Fault Detection and Protection of Induction Motors Using Sensors

Bayindir, R. Sefa, I. Colak, I. Bektas, A. Dept. of Electr. Educ., Gazi Univ., Ankara This paper appears in: Energy Conversion, IEEE Transactions on Issue Date: Sept. 2008 Volume: 23 Issue: 3 On page(s): 734 - 741 ISSN: 0885-8969 Cited by: 1 INSPEC Accession Number: 10177422 Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TEC.2008.921558 Date of Current Version: 19 August 2008

Abstract
Protection of an induction motor (IM) against possible problems, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, overload, overtemperature, and undervoltage, occurring in the course of its operation is very important, because it is used intensively in industry as an actuator. IMs can be protected using some components, such as timers, contactors, voltage, and current relays. This method is known as the classical method that is very basic and involves mechanical dynamic parts. Computer and programmable integrated circuit (PIC) based protection methods have eliminated most of the mechanical components. However, the computer-based protection method requires an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) card, and the PIC-based protection method does not visualize the electrical parameters measured. In this study, for IMs, a new protection method based on a programmable logic controller (PLC) has been introduced. In this method, all contactors, timers, relays, and the conversion card are eliminated. Moreover, the voltages, the currents, the speed, and the temperature values of the motor, and the problems occurred in the system, are monitored and warning messages are shown on the computer screen. Experimental results show that the PLC-based protection method developed costs less, provides higher accuracy as well as safe and visual environment compared with the classical, the computer, and the PIC-based protection systems.

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Protection of Induction Motor Using PLC

Colak, I.; Bayindir, R.; Bektas, A.; Sefa, I.; Bal, G.; MemIEEE, Gazi Electrical Machines and Energy Control (GEMEC) Group, Gazi University, Technical Education Faculty Electrical Education Departmant-06500 Besevler/AnkaraTURKEY. icolak@gazi.edu.tr This paper appears in: Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives, 2007. POWERENG 2007. International Conference on Issue Date: 12-14 April 2007 On page(s): 96 - 99 Location: Setubal, Portugal Print ISBN: 978-1-4244-0895-5 Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/POWERENG.2007.4380120 Date of Current Version: 12 November 2007

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to protect induction motors against possible failures by increasing the reliability, the efficiency, and the performance. The proposed approach is a sensor-based technique. For this purpose, currents, voltages, speed and temperature values of the induction motor were measured with sensors. When any fault condition is detected during operation of the motor, PLC controlled on-line operation system activates immediately. The performance of the protection system proposed is discussed by means of application results. The motor protection achieved in the study can be faster than the classical techniques and applied to larger motors easily after making small modifications on both software and hardware.

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Implementation of process control with programmable controllers

Miklitz, N.B.; Musterer, R.H.; E.I. duPont de Nemours, Newark, DE This paper appears in: Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, 1990. Record of Conference Papers., Industry Applications Society 37th Annual Issue Date: 10-12 Sep 1990 On page(s): 199 - 203 Meeting Date: 10 Sep 1990 - 12 Sep 1990 Location: Houston, TX , USA Cited by : 1 INSPEC Accession Number: 3985695 Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/PCICON.1990.218102 Date of Current Version: 06 August 2002

Abstract
This report gives an example of a complex customized system with a programmable logic controller at the heart of the operation. The challenge to the project engineer was threefold: (1) to find suppliers for the parts or sub-systems for a total system that meets the user's process needs; (2) to define the responsibilities of the business partners and team members; and (3) to coordinate the efforts of individuals and companies, across great geographical distances and across international borders. It is shown that the technology of the PLC is stable and solid. Moreover, the trends in development are bringing its functionality ever closer to the needs of the process industry. Few will disagree with the suitability of the hardware choices. The second part of the application problem has now taken a clear path to success. The partnership arrangements have made the use of PLCs in process applications feasible on a large scale. It is no longer necessary to have a large staff of engineering talent to implement sophisticated projects

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An adaptive speed estimator for single-phase induction motors

Vendrusculo, E.A.; Pomilio, J.A.; Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., State Univ. of Campinas, Campinas This paper appears in: Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, 2008. SPEEDAM 2008. International Symposium on Issue Date: 11-13 June 2008 On page(s): 1248 - 1252 Location: Ischia Print ISBN: 978-1-4244-1663-9 References Cited: 13 INSPEC Accession Number: 10140841 Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/SPEEDHAM.2008.4581117 Date of Current Version: 29 July 2008

Abstract
In this paper, a mechanical speed estimator based on the model reference adaptive-system (MRAS) principle is evaluated for a single-phase induction motor operated as two-phase motor. In three-phase drives with complete vector control/MRAS system the effect of the rotor time constant is auto-compensated by the decoupling compensators or slip calculation. However, it is not feasible in pure MRAS scheme application. Further, the asymmetrical main and auxiliary windings of single-phase motors increase the estimator sensitivity to parameter mismatch and environment change. The MRAS is evaluated when the error vector choice relies on observing the counter electromotive force vector, instead of flux based MRAS structures. Also, it is analytically shown that instantaneous reactive power principle does not suppress the stator resistance in MRAS speed estimation of single-phase motor. The MRAS observer was tested under offset, no load operation and field- weakening region conditions. The MRAS performance was successful even to sharply frequency-step transitions.

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Low cost command device for single-phase induction motors

Ferreyre, F.; Clerc, G.; Goyet, R.; Bouscasse, T.; Univ. de Lyon, Lyon This paper appears in: Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, 2008. SPEEDAM 2008. International Symposium on Issue Date: 11-13 June 2008 On page(s): 278 - 283 Location: Ischia Print ISBN: 978-1-4244-1663-9 References Cited: 12 INSPEC Accession Number: 10140864 Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/SPEEDHAM.2008.4581141 Date of Current Version: 29 July 2008

Abstract
The single-phase capacitor-run induction motor is widespread for small power applications where the price is an important concern. In order to save costs, one tries to estimate the speed on the basis of voltage and current measurements and thus avoid a speed sensor. This paper deals with the rotor speed measurement on the basis of the capacitor voltage and proposes a low cost command device for a rolling shutter induction motor.