SCR UNIT

REVISION HISTORY
Rev. A B C D E F G H J K L M Description Initial Release Formatting and content revisions. Added Revision History page and drawing number in footer. Corrected text, table explanation letter, and procedure step numbering. Remove references to Ansaldo Ross Hill on pages 3-15 and 3-28. Correct figure placement on pages 49 through 51. Update figures. Add photo numbers, improve appearance of Figure 3-21, and correct errors in text. Convert to Word 97 format. Add Table of Contents codes. Correct Level 5 and Level 6 styles and errors. Correct Figure 3-13 and accompanying text on page 3-19. Correct Figure 3-1, and note on page 3-7 (change 50 Hz to 60 Hz). Edit two images in SCR Removal and Reassembly Procedure for Front and Rear Access, Horizontal Bridge. ERO/ECN # ---C23357 C24068 C24670 C25640 C25719 C25990 C28670 C29222 C29718 C29857 C31629

REVISION HISTORY PAGE

20605-49 Rev. M

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3-1

SCR UNIT
OPERATION
The SCR Unit rectifies the three-phase AC supply to provide continuously variable DC power to the traction motors. The SCR bridge, which performs the rectification, is isolated by a circuit breaker from the Main AC Bus. The bridge output is assigned to one of the motors via contactors. The contactors are closed in pairs (DC+ and DC-)(refer to Figure 3-1). The contactor logic and the DC voltage level are controlled from the DRILLER'S CONSOLE (refer to Section 4 of this manual). Electronic circuits in the DC Control Module regulate the voltage and current within preset limits. All SCR Units are identical. If one unit is not working, another is usually available to maintain power to the motor. Similarly, the electronic DC Control Modules and SCR cells of the bridge are interchangeable.
SCR 1 AC BUS

SPECIFICATIONS
ELECTRICAL Three Phase AC Input Voltage: 600 VAC Frequency: 60 Hz DC Output Per SCR Unit
Current

Zero to current-limit-value Amps continuous at stall throughout maximum voltage.

Current Limits

Different limits are selected to allow maximum horsepower and torque to be obtained from the Rig Equipment without exceeding the Manufacturers ratings. Refer to the label on top of each DC Control Module to verify current limit settings.
SCR 2 AC BUS

SCR BRIDGE

SCR BRIDGE

MOTOR
20601-34 Rev. B

Figure 3-1. Parallel Connection of SCR Bridges

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3-2 CURRENT LIMITS (CONCLUDED) The circuit breaker connecting the SCR bridge to the Main AC Bus may be replaced by a molded case switch. On older units, the circuit breaker has an overcurrent magnetic trip circuit. Newer units use ceramic fuses mounted on the vertical bridge for overcurrent protection. There is also an undervoltage (UV) or shunt trip circuit which is triggered for fuse failure and SCR overtemperature.
Current Rating

constructed from 14-gauge steel. The module has its own heat sink. Size: Weight: 4" (10 cM) Wide by 12" (30 cM) Deep by 12" (30 cM) High. 21 Pounds (9.5 KG).

Forced-Ventilation System The ventilation system consists of either two or six air blowers located below the SCR bridge. Air Flow Rating

These values are available on the system one line printer.

Overtemperature Rating

1,500 cubic meters per minute through each SCR cell. Each bridge requires either one or three motors to power the blowers. Each motor turns two blowers. One is connected at either end of the motors shaft. Voltage: Current: Speed: 600 VAC. 1.0 Amp (see blower name plate) 1,765 RPM (see blower nameplate)

The overtemperature switch, associated with each SCR is set for 165F (74C) on older units. Newer units are set for 190F (88C). MECHANICAL Cubicle The assemblies are mounted within the SCR Cubicle, on the side and door panels and a slide pan located below the blowers. Controls and Indicators These are mounted on the door panel of the SCR Cubicle. DC Control Module Many of the SCR rectification and control electronic circuits are assembled on one printed circuit (PC) card. The PC card One Line Diagram shown in Figure 1-2 (refer to Section 1) are housed in a module

Intake Air Filter Rating Filters are mounted on the ventilation openings. They consist of expanded aluminum gauze enclosed in a metal frame. They have an MBS (Master Bureau of Standards) rating of 12 to 15% (sufficient to trap common dust particles). SCR Enclosure The SCR is mounted within a set of enclosures designed to provide insulation and heat transfer, and to dampen mechanical vibration. The entire assembly is called the SCR Enclosure. The innermost assembly consists of the SCR enclosed on either side by aluminum heatsinks. A twoSCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

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3-3 bolt clamp is tightened to press the heatsinks into the SCR. Pressure exerted on the SCR is indicated by a gauge located on the top side of the enclosure. The SCR bridge can be phased up for testing by setting the MANUAL VOLTAGE SWITCH (Item 5 on Figure 3-2) to ON and rotating the MANUAL VOLTAGE KNOB (Item 4 on Figure 3-2) clockwise. In the ON position, the MANUAL VOLTAGE SWITCH opens all of the assignment contactors so that power is not applied to the DC traction motor. Bridge voltage can be monitored at the SCR VOLTS TEST PINS (Item 7 on Figure 3-2). The voltage ratio is 16:1, such that the SCR VOLTS TEST PINS (Item 7 on Figure 3-2) will represent a bridge voltage of 750 VDC when the SCR VOLTS TEST PINS register 46.8 VDC.

MAINTENANCE
This Section contains specific functional tests to assure proper operation of the SCR unit. There are two separate tests: one for SCRs and one for SCR Bridges. Perform the appropriate test(s) after repairing or replacing any of the unit assemblies. If the unit under test fails to perform as indicated, refer to troubleshooting later in this section to locate the malfunction.

Refer to Troubleshooting for an explanation of the various SCR Unit circuits, and Removal and Repair (found at the end of this section) for identification of the components. See Figure 3-2 for a front panel view of the DC Control Module. The POWER ON LIGHT (Item 1 on Figure 3-2) illuminates when power is applied to the DC Control Module. The TEST SELECT SWITCH (Item 3 on Figure 3-2) permits the operator to check the Contactor (CONT) and Throttle Reference (REF) signals received from the SCR Control Cubicle. The TEST SELECT SWITCH and TEST VOLTMETER (Item 2 on Figure 3-2) are color coded. For example, if the TEST SELECT SWITCH is set to one of the yellow CONT positions, the TEST VOLTMETER needle will deflect to the yellow band to indicate a normal condition.
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

Item 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Description Power ON light Test Voltmeter Test Select Switch Manual Voltage Knob Manual Voltage Switch Zero Throttle Interlock Light SCR Volts Test Pins SCR Amps Test Pins
FS-026-19

Figure 3-2. DC Control Module Indicators and Controls

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3-4 MAINTENANCE (CONTINUED) An indication of Bridge current can be monitored at the SCR AMPS TEST PINS (Item 8 on Figure 3-2). The current/voltage ratio is 376:1, such that the SCR AMPS TEST PINS represent 1,000 Amps of bridge current for each 2.66 VDC present on the SCR AMPS TEST PINS. The ZERO THROTTLE INTERLOCK LIGHT (Item 6 on Figure 3-2) indicates the operational status of the module circuit which suppresses the SCR bridge Firing Reference. When the ZERO THROTTLE INTERLOCK LIGHT is illuminated, the bridge voltage will be ZERO. It is illuminated under the two following conditions: Table 3-1. SCR Unit Test ACTION
PRELIMINARY A. Ensure that SCR Unit to be tested will not be assigned from the Driller's Console. B. Remove the wire from Terminal 134 of the DC Control Module. C. Energize the AC bus, if required. A. This step is performed for safety purposes. B. This opens the contactors. C. On DC Control Module, POWER ON and ZERO THROTTLE INTERLOCK lights will illuminate (the ZERO THROTTLE light will extinguish if a DC motor is assigned AND the REFERENCE SIGNAL was zero at that time). D. SCR ON light will illuminate and blowers will switch ON. A. There are no measurable results from this step. Observe the reading on the DC Voltmeter mounted on the DC Control Module. The unloaded bridge will initially read a negative voltage and then go positive to 800 VDC. Voltage Feedback from the Voltage Feedback Board can be monitored at the DC VOLTS terminals located on the front of the DC Control Module. Voltage Feedback should be 46.8 VDC @ 750 VAC.

1. SCR Unit is ON but not assigned to any of the DC functions. 2. SCR Unit is assigned to a function before the throttles are set to ZERO. The light is not illuminated when the throttles are set to ZERO and assigned contactors PULL IN.

RESULT

D. Close the SCR circuit breaker. SCR BRIDGE CHECK A. Set the DC Control Module MANUAL VOLTS SWITCH to ON. Rotate the DC Control Module MANUAL VOLTS KNOB slowly clockwise to MAXIMUM and counter-clockwise to MINIMUM. This should cause the bridge voltage to go from zero to 800 VDC. When the SCR bridge is not loaded, the capacitors in the bridge circuitry tend to raise the maximum bridge voltage. The bridge voltage will initially go negative.

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3-5 Table 3-1. SCR Unit Test (Concluded) ACTION

CONTACTOR AND THROTTLE CHECK A. Trip the SCR Circuit Breaker. B. Reconnect the wire to DC Control Module Terminal 134. C. Jumper the Circuit Breaker auxiliary contacts TB8-4 to TB8-5. D. Set the Driller's Console ASSIGNMENT SWITCH to various positions. In each position, check the Driller's Console contactor (CONT) and Throttle Reference (REF) signals. E. Remove the AUXILIARY CONTACT JUMPER when all CONT and REF signals are checked out. A. This step is performed for safety purposes. B. This closes the contactors. C. This closes the ASSIGNMENT CONTACTORS without applying power to the motors. D. Example: Suppose RT is assigned to the SCR Unit in 1 o'clock position. Then RT CONT (pin 129) and RT REF 1 (pin 130) can be checked. E. There are no measurable results from this step.

RESULT

Table 3-2. SCR Bridge Test ACTION

MODULE POWER SUPPLY CHECK A. Power the Main AC Bus (if necessary). B. Check the voltage present at the following DC Control Module pins: Pin(s) 103 through 108 153 154 FIRING PULSE CHECK A. There are no measurable results from this step. B. The voltage at each pins should be as follows: Voltage 12 VAC +14 VDC -14 VDC

RESULT

20601-35 Rev. B

Figure 3-3. SCR Firing Pulse

A. Open the SCR Circuit Breaker of the SCR unit under test. B. Place the MANUAL VOLTAGE SWITCH (Item 10 in Figure 3-2) in the up position. A. This step is performed for safety reasons. B. No observerable results are monitored during this step.

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3-6 MAINTENANCE (CONTINUED) Table 3-2. SCR Bridge Test (Concluded) ACTION
C. Rotate the MANUAL VOLTAGE KNOB (Item 4 on Figure 3-2) and check the firing pulses to each of the six SCRs with an Oscilloscope. When making the checks on the SCR firing pulses: the chassis of the Oscilloscope must be floated, the Oscilloscope ground is connected to the SCRs Cathode, and the Oscilloscope probe to the SCRs Gate. FEEDBACK CHECK A. Check the ripple of the Voltage Feedback signal waveform across the SCR VOLTS TEST pins on front of the DC Control Module. The Voltage Feedback waveform provides an indication of firing of the SCR's. Note that there are six peaks. Each SCR contributes a peak. A. The waveform should be similar to that shown in Figure 3-4.

RESULT
C. The observed SCR Firing Pulse should be similar to that shown in Figure 3-3. This procedure allows all points in the firing circuit to be monitored without having high voltage present.

GOOD

BAD

BAD

20601-36 Rev. B

Figure 3-4. Voltage Feedback Waveform

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3-7 Table 3-3. SCR Test ACTION

ISOLATE FAULTY SCR

RESULT
This is accomplished by comparing the Current Feedback ripple and SCR firing pulses on a dual-trace Oscilloscope while the SCR Unit is driving a load. During each 60 Hz cycle, there are six peaks in the ripple. Each of the six SCRs in the bridge contributes a peak. If one of the SCRs does not fire, a peak will be missing. If the SCR misfires, one of the peaks will be distorted. A. The waveform will look like the one shown in Figure 3-5. The firing pulse that is in sync with the missing or distorted peak is the one going to the faulty SCR (refer to Figure 3-6). In Figure 3-6, the B+ firing pulse lines up with the distorted peak, indicating that the B+ SCR is misfiring.

A. To check the six SCRs, connect Channel 2 of the Oscilloscope to the DC Control Module SCR AMPS TEST PINS and connect Channel 1 of the Oscilloscope to the DC Control Module Test Points listed below: DC Control Module Test Point TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5 TP6 SCR A+ AB+ BC+ C-

Ch. 1 on Test Point 4 (B-)

Ch. 2 on SCR Amps Test Pins

10223-18 Rev. A

Figure 3-6. Comparison of SCR Amps and Firing Sync Waveform

SCR MISFIRING

SCR NOT FIRING

20601-37 Rev. A

Figure 3-5. Current Feedback Waveform

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3-8 MAINTENANCE (CONCLUDED) Table 3-3. SCR Test (Concluded) ACTION

SCR RESISTANCE TEST A. Trip the SCR Circuit Breaker. B. Switch Multimeter polarity to + and the scale to R x 10,000. C. Test the Multimeter by connecting the + (red) and (black) leads. D. Measure resistance across the SCR by touching one Multimeter lead to the AC bus bar and the other Multimeter lead to the DC bus bar. A. There are no measurable results from this step. B. There are no measurable results from this step. C. The meter needle will swing to indicate Zero Ohms. D. The resistance measured should be in the >10 K range. The SCR is leaking if the measured resistance is less. The charging action of snubber capacitor that is across SCR will be observed (the resistance will not instantaneously be in the >10 K range, but will instead rise over a period of seconds). Let the Multimeter needle stabilize before taking final reading. E. Again, the resistance should be >10 K.

RESULT

E. Measure resistance across the SCR in the reverse direction by swapping the Multimeter leads. AC LEAKAGE TEST A. Reactivate an SCR bridge, but do not assign it. B. Use a Multimeter to check for AC from each leg of the DC Bus to ground. C. If excess AC leakage was detected in either Step B or C, remove power to the SCR Bridge and check all components in the snubber networks.

A. There are no measurable results from this step. B. A reading of >50 VAC indicates excess AC leakage. Most likely a snubber network has opened. C. Repair/replace any defective components.

TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubleshooting consists of locating a malfunctioning component in the SCR Unit. The Troubleshooting Index in the back of this section provides specific instructions.

C. D. E. F.

Ground Detection Circuit Contactor Control Logic DC Control Module Sprocket Slip Circuit

SCR BRIDGE See Figure 3-7 or 3-8. Three-phase AC from the Main AC Bus is applied to the SCR bridge through a circuit breaker. Each AC phase is connected to two SCRs. One SCR feeds the positive AC portion to the +DC Bus and the other SCR feeds the negative AC portion to the -DC Bus. For example, Phase A is connected to the A+ and A-

THEORY OF OPERATION
Figures 3-7 and 3-8 are the schematic diagrams of two different SCR Units. The circuits in the units can be grouped as follows: A. B.
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3-9 SCRs. The A+ SCR feeds the +DC bus while the A- SCR feeds the -DC bus. The +DC and -DC buses are connected to traction motors via assignment contactors. The SCRs are switched on and off to vary the DC level through firing pulses applied across the GATE and CATHODE terminals of each SCR. The firing pulses are generated in the DC Control Module (refer to Figures 3-7, 3-8, and 3-9). Refer to the Unique Devices section of this manual for a general description of an SCR. CIRCUIT BREAKER The Circuit Breaker is actually a power switch. It has a UV Trip coil and is tripped open automatically if 24 VDC power to the coil is interrupted. The positive terminal of the coil is permanently connected to +14 VDC power. The negative terminal is connected to -14 VDC power through various normally-closed switches which signal the following hazardous conditions: SCR Overtemperature There are two temperature sensors. One is mounted on the top of each heat sink column. The sensor contact is designed to open when the heatsink temperature exceeds 195F (91C). Blown SCR Fuse Fuse protection for the SCR consists of two 600 Amp fuses mounted in parallel. The UV Trip circuit is wired through blown-fuse indicator microswitches. Emergency Off The UV Trip circuit is also activated by the normally closed EMERGENCY OFF pushbutton on the DRILLER'S CONSOLE. CURRENT FEEDBACK Three Current Transformers (CT1, CT2 and CT3) are used to sense current flowing into the SCR bridge. On PC1 board, the CT signals are rectified and the resulting DC output divided through a resistor circuit. One signal is used to drive the front panel DC AMMETER. The other signal is applied to the DC Control Module as SCR Amps (Pin 131). The SCR Amps signal is 2.66 Volts per 1,000 Amps out of the SCR bridge. RC FILTER A ferrite core is used for each SCR to reduce the rate of change of current (dI/dT) through the SCR. The RC filter (a resistor and capacitor) is designed to reduce the rate of change of voltage (dV/dT) across the SCR. Excessive dV/dT or dI/dT can cause the SCR to misfire or fail.

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3-10

Figure 3-7. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram

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6281-021-00 Rev. B

3-11
6281-028-20 Rev. A

Figure 3-8. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram (Continued)

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3-12

Figure 3-8. SCR Unit Schematic Diagram (Concluded)

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6281-021-00 Rev. B

3-13 FIRING PULSE A pulse transformer isolates SCR voltages from control module firing circuits. The current pulse rises very quickly to 1 Amp to HARD FIRE the SCR. It then descends to a 0.5 Amp BACKPORCH (refer to Figure 3-9) to force more and more of the SCR to turn on through a regenerative process. There are two pulses, Main and Backup, which are 60 apart. The Main turns on one SCR. The Backup keeps an oppositepolarity SCR turned on. The previous opposite-polarity SCR allowing conduction was turned on 60 before the SCR turned on by the Main pulse. The Main pulse has a minimum duration of 300 mS. The Backup has a minimum duration of 200 mS. Main and Backup pulses are separated by 2.77 mS. Main and Backup pulses reoccur every 16.66 mS for each device. VOLTAGE FEEDBACK The +DC and -DC buses are tapped to develop a 16:1 ratio analog of the SCR bridge volts. DC+ and DC- signals from the DC buses dropped through a set of 3.9 K resistors are used to drive the front panel SCR Voltmeter. The other is a differential voltage signal (+Vbr) - (-Vbr). This is applied to the DC Control Module (Pins 101-102) for use in the DC Regulator circuit. When the SCR bridge voltage is 750 VDC, the differential voltage signal is 46.8 VDC. CONTACTOR POWER SUPPLY Transformer T5 (see Figures 3-7 or 3-8) supplies three-phase 46 VAC, to the PC1 board. On PC1, the 46 VAC is rectified to 60 VDC for contactor power supply. The star winding of transformer T4 supplies six 12 VAC three-phase voltages to the module (VCA, VCB, VAB, VBA, VBC, and VAC to pins 103 through 108). These signals are used to synchronize firing pulses for the six SCRs and derive 14 VDC power supplies.

20601-38 Rev. A

Figure 3-9. Firing Pulse

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3-14 RECTIFIER-TYPE SURGE SUPPRESSION PANEL This is an RC circuit which filters transient spikes on the AC bus. Circuit loss does not disable the drive system but does increase the likelihood of damage to the SCR cells (refer to Figure 3-10). The line input is fused and then rectified through a diode bridge. DC output from the bridge charges a capacitor bank to 1,000 VDC. A 25, 225 W resistor limits the charging current to 35 Amps. About 30 mS after power is turned on, relay K1 closes to short out the resistor. The excess charge caused by a spike is discharged through the resistor bank. When power is turned OFF, the capacitors are also discharged through the resistor bank. THE CAPACITOR DISCHARGE TAKES 10 SECONDS. DO NOT TOUCH ANY PART OF THE CIRCUIT DURING THIS PERIOD. The front panel SURGE SUPPRESSION LIGHT is normally illuminated. It will extinguish if any of the lines fuses are blown. The line indicator-type fuses are linked via indicator fuse switches (F4, F5, and F6) to a microswitch (S1) whose normally closed contacts are in series with the SURGE SUPPRESSION LIGHT circuit. When a line fuse blows, its indicator button opens the indicator switch, thus turning off the SURGE SUPPRESSION LIGHT. MOV-TYPE SURGE SUPPRESSION PANEL There are a number of operating conditions and problems that may lead to the generation of voltage transients. The energization of a transformer primary, a fuse that blows during a power fault, and switch arcing will all cause voltage transients. These voltage transients can be responsible for damage to circuit components. Most semiconductor devices are not able to withstand voltage transients in excess of their voltage ratings. Transient protection has been provided by three-phase delta-connected Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs). An MOV device exhibits high resistance until the terminal voltage exceeds its rated clamping voltage. The resistance of the device then substantially reduces, causing it to pass the voltage transient-induced current to one of the other phases, thus protecting the devices in the circuit (refer to Figure 3-11). The MOV-Type Surge Suppression Panel has been made possible due to the improved devices in the varistor family. The varistor combines the desired characteristics of the ideal voltage clamp provided by solid-state diode devices with the superior energy-absorbing ability of a metal oxide element. This MOV-Type Surge Suppression Panel is made of MOV devices connected line-to-line on the 600 VAC bus in each SCR bridge. The varistors are fused with 60 Amp indicating fuses. A blown fuse is indicated when the green SURGE SUPPRESSION LAMP is extinguished.

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3-15

Figure 3-10. Rectifier-Type Surge Suppression Circuit

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20601-39 Rev. A

3-16 MOV-TYPE SURGE PANEL (CONCLUDED) SUPPRESSION

Figure 3-11. MOV-Type Surge Suppression Circuit

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6281-028-20 Rev. A

3-17 The SURGE SUPPRESSION LAMP extinguishing may be an indication of a failed MOV device. It is possible that these devices may completely rupture upon failure. They are therefore covered with a safety shield to prevent equipment damage or personnel injury. DO NOT OPERATE THIS PANEL WITHOUT THE SAFETY SHIELD INSTALLED. TO INSPECT THE MOVS, OPEN THE FUSES BEFORE REMOVING THE SAFETY SHIELD. BE SURE TO INSTALL THE SHIELD BEFORE CLOSING THE FUSES TO REAPPLY POWER TO THE MOVS. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE CONTACTOR CONTROL LOGIC It is unlikely that the MOVs protection will be downgraded. It is recommended that the MOVs be inspected on a periodic basis (every three months) for loose leads and evidence of overheating. Ensure that you observe the precaution shown just above this subsection (PERIODIC MAINTENANCE) before performing the inspections. DC GROUND FAULT DETECTION CIRCUIT This circuit (refer to Figure 3-12) consists of three lights. Each light is connected on one side to a phase of the AC bus and grounded on the other. A series-connected meter indicates the percentage of the fault. The bridge output is assigned to one of several traction motors by closing the appropriate contactors. The contactor logic is set through the DRILLER'S CONSOLE ASSIGNMENT SWITCH. Single-pole contactors are used to assign motors which turn in only one direction. For reversing motors, the outputs of the singlepole contactors are applied to the motor armature via a double-pole contactor. The double-pole contactor reverses the armature leads to reverse the motor direction. The power contactor coils require 74 VDC to energize. The positive terminal of all coils is connected to +60 VDC. -14 VDC is connected to the negative terminals of the coils by a number of wired-in-series contacts. These monitor and ensure that all conditions are satisfactory to power the assigned motor. If any of the contacts in this control logic open, the power contactors trip and the SCR bridge is phased down. The lights will dimly illuminate during normal operation. If there is a DC ground fault, it will complete the circuit through all the phases of the Main AC Bus, so all the three lights will brightly illuminate. A deflection reading on the %DC GROUND METER indicates a ground on one of the DC buses. THE DC GROUND DETECTION CIRCUIT ONLY PROVIDES AN INDICATION OF A DC GROUND. IT DOES NOT CORRECT THE PROBLEM. THE GROUND FAULT MUST BE QUICKLY LOCATED AND CORRECTED TO PREVENT FURTHER DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.

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3-18 CONTACTOR CONTROL LOGIC (CONCLUDED)

0601-40 Rev. A

Figure 3-12. Ground Fault Detection Circuit During the following discussion, refer to Figure 3-13 (a typical Rotary Table Control circuit). 1. The Rotary Table is assigned to SCR 3 at the DRILLER'S CONSOLE ASSIGNMENT SWITCH. 2. The Rotary Table FORWARD/REVERSE SWITCH is set to REVERSE. Refer to the assignment switch configuration at the top-right corner of the schematic. The rotary table can be run on either SCR 2, 3, or 4. The Rotary Table motor connections are at the bottom-left corner of the schematic. SCR 3 bridge is connected to the Rotary Table motor through single-pole contactors K1 and K6 and reversing contactor K5.
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The coil connections for K1, K5 and K6 are shown in the middle of the circuit. The positive terminals of all the coils are connected to +60 VDC. Trace the -14 VDC control signal. The -14 VDC power supply in the DC Control Module is first passed through the normallyclosed MANUAL VOLTAGE SWITCH. This switch is placed in the TEST position to phase up the SCR bridge without applying power to the traction motors. The signal emerges from Pin 134 of the DC Control Module as CONT PS. It is routed through a normally-open auxiliary contact of the SCR 3 circuit breaker. This normallyopen auxiliary contact closes when the circuit breaker is closed, thereby assuring that the SCR Unit is turned on.
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3-19 The control signal is then sent to the DRILLER'S CONSOLE where it turns on the SCR 3 ON light. The control signal is also connected to one side of the DRILLER'S CONSOLE ASSIGNMENT SWITCH. The control signal emerges on the other side at the 3 o'clock contact since the DRILLER'S CONSOLE ASSIGNMENT SWITCH is set to the 3 o'clock position. The contactor signal now passes through the contacts of the RT vane switch relay RL2. A vane switch was not installed in the Rotary Table equipment; therefore, a jumper was installed so that RL2 will always be energized. If a vane switch is installed in the Rotary Table sometime in the future, the jumper can be removed. The signal next passes through REV contact of the ROTARY TABLE LOCKOUT SWITCH energizing the coil of contactor K5. The control signal is then routed through all the normally-closed auxiliary contacts of the power contactors in the SCR 3 Unit other than K1, K5 and K6. This assures that the bridge output is not connected to two motors at one time. At this point in time, the coils of K1 and K6 are energized. To ensure that their contacts have closed, the control signal is passed through the normally-open auxiliary contacts of K1 and K6. The control signal is then returned to the DC Control Module as RT CONT (Pin 129). In the DC Control Module, the reference for the SCR firing circuits is disabled as long as all the CONT signals (RT CONT, MP1 CONT, etc.) are not -14 VDC. The Rotary Table reference and Current Limit signals which originate in the DRILLER'S CONSOLE are also shown in Figure 3-13.

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3-20

Figure 3-13. Typical Rotary Table Control Circuit

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6222-012-01 Rev. C

3-21

10197-22 Rev. A

Figure 3-14. DC Regulator Circuit

DC CONTROL MODULE
The DC Control Module (refer to Figure 314) contains electronic circuits for the SCR Unit. These can be grouped into three assemblies: 1. DC Regulator 2. SCR Firing Circuits 3. DW Dynamic Brake Figure 3-14 shows the DC Control Module block diagram and pin designations.

DC REGULATOR The DC REGULATOR is a feedback control circuit which automatically matches the motor speed and torque to the throttle command from the Control Console in command (Mud Pump or Drillers). The DC REGULATOR circuit is shown in Figure 314.

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3-22 DC REGULATOR (CONCLUDED) The DC REGULATOR output is a FIRING REFERENCE (TP7) to the SCR firing circuits. Inputs to the circuit consist primarily of the SPEED REFERENCE, SPEED FEEDBACK, and CURRENT FEEDBACK. The regulator consists of two control loops, an outer VOLTAGE LOOP (Speed) and an inner CURRENT LOOP (Torque). The SPEED REFERENCE signal from the Control Console is summed with the SPEED FEEDBACK to derive a CURRENT COMMAND signal which, in turn, is summed with the CURRENT FEEDBACK signal to derive the FIRING REFERENCE signal. DC FOOT THROTTLE OPERATION The Drawworks has a Foot Throttle to allow quick response to the SCR bridge during tripping (refer to Figure 3-14). The DW Foot Throttle reference signal (pin 114) is applied directly to the Current Limit Summing Junction, thus skipping the Speed Feedback Junction. It, therefore, it acts as a Current Command. When the Driller presses the Foot Throttle, current to the Drawworks motors rises quickly and the voltage follows. The DW Speed Reference from the Driller's Console Hand Throttle (pin 117) and the DW Foot Throttle Reference are auctioneered through D10 and D59 to select the greater value (more negative) throttle command. When the Driller begins a tripping operation, he first sets the Drawworks to cathead speed by slightly cracking (moving) the Drillers Console Hand Throttle. At this time, the Speed Reference and Foot Throttle are enabled. When the Driller presses the Foot Throttle to lift a heavy load, the Foot Throttle Reference quickly supersedes the DW Speed Reference. The Foot Throttle Reference goes to Zero when the Driller removes pressure from the Foot Throttle.
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As a result, the DW Speed Reference is enabled, and the motor speed and torque return to cathead values. MANUAL OPERATION During testing, it would often be convenient if it were possible to phase up the SCR bridge without applying power to the motor. A Manual Operation circuit makes this feasible. When the MANUAL VOLTS switch (S1) is set to the ON position, the -14 VDC CONT Power Supply to the ASSIGNMENT CONTACTOR logic is disconnected and the MANUAL VOLTAGE rheostat is connected into the regulator circuit. The bridge can now be phased up by rotating the MANUAL VOLTAGE rheostat knob clockwise. Power is not applied to the traction motors since the ASSIGNMENT CONTACTORS remain open. These circuits generate firing pulses for the SCR bridge (refer to Figure 3-14). CURRENT FEEDBACK This is an analog of motor torque (torque is directly proportional to the armature current). SPEED REFERENCE This signal originates in the Control Console in command (Mud Pump or Drillers). These consoles are equipped with handwheels which the operator rotates to control the traction motor speed. Each handwheel is linked to a rheostat which outputs a Zero to -8 VDC Speed Reference signal for Zero (zero speed) to 8 VDC (maximum speed). The regulator may receive the Speed Reference signal from more than one location.
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3-23 SCR FIRING CIRCUITS These circuits generate firing pulses for the SCR bridge (refer to Figure 3-14). There are six identical firing circuits, one for each SCR. The Firing Pulse waveform actually consists of two pulses, a main pulse followed by a backup pulse. The backup pulse is essential for refiring the SCR at low DC output when current is not continuous. The time difference between the main and backup pulses is constant. The main pulse is synchronized with one of the six phase signals from the AC bus (VAB, VBC, etc.) and Firing Reference from the DC Regulator. The backup pulse is synchronized with a main pulse signal from one of the remaining firing circuits. SPEED FEEDBACK This is an analog of the motor speed. Its range is zero (no feedback) to +5 VDC (maximum feedback) at 1,000 RPM. In a shunt motor, the speed is directly proportional to the armature voltage. Therefore, the differential voltage feedback signals (VBR+) - (VBR-) are simply compared to Op Amp Z701 to derive the single level 'N' (refer to Figure 3-10). In a series motor, speed is a function of the armature voltage divided by the magnetic flux. The flux, in turn, is a function of the armature current. N (the symbol for speed inconventional motor speed equations) for a series motor is obtained by dividing the Voltage Feedback signal by the shaped Current Feedback signal in Z703. CONTACTOR INTERLOCK There are several Contactor Interlock circuits (i.e., Drawworks, Mud Pump, etc.). Each is completely separate. When all the interlocks on a particular Contactor
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

Interlock circuit is closed, the selected function (i.e., Drawworks, Mus Pump, etc.) will be able to run. ZERO THROTTLE INTERLOCK This circuit protects the SCR bridge and the traction motor from unintended starts. It disables the Firing Reference if the CONT signal switches to -14 VDC while the corresponding Speed Reference is also great (negative). Thus, the Driller must set the throttle to ZERO before switching the assignment. CURRENT LIMIT This signal prevents the Speed Reference signal from demanding excess current. It is simply a negative current flow produced by applying -10 VDC across a selected resistor. To lower the Current Limit, the negative current flow is decreased by selecting a resistor with higher value. If the current limit desired is 1,000 Amps, the resistor selected will be 390 K. SPEED LIMIT This signal prevents the Speed Reference from demanding excess speed. It is particularly useful for series motors. In shunt motors, an adequate field current prevents overspeeding. POWER LIMIT This signal prevents the Current Command from demanding excessive power, and thus overloading the engines. It is effective at about 90% to 95% of the engine-generator capacity on line. In other assemblies, the Power Limit signal is derived by processing the KVA Feedback and KW Feedback from all generators connected to the Main AC Bus.

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3-24 SCR OPERATION An SCR conducts (turns on) when two conditions are satisfied: When it is forward biased. Its Gate terminal is FIRED with a current pulse. This pulse is just that, a pulse - it is not a constant voltage which remains applied to the Gate terminal. THREE-PHASE DIODE BRIDGE RECTIFIER Before discussing a three-phase diode bridge rectifier, let us review several simple one-phase rectifiers. The most basic is a single-phase half-wave rectifier (refer to Figure 3-15). This consists of a diode mounted in-line with a one phase AC input. The output is a pulsating DC voltage that varies between zero and maximum voltage. The diode conducts for 180. For 180 (when the diode is not conducting), the output will be zero. During the other 180, the output will rise from zero to maximum and then back to zero. A single-phase diode full-wave rectifier bridge (refer to Figure 3-15) has four diodes. Each of the AC input lines has two diodes connected to it. Each of these diodes is connected to a different DC output line. The diodes turn on and off automatically as the bias changes. This process is called commutation.

If the Gate terminal is fired as soon as the SCR is forward biased, the SCR is working just like an ordinary diode. The SCR Gate terminal firing is delayed to vary the DC output. In this SCR firing circuit: The six-phase Reference will indicate when the SCR is forward biased. The Firing Reference will indicate when the SCR should be fired to achieve the desired DC output level.

A. SINGLE-PHASE HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER

B. SINGLE-PHASE FULL-WAVE RECTIFIER BRIDGE

20601-41 Rev. A

Figure 3-15. Single-Phase Half-Wave Rectifier and Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier

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3-25 The left-most part of Figure 3-16 shows a three-phase diode bridge rectifier and several input waveforms. Compare the circuit of the singlephase full-wave bridge rectifier to the three-phase bridge rectifier. The only major difference is the addition of the two diodes for the C phase and the C phase winding. If these are disregarded and the A and B phase voltages are summed, the two rectifier bridges are (for all intents and purposes) the same. In a three-phase diode bridge rectifier, things get a little more interesting. Even though the diode is capable of conducting for 180, it will only do so for 120. This is because the diode connected to a second AC phase becomes more positively biased than the diode connected to the first phase. At this time, the diode connected to the first phase stops conducting and the diode connected to second phase starts conducting. This process happens on both output voltage legs of the rectifier. The only difference is that the events on the two output voltage legs occur 60 apart. Look at the top waveforms (VA, VB, and VC). Anytime VA is +VAC, the A+ diode may conduct. Anytime VA is -VAC, the A- diode may conduct. However, the diode will not conduct until 60 after it can start conducting because a diode connected to another phase has a larger potential voltage. Once the + diode starts conducting, it will be paired with a - diode on the output DC voltage leg for 60. At that point, a - diode on another phase will start conducting and the first - diode will stop. VL will thus be the output of diodes A+ and Bfor 60, then diodes A+ and C- for 60, then diodes B+ and C- for 60, etc. Note that each diode conducts for 120. The six-diode bridge waveform shows the commutation process through a single 60 Hz three-phase cycle. The 360 cycle is divided into vertically-divided 30 sections (refer to waveform A in Figure 3-16). Observe that between 30 to 150, the A+ diode is more positively biased than either B+ or C+ and is therefore conducting. Similarly, the C- diode is more negatively biased than either A- or B- during 90 to 210 and is therefore conducting. Each diode conducts for 120 and is turned off for 240. Table 3-4 gives the commutation sequence. Table 3-4. Diode Commutation DEGREES
30 90 150 210 270 330

TURNS ON
A+ CB+ AC+ B-

TURNS OFF
C+ BA+ CB+ A-

SCR RECTIFIER BRIDGE Figure 3-16 also shows a three-phase sixSCR rectifier bridge. In an SCR rectifier bridge, commutation does not occur automatically. It must be forced through firing pulses. Observe that SCR A+ is forward biased between 30 and 150. All the SCRs are forward biased for current flow during 120 of each AC cycle. The SCR can be fired (conduction started) anytime during this 120 period. This 120 period is defined as the range of the firing angle ().

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3-26 SCR RECTIFIER BRIDGE (CONCLUDED)

DIODE BRIDGE

A. DIODE BRIDGE

SCR BRIDGE

B. SCR WAVEFORMS

C. SCR WAVEFORMS

D. SCR WAVEFORMS

= 0

= 60

= 90
20601-42 Rev. A

Figure 3-16. SCR Bridge Operation Waveforms

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3-27 When = 0 (waveform B in Figure 3-16), the SCRs are fired as soon as they are forward biased. The SCR bridge output is maximum. In this case, the SCR bridge is functioning just like a Diode Bridge. This gives maximum average VDC (we can call it our reference VDC or 1). If is 60 (waveform C in Figure 3-16), the SCRs are not fired until 60 after they are forward biased. In this case, the average VDC is 0.5. If is 90 (waveform D in Figure 3-16), the SCRs are not fired until 90 after they are forward biased. In this case, the average VDC is Zero. SPROCKET SLIP CIRCUIT This circuit provides overspeed protection for two series motors that are driven in parallel from a single SCR bridge. Such an arrangement is normally used for Mud Pumps. If either one of the motors exceeds a preset speed limit, due to a malfunction in the chain or belt drive, the circuit cuts off power to both motors by tripping the ASSIGNMENT CONTACTORS and turning on the front panel SPROCKET SLIP LIGHT. In the system, overspeed protection for shunt motors is achieved through a FIELD LOSS RELAY. A shunt motor cannot overspeed unless the motor field is low. The FIELD LOSS RELAY monitors the field current. It opens to trip the assignment contactors of the motor if the current is <50% of the motor rated value. Overspeed protection for series motors is normally provided through the OVERSPEED CIRCUIT in the DC Control Module. In an overspeeding series motor, voltage is high and current is low. The OVERSPEED CIRCUIT works for all configurations of series motors except where two motors are driven in parallel from a single SCR bridge (refer to Figure 3-17). Suppose MP1A breaks its chain drive. The unloaded motor will overspeed. It will draw full voltage, but little current. Most of the current will flow into MP1B. The OVERSPEED CIRCUIT will not detect the overspeed because the Current Feedback signal indicates the total current drawn by the two motors. The SPROCKET SLIP circuit measures the DC current drawn by each motor through Hall Effect Devices (HED) and compares them to the voltage to detect overspeed. Figure 3-18 is the installation diagram of the HEDs. HED1, mounted on the -DC cable, measures current to the MP1A motor. HED2, mounted on the +DC cable, measures current to the MP1B motor. Refer to Figure 3-18, the Sprocket Slip circuit. Differential voltage signals from HED1 and HED2 are compared on Op Amps Z1 and Z2 to obtain I1A, and I1B respectively. The currents are auctioneered via D1 and D10 to select the current with the lower value. Since the motors have equal armature voltage, the motor with the lower current has the higher speed. The motor with the lower current is slipping (not doing work). The motor with the higher current is actually driving the sprocket.

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3-28 SPROCKET SLIP CIRCUIT (CONCLUDED) The lower-current signal is summed in Op Amp Z4 against the voltage-feedback current from Op Amp Z3. The output of Z46 switches Q1 off and deenergizes relay K1. The Voltage/Current ratio at which Z4 deenergizes K1 is set by selecting the ratio of R33 and R34. The normally-open contacts of K1 are mounted in the assignment logic of both mud pump motors. These contacts of K1 open to trip the main assignment contactors, thereby cutting off power to the motors. When K1 deenergizes the K1 contacts connected between Pins 16 and 19, and between Pins 17 and 18 opens. These contacts are in the Mud Pump Contactor lines (refer to the Mud Pump Contactor schematic in your drawing package). The normally-closed contact of K1 closes to turn on the front panel SPROCKET SLIP LIGHT. The SPROCKET SLIP LIGHT can be switched off by pushing the adjacent RESET pushbutton. Depressing the RESET pushbutton disconnects +20 VDC, thus allowing the coil of K1 to reenergize.

20601-43 Rev. A

Figure 3-17. A Typical Mud Pump Drive System

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3-29

20601-38 Rev. A

Figure 3-18. Sprocket Slip Circuit

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3-30

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
This is composed of two tables and one figure:

Table 3-5. Table 3-6.

SCR Unit Troubleshooting DC Control Module Troubleshooting Figure 3-19. DC Control Module Pinout

Table 3-5. SCR Unit Troubleshooting PROBLEM / INDICATION

SCR CIRCUIT BREAKER TRIPS A. Emergency Stop. All SCR Breakers Trip. B. SCR/Fuse Failure A. Driller may have pressed the EMERGENCY STOP pushbutton on the Driller's Console. To resume operation, close the circuit breakers. B. If an SCR fails, some fuses are also blown. 1. 2. 3. C. Overcurrent Trip D. SCR Overtemperature Check fuse trip indicators. Test SCRs whose fuses are blown. Replace all blown fuses and defective SCRs.

EXPLANATION / ACTION

C. Close the circuit breaker to resume operation. D. The Overtemperature switches will reset after temperature of the SCR junction drops below 165 F (74C) on older units/190 F (88C) on newer units. 1. 2. Allow the SCR junctions to cool, then close the circuit breaker to resume operation. Ensure SCR blowers are running. If not, check fuses and blower motor red RESET pushbutton.

E. Field Loss

E. If the motors are shunt-type, ensure that field current is 50 amps.

SCR BRIDGE INOPERATIVE A. Zero Throttle Interlock A. Check ZERO THROTTLE LED on DC Control Module. To resume operation, set THROTTLE at the Control Console in command (Mud Pump or Drillers) to ZERO before assignment. B. Check for Speed Reference signal from the Control Console in command (Mud Pump or Drillers) at the DC Control Module. C. Check for -14 VDC motor CONT signal at the DC Control Module. If it is absent, trace the control signal. See the explanation of Contactor Control Logic found earlier in this section for information. D. Check SCR firing pulses. 1. 2. If the pulses are absent, check the DC Control Module power. If the pulses are present, replace the DC Control Module.

B. Throttle Signal Not Reaching The DC Control Module C. Contactor Logic Defective

D. DC Control Module Defective

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3-31 Table 3-5. SCR Unit Troubleshooting (Concluded) PROBLEM / INDICATION

MOTOR SPEED REGULATE DOES NOT A. Check the DC Control Module VBR+ (pin 101), V and SCR Amps (pin 131) signals.
BR-

EXPLANATION / ACTION
(pin 102),

A. No feedback signals to the DC Control Module. B. In case of mud pump slaving, the Slave Signal may be absent. C. Defective DC Regulator INSUFFICIENT POWER - DW, MP A. Only one motor is running

B. Check the DC Control Module Slave inputs (pin 133 or 136). C. Replace the DC Control Module. A. Check the ammeters of the SCR units driving the two Mud Pump or Drawworks motors (each SCR is driving one pump or motor). One of the ammeter readings may be low. This indicates that only one motor is running (the SCR with the higher ammeter reading is driving the running motor).

MOTOR RUNS HOT AND NOISY (SOUNDS AS IF BEARINGS ARE BAD) A. SCR misfiring, or not firing. A. Check current feedback waveshape.

Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting PROBLEM / INDICATION

POWER SUPPLY AC VOLTAGES A. One or more SCRs not firing. A. Measure the voltage at DC Control Module Pins 103 through 108. It should be 14 VAC. If the 14 VAC is missing at any of the pins, the 14 VDC supply voltages will be low. As a result, one or more of the SCRs may not fire. Check the fuses, connections, and verify the ground connections. A. Measure the voltage at each of the following DC Control Module Pins for the indicated voltage. If any are absent, check the fuses and connections. Pin 153: Pin 154: Pin 155: BRIDGE VOLTAGE FEEDBACK SIGNAL (VBR+ AND VBR-) A. System not operating normally. A. Measure the voltage between Pins 101 and 102 of the DC Control Module. It should be +46.8 VDC when the bridge voltage is +750 VDC. For Series Motors, Pin 101 is +. For Shunt Motors, Pin 101 is -. This voltage must be present for normal operation. If it is absent, check the Voltage Feedback Card, calibration, and connections. +14(1) VDC. -14 (1) VDC. Zero VDC (Ground).

EXPLANATION / ACTION

POWER SUPPLY DC VOLTAGES A. One or more of the DC voltages are missing.

CURRENT (IFDBCK)

FEEDBACK

SIGNAL A. Check for presence of IFDBCK at Pin 131 of the DC Control Module. It should be +2.66 VDC when bridge current is 1,000 Amps. SCR UNIT

A. Motors overspeed/overtorque and SCR fuses may blow.

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3-32 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE (CONTINUED) Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting (Continued) PROBLEM / INDICATION
HAND THROTTLE REFERENCE A. Hand Throttle does not work. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 117 (DW) of the DC Control module while moving the Hand Throttle from one limit to the other. The voltage should vary from Zero VDC (ZERO throttle) to -8 VDC (MAXIMUM throttle). A. Monitor the voltages at Pin 110 (CP REF 2) and Pin 113 (CP REF 1) of the DC Control Module while moving the Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at each Pin should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage at either pin is absent, trace the signal from the Cement Pump HAND THROTTLE rheostat. B. Monitor the voltage at Pin 112 (CP CONT) of the DC Control Module. The voltage should be +10 VDC when the SCR Circuit Breaker is open. In normal running, it will be -14 VDC when the Cement Pump Contactor closes. This signal will only be present on the SCR Units driving the Cement Pump. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 114 (DW FT TH) of the DC Control Module while moving the FOOT THROTTLE from stop to stop. The voltage at the Pin should vary between Zero (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage is absent, trace the signal to the FOOT THROTTLE rheostat. B. Monitor the voltage at Pin 116 (DW CONT) of the DC Control Module. The voltage should be +10 VDC when the SCR Circuit Breaker is open. In normal running, it will be -14 VDC when the Drawworks Contactor closes. This signal will only be present on the SCR Units driving the Drawworks. C. Monitor the voltage at Pin 117 (DW SPD REF) of the DC Control Module while moving the Drawworks Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at the Pin should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage is absent, trace the signal from the Drawworks HAND THROTTLE rheostat. The Propulsion Control Console ASSIGNMENT SWITCH must be set to DRILLING (if applicable). This signal will only be present on the SCR Units driving the Drawworks. DRILLERS CONSOLE A. Contactor Signal is missing. A. When SCR Circuit Breaker is closed, and DW is selected on the Drillers Console, the signal on Pin 116 (DW) of the DC Control Module should be -14 VDC. B. With the SCR Bridge on, measure the voltage across Pins 101 (VBR+) and 102 (VBR-) of the DC Control Module. The voltage across the Pins should be 1/16 of the voltage on the SCR Bridge. When the SCR Bridge is +750 VDC, the voltage between Pins 101 and 102 should be +46.8 VDC. Polarity of Pin 101 is + for series motors, for shunt motors. Absence of the voltage will cause this problem. SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

EXPLANATION / ACTION

CEMENT PUMP CONSOLE A. Hand Throttle Reference signal missing.

B. Cement Pump Contactor Signal missing.

DRAWWORKS A. Foot Throttle Reference Signal used to drive Drawworks is missing. B. Drawworks Contactor Signal not present.

C. Drawworks Speed Signal not present.

Reference

B. Hand Throttle On Drillers Console is extremely sensitive.

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3-33 Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting (Continued) PROBLEM / INDICATION

C. Mud Pumps not pumping.

EXPLANATION / ACTION
C. Monitor the Mud Pump Contactor Signal voltage at Pin 121 (MP2 CONT) and Pin 124 (MP1 CONT) of the DC Control Module. The voltage on each pin should be +10 VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open, -14 VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker closed and the MP ASSIGNMENT CONTACTORS in this SCR Unit closed. This voltage must be present to drive the Mud Pumps. The MP1 CONT and MP2 CONT signals are only present on SCR Units which are driving Mud Pumps. The rigs Mud Pump 2 may be driven from the DC Control Module MP1 inputs. The Drillers Console MP1/2 labels will match the rigs MP1/2 labels.

D. Mud Pump #1 Hand Throttle Reference Signal not present.

D. Monitor the voltage at Pin 125 (MP1 REF DC) and Pin 126 (MP1 REF MPC) of the DC Control Module while moving the Drillers Console Mud Pump #1 Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at each of the pins should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage at either of the pins is absent, trace the signal to the MP rheostat on the Drillers Console. The Propulsion Console ASSIGNMENT SWITCH must be set to DRILLING (if applicable).

E. Mud Pump #2 Hand Throttle Reference Signal not present

E. Monitor the voltage at Pin 122 (MP2 REF DC) and Pin 123 (MP2 REF MPC) of the DC Control Module while moving the Drillers Console Propulsion Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at each of the pins should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage at either of the pins is absent, trace the signal to the MP rheostat on the Drillers Console. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 118 (P REF ERC) of the DC Control Module while moving the Engine Room Console Propulsion Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at the Pin should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage is absent, trace the signal to the PROPULSION HAND THROTTLE rheostat on the Engine Room Console. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 119 (P REF WHC) of the DC Control Module while moving the Wheel House Console Propulsion Hand Throttle from stop to stop. The voltage at the Pin should vary between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) and -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If the voltage is absent, trace the signal to the PROPULSION HAND THROTTLE rheostat on the Wheel House Console.

ENGINE ROOM CONSOLE A. Propulsion Hand Throttle Speed Reference Signal not present.

WHEEL HOUSE CONSOLE A. Propulsion Hand Throttle Speed Reference Signal not present.

ONE OR MORE OF THE SCRS NOT FIRING A. One or more of the six phase voltage signals are missing. A. Check for the presence of a phase voltage signal at Pins 103 (VCA), 104 (VCB), 105 (VAB), 106 (VBA), 107 (VBC), and 108 (VAC) of the DC Control Module. If absent or low, check the fuses and ground connections.

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3-34 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE (CONTINUED) Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting (Continued) PROBLEM / INDICATION
DC POWER LIMIT A. DC Power Limit not working. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 115 (DC PWR LIM) of the DC Control Module. The voltage should be -4 VDC for the system generators when under no load, Zero VDC when the generators are at full load. If voltage is missing or incorrect, troubleshoot the Power Limit Card located in the Generator 1 Cubicle. NOT A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 120 (P CONT) of the DC Control Module. The voltage should be +10 VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open, -14 VDC with SCR Circuit Breaker closed. This voltage must be present to drive propulsion thrusters. The P CONT signal is only present on the SCR Units driving thrusters. DYNAMIC BRAKE A. Dynamic Brake Logic Signal DB FIELD missing. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 127 (DB FIELD) of the DC Control Module. The voltage should be Zero VAC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open, 120 VAC during the braking cycle with the SCR Circuit Breaker closed. The DB FIELD signal is only present on SCR Units which are driving the Drawworks. B. Dynamic Brake Logic Signal DC CONT missing. C. Dynamic Brake Logic Signal DB missing. ROTARY TABLE A. Rotary Table CURRENT LIMIT SIGNAL missing. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 128 (RT I LIM) of the DC Control Module while varying the Drillers Console CURRENT LIMIT rheostat. It should be between Zero VDC (50 AMPS) to -8 VDC (MAXIMUM CURRENT LIMIT). If the voltage is absent, trace the signal to the CURRENT LIMIT rheostat. B. Monitor the voltage at Pin 129 (RT CONT) of the DC Control module. It should be +14 VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open OR the SCR Circuit Breaker closed and the DC Contactors open. In normal operation, the voltage will be -14 VDC when the Rotary Table Contactors open. RT CONT will only be present in SCR Units which are driving the Rotary Table. C. Rotary Table HAND THROTTLE reference from Drillers Console missing. D. Monitor the voltage at Pin 130 (RT REF) and Pin 132 (RT REF 2) of the DC Control Module while varying the Drillers Console Hand Throttle. It should be between Zero VDC (MINIMUM) to -8 VDC (MAXIMUM). If either/both voltages are absent, trace the signal to the ROTARY TABLE rheostat. B. Monitor the voltage at Pin 135 (DB CONT) of the DC Control Module. When braking, the voltage should be 120 VAC in SCR units assigned to Drawworks. C. Monitor the voltage at Pin 138 (DB) of the DC Control Module. The voltage should be 120 VAC in SCR units assigned to Drawworks.

EXPLANATION / ACTION

PROPULSION DRIVING

THRUSTERS

A. Propulsion Contactor Signal not present.

B. Rotary Table SIGNAL missing.

CONTACTOR

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3-35 Table 3-6. DC Control Module Troubleshooting (Concluded) PROBLEM / INDICATION

SCR BRIDGE CT ARMATURE CURRENT FEEDBACK A. Motor speed control not possible. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 131 (I FDBCK) of the DC Control Module. It should be Zero VDC with the SCR Circuit Breaker open OR the SCR Circuit Breaker closed and the DC Contactors open. In normal operation, the voltage will be +2.66 VDC per 1,000 Amps out of the bridge. If this signal is missing, motor speed control is not possible. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 133 (MP1 SLV) or Pin 136 (MP2 SLV) of the DC Control Module with SCR Circuit Breaker open OR SCR Circuit Breaker closed and DC Contactors open, the voltage at the pin will be Zero VDC (floating). In normal operation, the voltage at the pin will be 5.1 VDC per 1,000 ADC. If voltage at the pin is not present, verify requirement, check connections, and check jumpers. A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 134 (CONT PS) of the DC Control Module. If the MANUAL SWITCH of the DC Control Module is engaged, the voltage will be +14 to +60 VDC.
SPARE - NOT USED. DO NOT USE. SPARE - NOT USED. SPARE - NOT USED.

EXPLANATION / ACTION

MUD PUMP A. The two Mud Pumps are not load sharing.

ASSIGNMENT CONTACTOR A. Assignment Contactor Control Signal missing. Logic

PIN 109 OF THE DC CONTROL MODULE PIN 137 OF THE DC CONTROL MODULE PIN 151 OF THE DC CONTROL MODULE PIN 152 OF THE DC CONTROL MODULE

DC POWER SUPPLY A. DC Power missing. Supply voltage(s) A. Monitor the voltage at Pin 153 (+14 VDC) and Pin 154 (-14 VDC) of the DC Control Module. If either or both voltages are missing, check fuses F1, F2, and F3. The normal procedure in connecting the Oscilloscope is to connect the Oscilloscope GROUND lead to the CATH pin of the DC Control Module and the Oscilloscope PROBE lead to the GATE pin of the DC Control Module. A. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 139 (A+ GATE) and Pin 140 (A+ CATH). B. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 141 (A- GATE) and Pin 142 (A- CATH). C. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 143 (B+ GATE) and Pin 144 (B+ CATH). D. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 145 (B- GATE) and Pin 146 (C- CATH). E. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 147 (C+ GATE) and Pin 148 (C+ CATH). F. Monitor the firing pulse signal at Pin 149 (C- GATE) and Pin 150 (C- CATH). For normal running, consult Figure 3-14 (DC Regulator Circuit). SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL SCR UNIT

SCR FIRING PULSES

A. A+ SCR Firing Pulse. B. A- SCR Firing Pulse. C. B+ SCR Firing Pulse. D. B- SCR Firing Pulse. E. C+ SCR Firing Pulse. F. C- SCR Firing Pulse.

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3-36 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE (CONCLUDED)

FOR SERIES MOTORS FOR SHUNT MOTORS

156 155 154 153 152 151 150 149 148 147 146 145 144 143 142 141 140 139

DO NOT USE GND - 14V(A) +14V(A) SHUNT AUX REF 1 C - CATH C - GATE C+ CATH C+ GATE B - CATH B - GATE B+ CATH B+ GATE A - CATH A - GATE A+ CATH A+ GATE

VBR VRB VCA VCB VAB VBA VBC VAC DWB CONT CP REF 2 PROP DB CP CONT CP REF 1 DW FT TH PWR LMT DWA CONT DW SPD REF P REF ERC

101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118

138 137 136 135 134 133 132 131 130 129 128 127 126 125 124 123 122 121 120 119

DB DO NOT USE SLV 2 DB CONT CNT -14 SLV 1 RT REF 2 SCR AMPS RT REF 1 RT CONT RT CL DB FIELD MP1 REF MPC MP1 REF DC MP1 CONT MP2 REF MPC MP2 REF DC MP2 CONT PROP CONT P REF WHC

20601-44 Rev. B

Figure 3-19. DC Control Module Pinout

SCR UNIT
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3-37

REMOVAL AND REPAIR

DOUBLE ACCESS (1200, 1500)
See Figure 3-20 for a overall front view of the assemblies in the SCR cubicle.

FS-066-12

Figure 3-20. Typical Model 1200 or 1500 Generator/SCR Cubicle - Double Access

SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

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3-38 DOUBLE ACCESS (CONCLUDED) SCR CELL While performing this procedure, refer to Figures 3-20 and 3-21. To remove an SCR cell, simply disconnect the incoming wires to the terminal board on the components plate, and remove the bus stubs from the bus bars. Each stub is attached to the bus bar with two 3/8 Inch bolts. The trigger fuse lead on the spare SCR cell is left unhooked. If it is to be a + cell (located at the front of the cubicle), connect the lead to the left stub, which is attached to the +DC bus bar. If it is to be a - cell (located at the rear of the cubicle), connect lead to the right stub, which is attached to the -DC bus bar (the wire should always be attached to the SCR cell bus bar that supports the fuse). SCR REPLACEMENT To replace an SCR, perform the following procedure. SCR REMOVAL AND REASSEMBLY PROCEDURE FOR FRONT AND REAR ACCESS, HORIZONTAL BRIDGE 1. Trip the SCR Circuit Breaker before touching any part of the SCR Enclosure.
10 12 8 7 2 5

(1200,

1500)

10

11

3 4

1 6

7 11

13

9 14

Item 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Description Pulse Transformer 1 F Capacitor Fuse Microswitch TB1 TB2 Heat Sink 25, 55W Resistor Clamp Bus Stub GEN Stub SCR Overtemperature Switch Pressure Gauge
FS-008-21

Figure 3-21. SCR Cell Mechanical View Double Access

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3-39

FS-021-30

FS-021-25

2. Tools needed: screwdriver, 7/16" box end wrench, socket wrench handle and extension, 3/8" socket, and " socket.

5. Disconnect wires leading into enclosure at the terminal board.

the

FS-021-19

FS-021-35

3. Discharge the capacitor by short circuiting the terminals with screwdriver.

6. Remove the SCR enclosure loosening the attaching bolts.

by

FS-021-17

FS-022-05

4. Replace the trigger fuse if its plunger has tripped the microswitch.
SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

7. Remove the fuse assembly, necessary, using a hex wrench.

if

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3-40 SCR REMOVAL AND REASSEMBLY PROCEDURE FOR FRONT AND REAR ACCESS, HORIZONTAL BRIDGE (CONTINUED)

FS-022-36

10. Loosen the two 3/8" bolt clamp and lift out the SCR.

FS-022-17

8. Remove the 1/4 bolts at the back of the enclosure and disconnect the Gate (G) and Cathode (K) leads. Once these things have been accomplished, extract the Gate (G) and Cathode (K) leads through the hole in the Glastic box.

FS-023-19

11. Separate the heatsink connections and lift out the SCR.

FS-022-35

9. Disconnect the capacitor and trigger fuse leads and lift out the Glastic box.

FS-025-14

12. Replace the SCR and reassemble in reverse order. Braid the SCR leads.

SCR UNIT
20605-49 Rev. M

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3-41

FS-023-22

FS-022-05

13. Tighten both clamp bolts equally until the gauge reads recommended value.

16. Replace the fuse assembly using a hex wrench.

FS-022-35

FS-021-35

14. Reinstall the Glastic box and connect the capacitor and trigger fuse leads.

17. Replace the SCR enclosure and tighten the attaching bolts.

FS-022-17

FS-021-25

15. Insert the leads through the Glastic box hole and reinstall the 1/4" bolts.

18. Connect the wires leading into the enclosure at the terminal board.

SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

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3-42 SCR REMOVAL AND REASSEMBLY PROCEDURE FOR FRONT AND REAR ACCESS, HORIZONTAL BRIDGE (CONCLUDED)

REMOVAL & REPAIR

FRONT ACCESS (1400)
See Figure 3-22 for a front view of the assemblies in the SCR cubicle. SCR BRIDGE CELL See Figure 3-23 for a mechanical layout drawing of the SCR Bridge Cell. SCR REPLACEMENT To replace an SCR, refer to the following removal/assembly procedure.

FS-021-30

19. Account for all your tools before closing the SCR Circuit Breaker

FS-059-05

Figure 3-22. SCR Cubicle - Front Access (1400), Vertical Bridge

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3-43
Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Description AC Bus Bar Fuse Fuse Trip Indicator Pressure Gauge SCR 25 , 55 W Resistor DC Bus Bar Overtemperature Switch 1 f Capacitor Pulse Transformer Heatsink

10197-32 Rev. A

Figure 3-23. Layout of Front Access Vertical Bridge Model 1400 SCR Cubicle SCR REMOVAL AND REASSEMBLY PROCEDURE FOR FRONT ACCESS, VERTICAL MODEL 1400 SCR BRIDGE 1. Trip the SCR Circuit Breaker before touching any part of the SCR enclosure.

FS-044-08

3. Remove fuse assembly to access SCR assembly. Unfasten Trip Indicator leads.

FS-025-22

2. Tools needed: screwdriver, 7/16" boxend wrench, and " combination wrench.

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3-44 SCR REMOVAL AND REASSEMBLY PROCEDURE FOR FRONT ACCESS, VERTICAL MODEL 1400 SCR BRIDGE (CONTINUED)

FS-024-30

6. Pull out the clip lead which connects the resistor to the heatsink.

FS-025-14

4. Place paper under the enclosure to catch any nuts or washers.

FS-024-28

7. Using the 7/16" box-end wrench, disconnect the bus from the heatsink.

FS-044-10

5. Disconnect the Gate (G) and Cathode (K) leads and pull through the stuffing tube.

FS-024-33

8. Use the " wrench to remove the heatsink bolts clamping the SCR.

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3-45

FS-024-36

FS-025-09

9. Carefully slide out the front heatsink and SCR assembly.

12. Tighten the SCR clamping bolts until the pressure gauge reads 2,500 lb.

FS-025-06

FS-024-28

10. Lift out the defective SCR and put in new one. Braid the SCR leads.

13. Using the 7/16" box-end wrench, reconnect the bus to the heatsink.

FS-024-36

FS-024-30

11. Carefully slide reinstall the front heatsink and SCR assembly.

14. Reconnect the clip lead which connects the resistor to the heatsink.

SCR DRIVE SYSTEM TECHNICAL MANUAL

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3-46 SCR REMOVAL AND REASSEMBLY PROCEDURE FOR FRONT ACCESS, VERTICAL MODEL 1400 SCR BRIDGE (CONCLUDED)

FS-044-08

17. Fasten the Trip Indicator leads and replace the fuse assembly.

FS-044-10

15. Pull the SCR leads through the stuffing tube and reconnect them.

FS-025-22

18. Count your tools before closing the SCR Circuit Breaker.

FS-025-14

16. Remove the paper placed under the enclosure.

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