GATE -1993

ME: Mechanical Engineering

7.

C1lOo.~ethe most appropriate answer and indicate by writing on(v the corresponding capital letter (A, n, C, D a.~the case may be). An.nver the items in the sequence in which they appear. (2 x 25 = 50)

7.1

~r per 20

cent managers are technocrats, Clm,~ists of exact~~' 2 technocrats i.~ (A) O.204X (C) 040Y6 Ans. (A) EXlllanation.

the probability

that a random committee

of 5 managers

(B) OAOOO

(D) 0.9421

Probability of technocrat manager manager

= 100
4
)

20

- =p 5

Probability of non-technocrat
.

XO
-I)

(0

== -:-

=q
=

Probability of a random committee of 5 with exactly 2 technocrats

5C2p2 q3

{:~(~r(~r
(B) 1.200

= 11.21148

7.2

The actual oh,~erl'etl time./fJr an operation was J minute per piece. If the performance rating of the operator wa.~ J 20 and a 5 per cent per,wmal time is to be provided, the .~andard time in minute . er p piece is
(A) I()()() (C) 1.25()
(D)

(D) 1.263 Observed performance Performance rating

100 1

Ans.

120

1.2

------=

Observed time

Normal performanre

I x 1.2

1.2 mts

=
7.3

Normal time x Allowance 1.2 x 1.05 = 1.260 minutes

In d.c. welding, the . traight polari~v (electrode negative) results in (A) lower penetration (B) lower deposition rate (C) less heating of work piece (D) smaller weld pod Ans. (A) A .\haft (diameter 20+~~~mm)and a hole (diameter 20:~~o mm) when as. embledwouldyield (A) transition fit (C) clearance fit Ans. (C)
(B)

7.4

interference fit (D) none of these

EXI)lanation. Minimum clearnace = (20 + 0.10) - (20 + 0.05) Always clearance exits. Hence clearance fit. 7.5

= 0.05

Ii, ultra.'iOnicmachining process, the material removal rate will be higher for material . ith w (A) higher toughness (B) higher ductility (C) lower toughness (D) higher fracture strain Ans. (C) A milling cutter having 8 teeth is rotating at 150 rpm. If the feed per tooth is O. I, the table . peed in mm per minute is (A) 120 (C) 125 Ans. (A) 187 (D) 70
(B)

7.6

EXI)lanation. Table speed = Feed rate = ~ x n x N wherc ~ = feed/tooth, n = number of teeth and N Table speed = 0.1 x 8 x 150 = Uti mm/minute 7.7

rpm

Centrifugally cast products have (A) large grain structure with high porosity (B) fine grain structure with high density (C) fine grain structure with low density (D) scgregation of slug towards the outcr skin of the casting
ADS. (B)

7.8

With reference to NC machine . which of the following statement is wrong , (A) Both closed-loop and open-loop control systems are used. (B) Paper tapes. floppy tapes and cassettes are used for data storage. (C) Digitizers may be used as interactive input devices. (D) Post processor is an item of hardware Ans. (D)

7.9

A ga . turbine cycle with heat exchanger and reheating improves (A) only the thermal efficiency (B) only the specific power output (C) both thermal efficiency and specific power output (D) neither thermal efficiency nor specific power output

7.10 Knocking tendency in a S.l. engine reduces with increasing (A) compression ratio (B) wall temperature (C) supercharging (D) engine speed Ails. (D)
7.11 11,e radiative

heat transfer rate per unit area (W/m2) between two plane parallel grey surfaces (emis . ivi(v = 0.9) maintained at 400 K and 300 K is (A) 992 (B) 812

(C)464
(Stefan Boltzman constant. AilS. (B)
CJ

(D)567

= 5.67

x 10-8

W/m2 K4)

I I I (-+--1 0.9 0.9 )

= eCJ

(Tj4 - T24) 0.818 x 5.67 x 10-8 (4004

3004)

= 812

7.12 Round the clock cooling of an apartment having a load of300 MT/day requires an air-conditioning plant of capaci(v about
(A) I

ton

(C) 10 tons AilS. (A) EXI)lallation. 211 kJimin Refrigeration

(B) 5 tons (D) 100 tons

= I T of refrigeration = ----~
300 x lO3 24 x 60x 211

capacity .

"'"1 tOil
below -30C is not recommended due to its

7.13 The use (~lRefrigerant-22 (R-22) for temperatures (A) good miscibility with lubricating oil (B) poor miscibility with lubricating oil (C) low evaporating pressure (D) high compressor discharge temperature AilS. (D)
7.14

The equivalent evaporation(kg/hr) of a boiler producing 2000 kg/hr of . team with enthalpy content (~l2.J26 k.//kg from feed water at temperature 40C (liquid enthalpy = 168 k.//kg, enthalpy of vaporisation of water at 100C = 2258 kJ/kg) is (A) 2000 (B) 2149
(C) IMQ (D) 1649

Ans. (A)

Explanation.

Equivalent evaporation of boiler Ill,(h-hr) Enthalpy of vaporisation of water at 100" C 2000 kg/ hr(2426 - 1(8) kJ / kg 2258 kJ / kg

= 2000 Iq~/hr
heal

7.15 For a current carrying wire of 20 mm diameter e.:r:posed air (h = 25Wlm2K), maximum to di:,tribution occur . when the thickness ofimmlation (k = 0.5 Wlm K), is
(A) 20
111m ml11

(B)

10

111m

(C) 2.5
Ans. (B)

(D) 0 k h I

mm

05

W /mK

25 W/m2K

= Thickness of insulation

Il1 = 20 mm 50 20 - 10 = III mm

7.1 (j Cavitation in a hydraulic turbine is mm,t like(v to occur at the turbine (A) clltry (8) exit (C) stator exit (D) rotor exit
AilS. (D)

Explan'ltion. Cavitation in a hydraulic reaction turbine is likely to occur at the runner exit or at the inlet to draft tube where pressure is considerably reduced. 7.17 ,\;Jec!lic speed (~l Kaplan turbine ranges between a (A) 30 and 60 (8) 60 and 300 (C) 300 and 600 (D) GOOand 1000
AilS. (C D)

Explanation.

Specific speed of Pelton wheel < 40 Specific speed of Francis turbine between 60 and 300 Specific speed of Kaplan turbine between 300 and 1000

7. 18

O:~'

(Tv

and r -,:v are the rectangular stre .. component at a point. The radiu . Mohr '.~circle i. (~l

EXlllanation.
cr x

= Tension
Compression

AD

= BE =

CJ)x\,

('v =

OA = o)T)

OB = crJC)

Radius of Mohr's circle

= CD = CE = ~ AC2 + AD2

fTy

Radius ofMohr's

circle

"AC2

r-:-;;)--2
+ AD

( 01\ ; OB)2 + AI) 2 ~

7. tlJ

:~~

is tlte deflection

u11der tlte load P of a cantilever

beam {lengtlt L, modulu.~ of elasticit}'

E, 1l101l1e11t i11ertia 1/. rite strain energy due to bending is (~l

GATE -1993

- 6

MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING

(A)

p2

e
(B) (D)

p2

e e

3EI

6EI

(C)

e
I 2 I xpx8 PL3

p2

4EI

48EI

ADs. (B)

= -xPx--

=--

P2L3 6EI

3EI

7.20 The outside diameter of a hollow shaft is twice it. inside diameter. The ratio of its torque carrying capaci~v to that of a shaft of the . olid ame material and the same outside diameter is (A) 15 16 1 2 (B) 3 4 1 16

(C)

(D)

ADS. (A)

or

= _s_

fJ

R f ~[(2d)4 s 32 2d/2 f -~[2d]4 s 32 2d/2 The number of degrees offreedom in the figure i.
(A) 3 (B) 4

_d4]

of ajive link plane mechanism with five revolute pairs as shown

(C) 2 (0) I ADS. (C) EXllhlmltioD. Degrees of freedom m = 3(n - I) - 2j] - j2 n = nuber of links J1 j2
n

= number of single degree offreedom, and

=

= 5.
=

number of two degree of freedom jl = 5, j2 = 0 3(5 - I) - 2 x 5 - 0 = 2

7.22 In a plate cam mecanism with reciprocating roller follower, the follmver has a constant acceleration in the case of (A) cycIoidal motion (B) simple harmonic motion (C) parabolic motion (D) 3-4-5 polynomial motion Ans. (C) Explanation. For uniform acceleration and retardation, the velocity of the follower must change at a constant rate and hence the velocity diagram of the follower consists of sloping straight lines. The velocity diagram represents everywhere the slope of the displacement diagram, the later must be a curve whose slope changes at a constant rate. Hence the displacement diagram consists of double parabola. Acceleration

!
I

I
I I

1~1
~l

LYJ
Displacement 7.23 The yield .'.trength of a steel shajt i.twice its .fluctuation .. repre .. the most critical situation ent (A) -T to +T (C) () to +T Ans. (A) Explanation. According to Soderberg equations. 1 S S
0" m

diagram limit. Which of the following to Soderberg c. iterion? to +T to +T torque

endurance according (B) -T/2 (D) +T/2

= ~+2
cry crE to torque

= factor of safety
=

mean stress mean torque, as stress is proportional variable stress - variable torque from mean

cr y crv
O"y

= yield stress
=

crE = cnduance stress limit

= 20"E;
=
0"
_11_'

I S

0"
+_111

2er E

er E

_III

er +cr 2 v

Torque variation
A

crill
0
-

cry T 3 -T
4

crill -+cr 2

=Y

crE S

--T to +T --

T 7 -T 8 3 -T
4

T
2

to +T

T
4

o to +T
+ - to +T
2 T

T 2

T 2

3 -T
4

T 4

5 -T 8

Only for case' A' factor of safety S' is least. Hence it is the most critical situation among the four. 7.24 A cantilever heam ofnegligihle weight i.carrying a mas . at it.ree end, and is al. re . M f o ting lIIl ela . support of . tic tiffne .. a.shown in the Figure helow. k] If k2 represents the bending stiffness of the beam, the natural frequency (radls) of the system is
Oil

k1k2
M(kl+k2) (B) 2(kl + k2) M
~kl ~k2

(C)

(D)

~kl M-

k2

Ans. (C)
Natural frequency, F
.

= -

21t

1&
M
~(kl

where

k f

= k] + k2
=21t

+k)
M

7.25 17,e life (~l hall-bearing a (A) (Load)1I3 (C) (Load)33

i. il1verse(v proportional

to (B) (Load)3 (D) (Load)2

Ans.

(B)

7.22 In a plate cam mecanism with reciprocating roller follower, the follower ha.<. constant acceleration a in the case of (A) cycIoidal motion (B) simple harmonic motion (C) parabolic motion (D) 3-4-5 polynomial motion
ADS. (C)

Explanation. For uniform acceleration and retardation, the velocity of the follower must change at a constant rate and hence the velocity diagram of the follower consists of sloping straight lines. The velocity diagram represents everywhere the slope of the displacement diagram, the later must be a curve whose slope changes at a constant rate. Hence the displacement diagram consists of double parabola. Acceleration

f---I--- .
I
I

Velocity di09l'0m

I~I

'----1 I I

LJrJ
D'1splocement crE

~l

diagram torque

7.23 The yield . trength of a steel shaji i.twice its .fluctuations represent the mo.\t critical situation (A) -T to +T (C) (I to +T Ans. (A) Explanation. According to Soderberg equations. cr = cr +_v
_III

endurance limit. Which of the following according to Soderberg c"iterion? (B) -T/2 to +T (D) +T/2 to +T

S S crm cr y

cry

= factor of safety = mean stress mean torque, as stress is proportional to torque = yield stress cr\' = variable stress - variable torque from mean crE = cnduancc stress limit cry = 2fJE:
(T
_"_,

(T
+_111

2cr E

cr I:

cr _"I +cr 2 \.