relationship development, maintenance, dissolution and repair, and will consider relationship processes in a variety of contexts, including romantic, marital and family relationships; friendships; enemyships; and same-sex relationships. Throughout, there will be a strong emphasis on critically examining so-called pop-psychological approaches to relationship phenomena, and students will be encouraged to examine the complexities of relationship dynamics from different cultural perspectives. This unit was previously called PSY 334 and was worth 4 credit points. Unit rationale and brief outline Human beings are social creatures with fundamental needs for love and security. People in supportive, loving relationships feel healthier, happier and more satisfied with their lives, and are less likely to suffer from mental or physical health problems. However, the dynamics of human relationships are poorly understood by many individuals. Indeed, the bulk of problems that individuals raise with psychiatrists, psychologists, counsellors, advisers and even close friends, concern relationship issues such as loneliness, betrayal, jealousy, conflict, guilt, forgiveness, boredom, loss, and grief. The aim of this unit is to examine the growing body of empirical research on relationship issues, backed up by social psychological theories, in order to better understand how relationships begin, how they grow and function, how they are maintained, why they may fail, and how they might be repaired. Email Policy It is University policy that the University issued email account will be used for official University communication. All students are required to access their University account frequently. If you have any difficulties with your email account, contact Student IT Help via http://www.sith.mq.edu.au/email.html

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UNIT WEB PAGE Webpage of unit Login via the Online Teaching system: https://learn.mq.edu.au TEACHING STAFF Convenors: Professor Julie Fitness Room C3A 410, Telephone: 9850 8015 Email: julie.fitness@mq.edu.au Dr. Mem Mahmut Room C3B 605, Telephone: 9850 6740 Email: mem.mahmut@mq.edu.au Consultation hours: Wednesdays 9 am 11 am Tutors: Ms. Samantha Adams Email: samantha.adams@mq.edu.au Ms. Alissa Beath Email: alissa.beath@mq.edu.au Ms. Katelin Sutton Email: katelin.sutton@mq.edu.au Mr. Andrew Geeves Email: andrew.geeves@mq.edu.au Guest lecturers: Dr. Michelle Webster Dr. Nasreen Yasin Ms. Alissa Beath CLASSES Lectures Tutorials Mondays 2 4 pm, W5A Price Theatre Number of tutorials: Length of tutorials: Tutorial Attendance: One tutorial per week 1 hour COMPULSORY

Evening students will be able to listen to the recorded lectures online but must attend their assigned tutorial. Students enrolled in the Composite attendance mode (Com 2) can access the iLecture recording of the lecture, but must attend the compulsory tutorial/practical class. Tutorials begin in Week 2 and are run on every weekday. Tutorial attendance is a compulsory unit requirement. Please note that attendance at Page 3 of 16

tutorials will be recorded and may also be taken into account when making final decisions regarding your overall grade for this unit. Day Mon Mon Tues Tues Tues Tues Wed Wed Wed Thur Thur Thur Fri Fri Fri Fri Time 10 - 11 11 - 12 9 - 10 9 - 10 1-2 2-3 3-4 5-6 6-7 10 - 11 11 - 12 1-2 10 - 11 11 - 12 1-2 2-3 Room F9A 166 F9A 166 X5B 134 C4A 320 E7B 164 W5C 213 C4A 245 C4A 325 W5C 310 W5C 302 W5C 302 W5C 312 W5C 302 C5A 404 W5C 312 W5C 334 Tutor Alissa Beath Alissa Beath Katelin Sutton Mem Mahmut Mem Mahmut Mem Mahmut Katelin Sutton Katelin Sutton Katelin Sutton Email Contact alissa.beath@mq.edu.au

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

katelin.sutton@mq.edu.au mem.mahmut@mq.edu.au

As above

Andrew Geeves andrew.geeves@mq.edu.au Andrew Geeves Andrew Geeves Sam Adams Sam Adams Sam Adams Sam Adams samantha.adams@mq.edu.au

Managing Tutorials Changes to all units can be made on-line via eStudent. After Week 2, no further changes to tutorials can be made unless supporting documentation is provided and room is available in the requested tutorial class. Note: It is University policy that the University issued email account will be used for official University communication. All students are required to access their University email account frequently. REQUIRED AND RECOMMENDED TEXTS Prescribed text: Miller, R. S., & Perlman, D. (2009). Intimate relationships (5th ed.). Boston: McGraw Hill. Recommended texts (on Special Reserve in the library): Berscheid, E., & Regan, P. (2005). The psychology of interpersonal relationships. New York: Prentice-Hall. Ciarrochi, J., Forgas, J., & Mayer, J. D. (Eds.) (2006), Emotional intelligence in everyday life (2nd ed.). New York: Psychology Press. Page 4 of 16

Duck, S. (Ed.) (1997). Handbook of personal relationships. UK: Wiley. Fehr, B. (1996). Friendship processes. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Fletcher, G. J. O. (2002). The new science of intimate relationships. MA: Blackwell. Fletcher, G. J. O., & Clark, M. (Eds.) (2001), Blackwell handbook of social psychology (Volume 2): Interpersonal processes. MA: Blackwell. Forgas, J. P., & Fitness, J. (Eds.) (2008). Social relationships: Cognitive, affective, and motivational processes. NY: Psychology Press. Hogg, M., & Cooper, J. (Eds.) (2003). Handbook of social psychology. CA: Sage. Leary, M. (Ed.) (2000). Interpersonal rejection. NY: Oxford University Press. Noller, P., & Feeney, J. (2002). Understanding marriage. UK: Cambridge University Press. Noller, P., & Feeney, J. (Eds.) (2006). Close relationships: Functions, forms, and processes. New York: Psychology Press. Reis, H., & Rusbult, C. (Eds.) (2004). Close relationships: Key readings in social psychology. New York: Psychology Press. Spitzberg, B., & Cupach, W. (Eds.) (1998). The dark side of close relationships. New Jersey: Erlbaum. Sprecher, S., Wenzel, A., & Harvey, J. (2008). Handbook of relationship initiation. New York: Taylor & Francis. Sternberg, R., & Weis, K. (2006). The new psychology of love. NH: Yale University Press. Vangelisti, A. (Ed.) (2004). Handbook of family communication. NJ: Erlbaum. Vangelisti, A., & Perlman, D. (Eds.) (2006). The Cambridge handbook of personal relationships. NY: Cambridge University Press. Useful Journals: Cognition and Emotion Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Journal of Family Psychology Journal of Marriage and the Family Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Journal of Social and Personal Relationships Personal Relationships Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Personality and Social Psychology Review Psychological Science

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LEARNING OUTCOMES When you successfully complete this unit you will be able to: 1. explain contemporary issues in the psychology of human relationships literature and the theories from which they are derived 2. analyse the strengths and weaknesses of competing explanations of issues in the field of human relationships 3. understand the strengths and weaknesses of research methods used in relationship research 4. apply findings from empirical research on relationships to real-world relationship issues 5. critique so-called pop-psychological approaches to relationships from an informed, scientific perspective and effectively communicate findings GRADUATE CAPABILITIES In addition to the discipline-based learning objectives, all academic programs at Macquarie seek to develop students generic skills and capabilities in a range of areas. By participating in this unit, students will develop their skills in the following areas: Critical, Analytical and Integrative Thinking We want our graduates to be capable of reasoning, questioning and analysing, and to integrate and synthesise learning and knowledge from a range of sources and environments; to be able to critique constraints, assumptions and limitations; to be able to think independently and systemically in relation to scholarly activity, in the workplace, and in the world. We want them to have a level of scientific and information technology literacy. Problem Solving and Research Capability Our graduates should be capable of researching; of analysing, and interpreting and assessing data and information in various forms; of drawing connections across fields of knowledge; and they should be able to relate their knowledge to complex situations at work or in the world, in order to diagnose and solve problems. We want them to have the confidence to take the initiative in doing so, within an awareness of their own limitations. Effective Communication We want to develop in our students the ability to communicate and convey their views in forms effective with different audiences. We want our graduates to take with them the capability to read, listen, question, gather and evaluate information resources in a variety of formats, assess, write clearly, speak effectively, and to use visual communication and communication technologies as appropriate. Engaged and Ethical Local and Global citizens

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As local citizens our graduates will be aware of indigenous perspectives and of the nations historical context. They will be engaged with the challenges of contemporary society and with knowledge and ideas. We want our graduates to have respect for diversity, to be open-minded, sensitive to others and inclusive, and to be open to other cultures and perspectives: they should have a level of cultural literacy. Our graduates should be aware of disadvantage and social justice, and be willing to participate to help create a wiser and better society. Capable of Professional and Personal Judgement and Initiative We want our graduates to have emotional intelligence and sound interpersonal skills and to demonstrate discernment and common sense in their professional and personal judgement. They will exercise initiative as needed. They will be capable of risk assessment, and be able to handle ambiguity and complexity, enabling them to be adaptable in diverse and changing environments.

TEACHING AND LEARNING STRATEGY How is the unit taught? The unit is taught through lectures and prescribed readings covering the core material and tutorials. The tutorials comprise practical activities and class discussions which complement the material covered in lectures. Tutorials are designed to enhance student involvement and provide focus on certain topics. What is expected of students? Students are expected to (a) listen to lectures and attend tutorials, (b) complete all forms of assessment, (c) read the prescribed materials, and (d) contribute to tutorial discussions. Note that attendance in tutorials is compulsory. LECTURE OUTLINE Week 1 Date (1/8) Topic Human Relationships: Types, Structures, Functions & Processes Text: Chapters 1 & 6 No tutorials this week 2 (8/8) Interpersonal Attraction & Mate Selection (Hour 1) Text: Chapter 3 Maintaining the pair bond: Love & Lust (Hour 2) Text: Chapter 8 Tutorials begin 3 (15/8) Attachment: Styles, Functions & Dysfunctions (Hour 1) Text: Chapter 8 Sex & Sexuality (Hour 2) Text: Chapter 9 Page 7 of 16 Yasin Fitness Lecturer Fitness

LECTURE OUTLINE continued 4 (22/8) Kin Relationships Features & Functions (Hour 1) Reading: Fitness, J. (2004). Emotion and communication in families. In A Vangelisti, Handbook of family communication. NJ: Erlbaum. Friends & Enemies (Hour 2) Text: Chapter 7 5 (29/8) Relationship Cognition Text: Chapter 4 Reading: Fitness, J. (2006). Emotion and cognition in close relationships. In P. Noller & J. Feeney (Eds.), Close relationships: Functions, forms, and processes (pp. 285-304). Hove: Psychology Press 6 (5/9) Feelings & Emotions in Relationships Reading: Same as previous lecture Emotional Intelligence in Relationships (Hour 1) Reading: Fitness. J. (2006). The emotionally intelligent marriage. In J. Ciarrochi, J. P. Forgas, & J Mayer (Eds.), Emotional intelligence in everyday life (2nd ed), NY: Psychology Press. Psychopathy & Relationships (Hour 2) Reading: Kirkman, C. A. (2005). From soap opera to science: Towards gaining access to the psychopaths who live amongst us. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 78, 379-396. Fitness Fitness Fitness

(12/9)

Beath & Mahmut

BREAK 8 (3/10) NO LECTURE LABOUR DAY Tutorials as usual this week 9 (10/10) Communication & Conflict in Relationships Text: Chapters 5 & 11 Fitness

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LECTURE OUTLINE continued 10 (17/10) Power and Violence in Relationships (Hour 1) Text: Chapter 12 Betrayal, Trust & Forgiveness (Hour 2) Text: Chapter 10 Reading: Fitness, J. (2001) Betrayal, rejection, revenge, and forgiveness. An interpersonal script approach. In M. Leary (Ed.), Interpersonal rejection (pp. 73-103). NY: Oxford University Press. 11 (24/10) Relationship Breakdown & Loss Text: Chapter 13 (31/10) Relationship Therapy & Repair Text: Chapter 14 (7/11) Human Relationships in an Ethical Context Conclusions Fitness Fitness

12

Webster

13

Fitness

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ASSESSMENT AND LEARNING OUTCOMES Four assessments will be used to assess students understanding of theory and research in the social psychology of human relationships. Knowledge of lecture material and prescribed readings will be assessed by a final, multiple-choice exam (Learning Outcomes 1 5). The ability to critically evaluate current scientific knowledge on various topics will be assessed by way of two written reports and a group-based tutorial presentation (Learning Outcomes 1 5).

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LIST OF ASSESSMENT TASKS ASSESSMENT DETAILS % 30%

1. Tutorial Research Report - 20%, Attendance at tutorials is compulsory. Details regarding participation and Tutorial Brief Oral Report - 5% the report will be provided in the first Tutorial Participation - 5% tutorial. 2. Essay 3. Final exam on lectures, textbook & prescribed readings 1500 words, due 10am, Tuesday 4th October, 2010 Held during University examination period, 2 hours, answer 80 multiple choice questions.

30% 40%

1. Tutorial Research Report (20%) The purpose of this report is to give students some experience of finding and critically reviewing relevant psychological literature on a relationship-related question of their own choosing. Markers will be looking for a well-structured, coherent and thoughtful critique of the chosen literature. Details will be available in tutorials and on the PSY350 Website. Word length: 700 words maximum Due date: Monday, 29th August before 10am Where to submit: Psychology Assignment Box Date of return of marked report: Week 7, during tutorials. Note: Both the paper copy and electronic of the Report are due at the same time. The paper copy is to be submitted to Psychology Box and the electronic copy is to be submitted to Turnitin).

Please see below for details on late submissions, requests for extensions and Turnitin. 2. Tutorial Participation (5%) and Brief Oral Report (5%) Tutorials are compulsory; however, there is no point coming to tutorials and sitting through them wishing you were somewhere else. We want to encourage active discussion and participation in tutorials and will award up to 5% of the tutorial grade in recognition of your contribution to the learning experience, both for yourselves and others. We will award up to a further 5% for a brief (2-3 minute) oral presentation based on the research report (see above). Details will be available in tutorials and on the PSY350 Website.

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Note: It is department policy that assignments are to be set out in a specified format: Double-spacing 12-point font Margin of 2.54 centimetres The word length does not include the reference list (but it does include in-text citations). There is a penalty of 5% per 100 words over the specified word limit. Please see below for details on late submissions and requests for extensions.

3. Essay (30%) The essay is designed to assess students ability to critically evaluate scientific knowledge and formulate a coherent and intelligent discussion of the relevant issues of a topic within the psychology of human relationships. The essay questions will be available in the first week of tutorials. Specific details about the essay will be available on the PSY350 web site and provided in tutorials. Word length: 1500 words maximum Due date: Tuesday 4th October (Week 8) before 10:00 am Note: Both the paper copy and electronic of the essay are due at the same time. The paper copy is to be submitted to Psychology Box and the electronic copy is to be submitted to Turnitin). Date of return of marked essay: Week 13, in the lecture and then from the Psychology Office.

Where to Submit Reports and Essays You are required to submit both a paper copy of your Report and Essay and an electronic copy (via Turnitin). PAPER COPY Reports and Essays can ONLY be submitted via the LABELLED locked boxes in the foyer of building C3A or in the single Psychology Essay Box located outside the entrance of C3A after hours. The boxes are cleared at 10 am on Mondays to Fridays and again at 4 pm ONLY ON FRIDAYS (Reports and Essays received at 4 pm on Fridays will be counted as an additional 1 day late). Reports and Essays submitted after the 4 pm clearing on Fridays will be cleared on Monday at 10 am and will incur a weekend (counted as two additional days) penalty. All Reports and Essays must be accompanied by a completed and signed Psychology Department Coversheet found outside the enquiries office in C3A or downloadable at http://www.psy.mq.edu.au/pdf/coversheet.pdf Page 11 of 16

Reports and Essays will NOT be accepted unless a correct coversheet is completed and signed. A copy of the Reports and Essay must be kept as proof that it was completed and submitted. Electronic copies of Reports and Essays are NOT accepted in place of the hardcopy. Reports and Essays submitted by post will NOT be accepted.

ELECTRONIC COPY: TURNITIN You will also be required to submit your Report and Essay to Turnitin plagiarism detection software via the Internet. Your Reports and Essay will be automatically compared to work of other students in this unit, previous students in this unit and at other universities, and material available on the Internet in subscription-based journal format or otherwise freely accessible information. The results of the analysis will be sent only to the unit chair and tutoring staff on PSY350, who will analyse the results in reference to the Universitys standard policy on plagiarism http://www.student.mq.edu.au/plagiarism/

How to Submit an Assignment to Turnitin NOTE: YOU MUST REMOVE THE REFERENCE LIST BEFORE SUBMITTING YOUR ASSIGNMENT TO TURNITIN 1. Visit Turnitin http://www.turnitin.com/ 2. Create an account by clicking on the create account hyperlink (if you already have a Turnitin account from another course login and go to step 10). 3. Click on: Would you like to create your user profile? 4. Under Create a New Account click on student 5. Enter Turnitin CLASS ID for PSY350: 3344375

6. Enter Turnitin class enrolment PASSWORD: psy350 (lower case) 7. Enter your name and your University email address, which is in the form of your firstname.lastname@students.mq.edu.au. If you have any difficulties with your email account, contact Student IT Help via http://www.sith.mq.edu.au/email.html 8. Enter your own password (you make this up) and click the I agree create profile button 9. Click Log in to Turnitin 10. Click the The Psychology of Human Relationships hyperlink Page 12 of 16

11. Click on the submit icon. 12. Only use the File Upload and NOT the Cut and Paste option. Click the Browse button to find your report file. Make sure your reference list is removed from the end of your assignment. 13. Use your Student ID number as the Submission title DO NOT use PSY350 14. Submit your assignment. 15. A digital receipt will be generated. Please save a copy of this as you will need to put the receipt number on the cover sheet of your assignment. 16. Finally, submit the paper version of your assignment with an attached cover sheet to the PSY350 box in Level 3, C3A, outside the Psychology office. After an Assignment is Submitted It is the responsibility of the student to check the Psychology Webpage (http://www.psy.mq.edu.au/assrec/) after submitting the assignment to ensure that it has been received. If an assignment is not noted as being received, it is the students responsibility to immediately contact the staff in the Psychology Office in writing to inform them. The student will then be required to submit a fresh copy of the assignment and the date of receipt will be the date the Psychology Office was informed of the non-receipt in writing. A lateness penalty will be applied until the date the Psychology Office is informed of the non receipt of the assignment. Note: It is department policy that assignments are to be set out in a specified format: Double-spacing 12-point font Margin of 2.54 centimetres The word length does not include the reference list (but it does include in-text citations). There is a penalty of 5% per 100 words over the specified word limit. Please see below for details on late submissions and requests for extensions. Late Submissions: A penalty of 5% per day will apply to late assignment and research reports Essays will not be accepted after the return of marked assignment Essays submitted after the 4 pm clearing on Fridays will be cleared on Monday at 10 am and will incur a weekend (counted as two additional days) penalty. Request for Extensions Ordinarily, no extensions of time for submission of written work will be granted since ample time for its preparation will have been given. If an extension is required for Page 13 of 16

medical or other unforeseeable, extenuating circumstances, students may request this in writing by completing a Request for Extension on Written Work form, available outside the Psychology Office, with supporting documentary evidence (such as medical certificate, counsellor note, or similar). The form and the supporting documentary evidence must be submitted to the Psychology Office in C3A. The staff in the Psychology Office will make all decisions regarding extensions. Neither individual tutors nor the unit convenors will grant extensions. All requests for extensions should be made prior to the due date for the assignment. If an extension is granted the authorisation section of the form must be collected and attached to the assignment. Failure to do so will result in a late penalty being applied as the marker will not know that an extension has been granted. 4. Final exam (2 hours duration, 40%) The multiple choice exam is designed to assess knowledge and understanding of material covered in the lectures, textbook, and readings. It will comprise 80 questions, each worth 0.5 marks. The exam will be held during the University examination period. THE UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION PERIOD: The University Examination period in Second Half Year 2011 is from November 14 to December 2, 2011. Students are expected to present themselves for examination at the time and place designated in the University Examination Timetable. The timetable will be available in Draft form approximately eight weeks before the commencement of the examinations and in Final form approximately four weeks before the commencement of the examinations. http://www.timetables.mq.edu.au/exam The only exception to not sitting an examination at the designated time is because of documented illness or unavoidable disruption. In these circumstances students may wish to consider applying for Special Consideration. Information about unavoidable disruption and the special consideration process is available at http://www.reg.mq.edu.au/Forms/APSCon.pdf If a Supplementary Examination is granted as a result of the Special Consideration process, the examination will be scheduled after the conclusion of the official examination period. Supplementary Examination in the Department of Psychology will be held on the 15th 16th of December 2011. Supplementary Exams are only offered to students who have satisfactorily completed all other assessments for the unit and were unable to sit the final exam. Instructions on applying for sitting of a supplementary exam are available from the website, www.psy.mq.edu.au/speccond. It is the students responsibility to follow the steps outlined in this website. When a supplementary exam has been granted an email will be sent to the student. It is the students responsibility to check the Department of Psychology Special Consideration website for information relating to the date and location of the supplementary exam. Students who are granted to sit for a supplementary exam must make themselves available to sit for the Page 14 of 16

supplementary exam on the specified dates. There will be only one alternative time. It is the students responsibility to email the Psychology Office, psy_off@mq.edu.au to confirm attendance to the supplementary exams. Students should note that it is Macquarie University policy not to set early examinations for individuals or groups of students. All students are expected to ensure that they are available until the end of the teaching semester, that is, the final day of the official examination period.

ACADEMIC HONESTY Academic honesty is an integral part of the core values and principles contained in the Macquarie University Ethics Statement. The Policy covering Academic Honesty is available on the web at: http://www.mq.edu.au/policy/docs/academic_honesty/policy.html Plagiarism is an example of dishonest academic behaviour and is defined by the Policy on Academic honesty as: Using the work or ideas of another person and presenting this as your own without clear acknowledgement of the source of the work or ideas. Plagiarism is a serious breach of the University's rules and carries significant penalties. The Academic honesty Procedure is available at http://www.mq.edu.au/policy/docs/academic_honesty/procedure.html This procedure notes the following responsibilities for students:

Act in accordance with the principles of the Academic Honesty Policy. Become familiar with what academic dishonesty is, what are appropriate referencing techniques and the consequences of poor practice. Seek assistance from the unit convenor (or their nominee) to remedy any deficits or if you are unsure of discipline specific practice. Submit only work of which you are the author or that properly acknowledge others. Do not lend your original work to any other person for any reason. Keep drafts of your own authored work and notes showing the authorship or source of ideas that are not your own. The penalties which can be applied for academic dishonesty are outlined in the Academic Dishonesty Schedule of Penalties, which can found be at: http://www.mq.edu.au/policy/docs/academic_honesty/schedule_penalties.html The penalties range from applying a fail grade for the assessment task or requiring the student to re-submit the assessment task for a mark no greater than 50 to applying a fail grade to the unit of study and referral to the University Discipline committee. You must read the University's Policy and Procedure on Academic Honesty.

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UNIVERSITY POLICY ON GRADING Academic Senate has a set of guidelines on the distribution of grades across the range from fail to high distinction. Your final result will include one of these grades plus a standardised numerical grade (SNG). D/HD = 75 100 SNG: Denotes work of superior to outstanding quality, which may be demonstrated in terms of criticism, logical argument, interpretation of material, skilful use of methods, originality and creativity, with evidence of considerable reading beyond the unit text. CR = 65 74 SNG: Denotes work of predominantly very good quality, demonstrating a sound grasp of content together with efficient organization, the capacity to make some critical appraisal of the material, and evidence of some independent reading beyond the unit text. P = 50 64 SNG: Denotes a clear pass and satisfactory achievement of the unit objectives, with adequate understanding of the material in the unit readings. F: denotes that a candidate has failed to complete the unit requirements satisfactorily. Please note that Standardized Numerical Grades (SNGS) are not equivalent to raw marks. Thus, your raw mark for a unit (i.e., the total of your marks for each assessment item) may not be the same as the SNG which you receive. For more information please refer to the Macquarie University Handbook. APPEALS AGAINST GRADES Please refer to the Faculty of Human Sciences website http://www.humansciences.mq.edu.au/ STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES Macquarie University provides a range of Academic Student Support Services. Details of these services can be accessed at http://www.student.mq.edu.au. On matters pertaining to the regulations, the Registrars Office should be consulted or, within the Department of Psychology, Dr Julia Irwin, Director of Undergraduate Studies. Students with disabilities who have problems within the Department should consult Ms Radha Pathy, the Disability Liaison Officer. If your difficulties cannot be resolved by these members of staff you should consult the Head of Department. If you have a major difficulty associated with writing skills, you could enrol in a short course on writing skills. For details go to: http://www.ling.mq.edu.au/support/writing_skills/index.htm

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