Simple, Compound and Complex Sentence Notes

Review: Simple Sentences

y Has __________independent clause and no subordinating clauses y Independent clauses: Stand by themselves y Remember: a complete sentence has a subject, a verb (predicate), and expresses a complete thought Simple Sentence Examples: y Suzie ran to school yesterday morning. y I cooked a pizza for dinner. y WATCH OUT FOR _______________ VERBS! Does not mean compound sentence y Example: Kim and Maureen read each others short stories and made many suggestions for improvements.

Review: Compound Sentences

y Contains 2 or more ________________ clauses and no subordinate clause (dependent clause) y Independent clauses are joined by a comma and a coordinating ________________ or a semi-colon ( y Coordinating Conjunction: FANBOYS y For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so Compound Examples: y Independent Clauses are underlined, coordinating conjunction or semi-colon bolded 1. Melvin wrote about his mothers aunt, and Leroy wrote about his cousin from Jamaica. 2. Kathryns scene is the last act of the play, so she must wait in the wings for her cue. 3. No one was injured in the fire, but several homes were destroyed, and many trees burned down. 4. They studied for the test; it was easy for them. )

Complex Sentence
y Contains one independent ______________ and _____ ________ one subordinate clause y Subordinate clause: y Also called dependent clause y Does not express a ___________ thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence y May appear in beginning, middle, or at the end of a sentence y 2 types of subordinating clauses: ________________ and _____________

Subordinate Clauses y Adverb clauses usually begin with a comma and subordinating conjunction y Common Subordinating Conjunctions: AAAWWUBBIS y ___________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ y Adjective clauses begin with a relative ______________ y Who, whom, whose, which, and that Complex Sentence Examples: 1. Patricia Roberts Harris, who served as President Carters secretary of housing and urban development, was the first African American woman to be a Cabinet member. (adjective clause) 2. When I hear classical music, I think of Aunt Sofia. (adverb clause) 3. One interesting event that is held in the Southwest is the Inter-Tribal Indian Ceremonial, which involves many different American Indian peoples. (two adjective clauses) Practice: Underline the Subordinate Clause in the Following Sentence and Circle the relative pronoun or subordinating conjunction 1. Helen Keller, who is shown in the photograph at the top, became very ill as a small child. 2. After she recovered from the illness, she could no longer see or hear. 3. Because she could not hear, she also lost her ability to speak. 4. Helen Keller, who overcame severe physical impairments, showed great determination. 5. Keller was fortunate because she had such a skillful loving teacher. Important Key Points to Remember: y Simple Sentences: y One complete thought/one independent clause y Compound Sentences: y Two complete thoughts (independent clauses), combined by either a semi-colon or a comma and conjunction: FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) y Complex Sentences: y One independent clause and one dependent/subordinate clause combined by either a relative pronoun (who, whom, which, and that) or a subordinating conjunction: AAAWWUBBIS (Although, after, as, when, while, until, because, before, if, since)

Practice Classifying Sentences y Decide if the sentences below are Simple, Compound, or Complex. Circle the conjunction or relative pronoun. Underline independent clauses once; subordinate clauses twice. 1. I drew an illustration of a poem that was written by Robert Hayden. 2. The Olympic skaters felt anxious, but they still performed their routine perfectly. 3. Kamehameha Day is an American holiday that honors the king who united the islands of Hawaii. 4. For the first time in his life, Luke saw the ocean. 5. If you had a choice, would you rather visit China or Japan? 6. The bull was donated to the childrens zoo by the people who bought it at the auction. 7. Lookout Mountain, which is in Tennessee, was the site of a battle during the Civil War. 8. The guide led us through Mammoth Cave; she explained the difference between stalactites and stalagmites. 9. Wilhelm Steinitz of Austria became famous after he was officially recognized as the first world champion of chess. 10. Amy Tan is the author of the book The Joy Luck Club

Review Common Prepositions:

Commonly Used Prepositions Aboard Above About Across After Against Along Among Around As At Before Behind Below Beneath Beside Between Beyond By Down During Except For From In In front of Inside Instead Into Like Near Next to Of Off On Out Out of Over Past Since Through Throughout Till To Toward Under Underneath Unlike Until Up Up to Upon with Within without