SECRET SYMBOLISM IN OCCULT ART by FRED GETTINGS HARMONY BOOKS/NEW YORKCopyright © 1987 by Fred Gettings All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Published by Harmony Books, a division of Crown Publishers, Inc., 225 Park Avenue South, New York, New York 10003 Originally published in Great Britain as Visions of the Occult by Century Hutchinson HARMONY and colophon are trademarks of Crown Publishers, Inc. Manufactured in Singapore Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gettings, Fred. Secret symbolism in occult art. 1. Symbolism. 2. Occultism in art. 3. Symbolism in art. T. Title BF1623.S9G45_ 1987 133 87-3412 ISBN 0-517-56718-0 10987654321 First American Edition PICTURE SOURCES, 196 Bibliothéque de l’Arsenal, Paris; 93 Bibliotheca Estense, Modena; 11, 42 Bodleian Library, Oxford; 47, 75, 104, 161, 189 British Library; 45, 48, 206 Bibliotheque National, Paris; 142 Moyse’s Hall Museum, Bury St Edmunds; 51, 128, 129, 130 Monastery Sacra di San Michele, Val di Susa; 153 Museé Archeologique, Sousse, Tunisia; 77 Museé Conde, Chantilly; 136 Museo Civico, Vicenza; 76 Public Library, Lucca; 152 Romer Museum, Augst; 144, 148 Rhodes Museum; 191 Vadiana Kantonsmuseum, St Gall; 26 Victoria and Albert Museum All other illustrations are drawn from the Charles Walker Collection, Images Colour Library, Leeds