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Module Code Module Name Course Department
ESD 525 Real Time Software Engineering M.Sc in Real-Time Embedded Systems Computer Engineering
Declaration Sheet
Student Name Reg. No Course Batch Module Code Module Title Module Date Module Leader Karthik k CHB0911015 Real Time Embedded System FT-11 ESD525 Real Time Software Engineering to 08-11-2011 03-12-2011 Mr. Deepak V Batch FULL-Time 2011
Extension requests:
Extensions can only be granted by the Head of the Department in consultation with the module leader. Extensions granted by any other person will not be accepted and hence the assignment will incur a penalty. Extensions MUST be requested by using the Extension Request Form, which is available with the ARO. A copy of the extension approval must be attached to the assignment submitted.
Declaration
The assignment submitted herewith is a result of my own investigations and that I have conformed to the guidelines against plagiarism as laid out in the PEMP Student Handbook. All sections of the text and results, which have been obtained from other sources, are fully referenced. I understand that cheating and plagiarism constitute a breach of University regulations and will be dealt with accordingly.
Date
03-11-2011
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Abstract
____________________________________________________________________________
Now-a-days Real-time software engineering systems have become most important and indispensible part of our modern day life. Real-time systems are growing rapidly in current markets. Real time software engineering is an engineering providing certain methods and tools for the development of quality product with a limited budget and a given deadline, in the context of constant requirements change. Hence it is very important that the real-time systems are highly efficient, reliable and robust. To develop such real time embedded systems, various approaches are used.
Here, the software which I am going to develop is Digital Video Recording system. It is a real time system; there are two approaches which I am using for developing the system. They are structured approach and object oriented approach which is using UML standard. Here, I am making everything automated by writing code in C, C++ using RRRT tool. By this the whole system is controlled by the software, this reduces man power and will be more efficient. In the next session I have discussed the issues and future development of the two approaches.
By following these methods, I developed a system which gives a better quality to end user. The system is reliable and easy to maintain. The structural and object oriented approach gives a confidence of Digital Video Recording (DVR) system development with good document which can used to maintain it.
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Contents
____________________________________________________________________________ Declaration Sheet .......................................................................................................................... ii Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ iii Contents ....................................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... vi List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. vii List of Symbols .......................................................................................................................... viii PART-A ........................................................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER 1 ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Literature survey on characteristics of ISO&CMM ........................................................... 1 1.2.1 Characteristics of CMM .............................................................................................. 1 1.2.2 Characteristics of ISO .................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Comparisons of the Models ................................................................................................ 2 1.4 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 3 PART-B ........................................................................................................................................ 4 CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Functional Requirements .................................................................................................... 4 2.4 Entity Relationship Model .................................................................................................. 5 2.5 DATA FLOW MODEL...................................................................................................... 5 2.5.1 CONTEXT LEVEL DIAGRAM ................................................................................. 5 2.5.2 Level 1 DFD .................................................................................................................... 7 2.5.3 Level 2 DFD ................................................................................................................ 8 2.6 DATA DICTIONARY ....................................................................................................... 8 2.7 CFD (Control Flow Diagram) ............................................................................................ 9 2.8 Test cases .......................................................................................................................... 10 iv
PART-C ...................................................................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................... 13 3.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 13 3.2 Use cases........................................................................................................................... 13 3.2.1 Data card .................................................................................................................... 13 3.2.2 Sd card slot ................................................................................................................ 13 3.2.3 Copy to DVD ............................................................................................................. 13 3.2.4 Play or pause .............................................................................................................. 13 3.2.5 Rewind & forward ..................................................................................................... 13 3.2.6 Replay or stop ............................................................................................................ 14 3.3 Actors in use case diagram ............................................................................................... 14 3.4 Use case specifications ..................................................................................................... 14 3.5 Use Case Diagram ............................................................................................................ 16 3.6 Capsule in DVR ................................................................................................................ 17 3.6.1 Class Diagram ............................................................................................................ 17 3.6.2 Capsule Structure Diagram ........................................................................................ 18 3.7 Results Discussion ............................................................................................................ 19 3.8 conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 21 3.9 Comments on Learning Outcome ..................................................................................... 22 References............................................................................................................................... 23 APPENDIX A ......................................................................................................................... 24
List of Tables
____________________________________________________________________________ Table1. 1 Difference for ISO & CMM ......................................................................................... 3
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List of Figures
____________________________________________________________________________
Fig2. 1 E-R DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................ 5 Fig2. 2 ZERO LEVEL .................................................................................................................. 6 Fig2. 3 level 1................................................................................................................................ 7 Fig2. 4 level 2................................................................................................................................ 8
Fig 3. 1Use Case Diagram .......................................................................................................... 16 Fig 3. 2 State Diagram ................................................................................................................ 18 Fig 3. 3 Capsule Structure Diagram ............................................................................................ 18 Fig 3. 4 Test Execution 1 ............................................................................................................ 19 Fig 3. 5 Testing Case2................................................................................................................. 20 Fig 3. 6 Testing Case3................................................................................................................. 21
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List of Symbols
___________________________________________________________________________
Acronyms
Real Time Embedded Systems Unified Model Language Data Flow Diagram Object Oriented Analysis Rational Rose Real Time Functional Requirement Non- Functional Requirement Process Specifications Control Specifications
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PART-A CHAPTER 1
1.1 Introduction
The day today software developers can no longer afford to deliver poor quality software developers, modern software development organization are paying a great deal of attention to quality management, the iso was specifically for designed for system development. Today a
growing number of is developers use standard as control of implementing quality systems. Many companies are eager to obtain a certificate because of market pressure. In this session, we discuss the use of standard in control of quality of software. Iso model which is most popular standard in Europe and Japan [1], it is compared with capability maturity model(cmm), which is common standards followed in USA[2][3][4] [3][4].
1.2.2 Characteristics of ISO The ISO software provides 6 main characteristics[5] Functionality Functionality is the essential purpose of any product or service. For certain items this is relatively easy to define, for example a ship's anchor has the function of holding a ship at a given location. The more functions a product has, e.g. an ATM machine, then the more complicated it becomes to define it's functionality Reliability Once a software system is functioning, as specified, and delivered the reliability characteristic defines the capability of the system to maintain its service provision under defined conditions for defined periods of time. Usability Usability only exists with regard to functionality and refers to the ease of use for a given function. For example a function of an ATM machine is to dispense cash as requested. Placing common amounts on the screen for selection, i.e. $20.00, $40.00, $100.00 etc, does not impact the function of the ATM but addresses the Usability of the function. Efficiency This characteristic is concerned with the system resources used when providing the required functionality. The amount of disk space, memory, network etc. provides a good indication of this characteristic. Maintainability The ability to identify and fix a fault within a software component is what the maintainability characteristic addresses. In other software quality models this characteristic is referenced as supportability. Maintainability is impacted by code readability or complexity as well as modularization. Portability This characteristic refers to how well the software can adopt to changes in its environment or with its requirements. The sub characteristics of this characteristic include adaptability. Object oriented design and implementation practices can contribute to the extent to which this characteristic is present in a given system.
development in mind it has widely been accepted on an international basis as a successful model with consider to quality promise in the software industry.
Re-certification must be done within one No need of any certification further year Certification will be done by 3rd party not by Certification will be done by SIE(developers the main organization of CMM)
1.4 Conclusion
At present there is a conflict between the desire for better quality systems resulting in measurable improvements of the systems development process and the way in which this is implemented by means of standards. Quality certificates can give a wrong impression of the real capabilities of an organization, but this should not lead to the abolition of standards.
The majority of organizations can improve their systems by making (sensible) use of the standards. In the short term, the quality of systems development can be improved by an approach that is specially constructed for assessing systems development environments, that support measurable improvement in the development process, and that support the choice and implementation of actions.
In the longer term, standards and certificates will have to take into account the diversity that exists in the real world. We think this process will take some time and that, therefore, organizations will have to carefully assess the value of quality certificates in different situations.
PART-B CHAPTER 2
________________________________________________________________________________
2.1 Introduction
Nowadays everyone is busy with their jobs, carers, schedules etc. so many people are missing their favourite programs, celebrity interviews and lot more valuable programs for this problem dth providers found out new idea to control this problem i.e. DVR(digital video recorder) which can record live programs & future programs so who are missing the live telecast can record those telecast and watch those in leisure times even we can record future TV programs in hd quality this is main motive of the DVR in set up box Even we can copy those contents into dvd or memory card, for this purpose DVD writer& memory card slot is provided. more than 550 hours of streaming can recorded un interruptedly, it can increased in future with advanced technology
User interacts with dvr option in setup box Data stores in database Setup box interacts with dvr to record Data recorders record data in dvr
Fig2. 3 level 1
User interacts with sd card slot to copy data from data base Recorder records from live streaming
RECORDS DATA
INTERACTS
2D RECORDE R
USER
INTERACTS INTERACTS 3D RECODER
PLAY&PA USE
ACTIVATES
SET-UP BOX
USES FORWARD & REWIND
DATA BASE
Fig2. 4 level 2
2d recorder records other than 3d contents 3d recorder records 3d movies & content Play& pause option lets u pause live contents User can forward or rewind data stored in database
database Play & pause Controls Controls data in User can control Signal database Rewind forward Interacts DVR controller & Controls the streaming transmission
Controls data in User can control Signal database the streaming transmission
Used to record User can record Signal data live streaming or transmission future telecasting
Fig 2. 1 CFD
INTERACTS
SET-UP BOX
INTERAC TS DVR
USER
REWIND OR FORWARD
PLAY&PA USE
RECORDS
USES
DATA BASE
User first interacts with setup box for recording live streaming Then setup box interacts with dvr for recoding purpose The dvr records data that is mentioned by the user User can pause live streaming User can rewind or forward video that already recorded All the storage will be done in database Database has got 550 hours of storage capacity
TESTSPCIFICATION/REPORT Test Case/Test Data Test Case Feature Criti cal Test Cases Test Strategy Test Data Test procedure Test Setup Expected Results Test Cycle Obta ined
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No
Resu lts
TC_0
Check
Black
Input
Requir ed
Channel will be
TC_1
Black Box
missio ission n
wishes TC_2 length of Y time required for the It should take starting & ending time of recordi ng TC_3 Stop button Y Recodi Black Navig ator Recor ding Recordin g stop will at Black Box Signal trans It should Recoding should at
missio start at start n desire d time given time end given time
recording
& at
any case by
button
pressin pressing
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g this this button TC_4 fast forward or skip Y Skippin Black g ads in Box recorde d video Fast forwar ding record ed video button Ads will be skipped by this
commerci als in a recorded video TC-5 Copying recorded content into DVD Y
feature
Black Box
DVD
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PART-C CHAPTER 3
________________________________________________________________________________
3.1 Introduction
Object orientation analysis is an approach to software design in which decomposition of system is based upon the concept of an object. An object is an entity whose behavior is characterized by the actions that it suffers and that it requires of another objects. Object oriented approach has many automated tools to produce an application.
3.2.6 Replay or stop User can replay the live streaming or stop any recoding data even though he given the ending time
Sd card slot UC_2 Set-up box Memory support in set-up box This is used for copying purpose
Can copy data in the slot Copy is completed Get the instructions from manual
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Use case name Use case ID Actors Purpose Overview Precondition Post condition Cross reference
Copy to DVD UC_3 Set-up box Copying data User can copy data into DVD writer
Use case name Use case ID Actors Purpose Overview Precondition Post condition Cross reference
Play & pause UC_4 User, DVR For pausing live streaming This is for pausing live streaming
Live streaming Paused live stream Get the instructions from manual
Rewinding& forwarding UC_5 User, DVR For rewinding& forwarding For rewinding For fast forwarding
Precondition Post condition Cross reference Get the instructions from manual
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Replay or stop UC_6 User , DVR Stopping at desired time Replay of pause content Stopping at desired time
Pause of live streaming Stop at recording spot Get the instructions from manual
data c ard
<no rolename> ( data c ard ) <no rolename> ( sd c ard slot ) <no rolename> ( c opy to dv d )
c opy to dvd
play& pause
<no rolename> ( play& pause ) <no rolename> ( forward& rewind ) <no rolename> ( replay & stop )
<no rolename> ( play& pause ) <no rolename> ( forw ard& rewind ) <no rolename> ( replay & stop ) replay & stop
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+ # # # # # # # +
/ / / / / / / / /
p1 : RECOR DING t3 : T iming t1 : T iming t4 : T iming t5 : T iming t6 : T iming t7 : T iming t8 : T iming p2 : MEMORY
Records in the memory recorder Interaction for user Records live streaming
Class name
<< Ca p su le >> IN T E R A CT IO N
+ / p 2 : R E CO R D IN G ~
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/ bhR1 : dvr
/ bv R1 : INTERACT ION
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3.8 conclusion
The concepts of both Structured Analysis and Object Oriented Analysis along with Object Oriented Design have been used to prepare a model of the system to be implemented. Also test cases where established for which test stubs where created and tested to check the interface and the overall
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working of the system. It can be seen that RRRT is an effective tool to create these models both quickly and efficiently.
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References
________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Humphrey W.S. , Characterizing the software process, IEEE Software, march 1988 [2] Humphrey W.S., Managing the software process, Addison Wesley, 1989 [3] Paulk M.C., Curtis B., Chrissis M.B., Capability maturity model for software, Software engineering institute, CMU/SEI-91-TR-24, DTIC Number AD240603, august 1991 [4] Paulk M.C., Curtis B., Chrissis M.B.,Weber C.V., Capability maturity model for software, Version 1.1. Software engineering institute, CMU/SEI-93-TR-24, august 1993 [5] http://www.sqa.net/iso9126
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APPENDIX A
///////////////////DVR/////////////////
int hh,mm,ss,time,a,D,M,Y; cout<<"welcome"<<endl; cout<<"insert the card"<<endl; cout<<"Menu"<<endl;
HBO "<<endl; GEMINI "<<endl; STAR CRICKET"<<endl; CNN "<<endl; DISCOVERY "<<endl;
cout<<" cin>>a;
switch(a) { case 1:cout<<" HBO LIVE"; t3.informIn(RTTimespec(3,0)); break; case 2:cout<<" GEMINI LIVE"; t4.informIn(RTTimespec(3,0)); break; case 3:cout<<" STAR CRICKET LIVE"; t5.informIn(RTTimespec(3,0)); break; case 4:cout<<" CNN"; t5.informIn(RTTimespec(3,0)); break; case 5:cout<<" DISCOVERY LIVE"; t5.informIn(RTTimespec(3,0)); break; default: cout<<"invalid entry"; p2.signal2().send(); break; } p1.signal1().send(); cout<<"enter for the recording section"<<endl; int b,D,M,Y,hh,mm,ss,time; cout<<"enter the date for recording"<<endl; cin>>D; cin>>M; cin>>Y; cout<<"D:M:Y"; cout<<" the entered date is"<<D<<":"<<M<<":"<<Y<<endl; cout<<"enter the starting time for recording"<<endl; cout<<"hh:mm:ss"; cin>>hh; cin>>mm; cin>>ss; time=((60*mm*hh));
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cout<<"
the entered
cout<<"enter the stoping time for recording"<<endl; cout<<"hh:mm:ss"; cin>>hh; cin>>mm; cin>>ss; time=((60*mm*hh)); cout<<" the entered stoping time is"<<hh<<":"<<mm<<":"<<ss<<endl; t1.informIn(RTTimespec(5,0)); cout<<"enter for the recording section"<<endl; int b,D,M,Y,hh,mm,ss,time; cout<<"enter the date for recording"<<endl; cin>>D; cin>>M; cin>>Y; cout<<"D:M:Y"; cout<<" the entered date is"<<D<<":"<<M<<":"<<Y<<endl; cout<<"enter the starting time for recording"<<endl; cout<<"hh:mm:ss"; cin>>hh; cin>>mm; cin>>ss; time=((60*mm*hh)); cout<<" the entered starting time is"<<hh<<":"<<mm<<":"<<ss<<endl; cout<<"enter the stoping time for recording"<<endl; cout<<"hh:mm:ss"; cin>>hh; cin>>mm; cin>>ss; time=((60*mm*hh)); cout<<" the entered stoping time is"<<hh<<":"<<mm<<":"<<ss<<endl; cout<<"enter for the recording section"<<endl; int b,D,M,Y,hh,mm,ss,time; cout<<"enter the date for recording"<<endl; cin>>D; cin>>M; cin>>Y; cout<<"D:M:Y"; cout<<" the entered date is"<<D<<":"<<M<<":"<<Y<<endl; cout<<"enter the starting time for recording"<<endl; cout<<"hh:mm:ss"; cin>>hh; cin>>mm; cin>>ss; time=((60*mm*hh)); cout<<" the entered starting time is"<<hh<<":"<<mm<<":"<<ss<<endl; cout<<"enter the stoping time for recording"<<endl; cout<<"hh:mm:ss"; cin>>hh; cin>>mm; cin>>ss; time=((60*mm*hh)); cout<<" the entered stoping time is"<<hh<<":"<<mm<<":"<<ss<<endl; cout<<"1 Pause "<<endl; cout<<"2 Forward "<<endl;
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cout<<"3 Rewind "<<endl; cout<<"4 Stop "<<endl; int no,n=1; while(n<2) { cout<<"enter the no value"<<endl; cin>>no; switch(no) { case 1:cout<<"paused????"<<endl; break; case 2:cout<<"Forward........................"<<endl; break; case 3:cout<<"rewinding......................"<<endl; break; case 4: n=3; cout<<"stop"<<endl; cout<< "@!@ "<<endl; cout<<" ! "<<endl; cout<<" ! "<<endl; break; default:cout<<"invalid entry"<<endl; break; } } t8.informIn(RTTimespec(1,0));
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