Enrichment

CHAPTER 2: VOLUME OF SOLIDS

2.1 Cubes Volume = length length length =l3 2.2 Cuboids Volume = length x breadth x height 2.3 Right Prisms Volume of a right prism = area of cross-section x height (length) 2.4. Right Circular Cylinders Volume = Area of circle = r2 h 2.5 Right Pyramids

Height

Volume =

1 base area height 3

2.6

Right Circular Cones Volume = 1 x base area x height 3 1 = r2h 3 4 r3 3

2.7

Spheres Volume =

Volume of Solid

Enrichment

2.8

Hemispheres (half of a sphere) Volume =

2 r3 3

2.9 Questions Based On Examination Format.

3cm

1 cm

5 cm

DIAGRAM 1 Example 1 volume, Diagram 1 shows a solid cone with base radius of 5 cm and height of 3 cm. A small hemisphere with radius 1 cm is carved out of the solid. Find the 22 in cm3, of the remaining solid. Use = . 7 Volume of the cone = 1 22 x x 5 x 5 x3 = 78.57 cm3 3 7 2 22 x x 1 x 1 x 1 = 2.10 cm3 3 7

Volume of the hemisphere =

The volume of the remaining solid = 78.57 cm3 - 2.10 cm3 = 76.47 cm3

Volume of Solid

Enrichment

10 cm

5 cm 5 cm

DIAGRAM 2 2 Diagram 2 shows the tip of a cone touches the top of the cuboid and the base rests on the base of the cuboid. If the cone is taken out of the solid. Calculate the volume, in cm3, 22 of the remaining solid. Use = . 7

10

DIAGRAM 3 3 Diagram 3 shows a hemisphere resting on top of a cylinder, both having bases of identical area. The height of cylinder is 10 cm and the diameter of the cylinder is 7 cm. 22 Find the volume, in cm3, of the composite object. Use = . 7

Volume of Solid

Enrichment

In Diagram 4, two identical cones fit exactly on top of each other in a cylinder.

Diagram 4 The volume of each cone is 132 cm. If the area of the base of the cone is 9 cm, find the 22 volume of the cylinder. Use = . 7

5cm

8 cm

6 cm

DIAGRAM 5 5 The diagram 5 shows a right prism with a hollow cylinder.If the diameter of the hollow 22 cylinder is 3.5 cm, find the volume of the solid. (Use = ). 7

Volume of Solid

Enrichment

9 cm

6 cm

15 cm

Diagram 6 6 The solid as shown in the diagram 6 is made up of a cylinder and a cone. Calculate the 22 volume of the solid. (Use = ). 7

Diagram 7 7 Diagram 7 shows a solid formed by combining a right prism with a half cylinder on the rectangular ABCD. BF = CE = 10 cm , FG = EH = 8 cm and BC = 13cm. Calculate the volume,in cm 3 , of the solid. 22 [use = ] 7

13 cm

.
Volume of Solid

5 cm 5

Enrichment

Diagram 8 8 Diagram 8 shows a solid formed by combining a cone with a hemisphere.Find the volume of the composite in cm3. 22 [use = ]. 7

12 cm

10 cm 15 cm Diagram 9

Diagram 9 shows a solid cuboid . A cylinder with radius 4 cm and height 7 cm is taken 22 out of the solid. Calculate the volume, in cm 3 , of the remaining solid.[use = ]. 7

Diagram 10 10 Diagram 10 shows a solid formed by combining a right pyramid with a cuboid . Calculate

Volume of Solid

Enrichment

the volume,in cm 3 , of the solid. 22 [use = ] 7 2.10 Past Year SPM Questions

1. Nov 2003, Q6

1. Diagram shows a solid formed by combining a right pyramid with a half cylinder on the rectangular plane DEFG. DE = 7 cm, EF = 10 cm and the height of the pyramid is 9 cm. Calculate the volume, in cm3, of the solid. 22 [Use = ] [4 marks] 7

2. July 2004, Q2 Diagram 1 shows a solid formed by joining a right prism and a right pyramid.

Right angled triangle PST is the uniform cross-section of the prism. PQRS is a square and the height of the pyramid is 7 cm.
Volume of Solid

Enrichment

Calculate the value, in cm3, of the solid. 3. Nov 2004, Q2

[4 marks]

Diagram shows a solid formed by joining a cone and a cylinder. The diameter of the cylinder and the diameter of the base of the cone are both 7 cm. The volume of the solid is 231 cm3. 22 By using = , calculate the height, in cm3, of the cone. [4 marks] 7

4. July 2005, Q8 Diagram 4 shows a container formed by combining a half-cylinder and a right prism. The base ABDE of the container lies on a horizontal table. Right angled triangle GAB is the uniform crosssection of the prism. The height of the container is 21 cm. The container is filled with water to a height of 14cm and LM = 3 cm.

Volume of Solid

Enrichment

Calculate the volume, in cm3, of water in the container. [use 5. Nov 2005, Q6

22 ] 7

[4 marks]

Diagram shows a solid cone with radius 9 cm and height 14 cm. A cylinder with radius 3 cm and height 7 cm is taken out of the solid. Calculate the volume, in cm3 , of the remaining solid. [Use =
22 ] 7

[4 marks]

6. July 2006

10 cm

12 cm

15 cm

Volume of Solid

Enrichment

Diagram shows a solid cuboid. A cone is taken out of the solid. The diameter of the base of the cone is 7 cm and the height of the cone is 9 cm. Calculate the volume of the remaining solid. 22 [Use = ]. [4 marks ] 7 7. Nov 2006, Q5 Diagram 2 shows a combined solid consists of a right prism and a right pyramid which are joined at the plane EFGH. V is vertically above the base EFGH. Trapezium ABGF is the uniform cross of the prism.

The height of the pyramid is 8cm and FG = 14cm. (a) Calculate the volume, in cm3, of the right pyramid (b) It is given that the volume of the combined solid is 584cm3. Calculate the length, in cm, of AF.

[ 4 marks ]

8 June 2007 Diagram 4 shows a solid right prism with a half-cylinder removed from the prism. The diameter of the half-cylinder is 7 cm PQ = QR = 8 cm.

12 cm P R Diagram 4

Volume of Solid

10

Enrichment

Calculate the volume, in cm3, of the solid. [Using =

2 2 ] 7

[ 4 marks ]

9 . Nov 2007 , Q11 Diagram 6 shows a solid, formed by joining a cylinder to a right prism. Trapezium AFGB is the uniform cross-section of the prism. AB = BC = 9 cm. .The height of the cylinder is 6 cm and its diameter is 7 cm.

A 8 cm E

B H

12 cm Diagram 6

Calculate the volume, in cm3, of the solid. [Using = 10. June 2008 , Q8

2 2 ] 7

[ 4 marks ]

Diagram 8 shows a composite solid. ABCDEFGH a right prism with trapezium ABGF as its crosssection. AJBCKD is a half circular cylinder with diameter 14 cm. They joined at the rectangular plane ABCD. E

8 cm

H 3 cm C K G

F 5 cm A B J 11

Diagram 8

Volume of Solid

Enrichment

Using =

2 2 , calculate the volume, in cm3, of the composite solid. 7

[ 4 marks ]

11. Nov 2008, Q4 Diagram 4 shows a composite solid formed by the combination of a right prism and half circular cylinder at the rectangular plane ABFE. Right angled triangle DFE is the uniform cross-section of the prism.

E G F

6 cm C

A The diameter of the half circular cylinder is 7 cm and the volume of the composite solid is 451.5 cm3. H 2 2 Diagram 4 Using = , calculate 7 B a) the volume , in cm3, of the half circular cylinder, b) the length, in cm, of BC. [ 5 marks }

ANSWERS

Exercise 2.9 2 6 10

Questions based on examination format 3 7 718.67 cm 3 1359.43 cm 3 4 8 5 792 cm 3 576.19 cm 9

3

184.52 cm 3 569.71 cm 3 840 cm 3

19 cm 3 1448 cm 3

Exercise 2.10

Past Years SPM Questions Year Key 402.5

No 11

No 1

Year 2008N

2003N

Key a)115.5 b) 16

Volume of Solid

12

Enrichment

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

2004J 2004N 2005J 2005N 2006J 2006N 2007J 2007N 2008J

91 h=6 1800 990 1710.17 a)522.67 b) 2.37 153 987 1064

Volume of Solid

13