ISO Tolerance Part 1

INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
IS0 286-l
First edition 1988-09-H
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION MEXAYHAPOAHAR OPrAHM3A~MR IlO CTAHAAPTM3AlJMM
IS0 system
of limits
and fits
Part 1: Bases of tolerances,

Systhme IS0 de tokrances
deviations
-
and fits
et d ajustements
Partie 1: Base des tokrances,
&arts et ajustements
Reference number
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Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the IS0 Council. They are approved in accordance with IS0 procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting, This part of IS0 286 has been prepared by ISO/TC 3, Limits and fits, and, together with IS0 286-2, completes the revision of ISO/R 286, /SO system of limits and fits. ISO/R 266 was first published in 1962 and subsequently confirmed in November 1964; it was based on ISA Bulletin 25 first published in 1940. The major changes incorporated in this part of IS0 266 are as follows :
a1 The presentation of the information has been modified so that IS0 286 can be used directly in both the design office and the workshop. This has been achieved by separating the material dealing with the bases of the system, and the calculated values of standard tolerances and fundamental deviations, from the tables giving specific limits of the most commonly used tolerances and deviations. b) The new symbols js and JS replace the former symbols j, and Js (i.e. s and S are no longer placed as subscripts) to facilitate the use of the symbols on equipment with limited character sets, e.g. computer graphics. The letters s and S stand for symmetrical deviation. c) Standard tolerances and fundamental deviations have been included for basic sizes from 566 to 3 156 mm as standard requirements (these were previously included on an experimental basis only). d) Two additional standard tolerance grades, IT17 and IT18, have been included.
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e) Standard tolerance grades IT01 and IT0 have been deleted from the main body of this part of IS0 286, although information on these grades is given in annex A for users who may have a requirement for such grades. f) Inch values have been deleted. and symbols have been aligned with those required
g) The principles, terminology by contemporary technology.
Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision from time to time and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its latest edition, unless otherwise stated.
International Organization for Standardization,
1999 0
Printed in Switzerland
ii
IS0
286-l
: 1988 {El
Contents
Introduction ........................................................
Page
Scope ............................................................. Field of application ..................................................
References ......................................................... Terms and definitions. ............................................... deviations 6 9 10

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Symbols, designation and interpretation of tolerances, and fits ............................................................ 6 7 8 9 IO Graphical representation Reference temperature, ............................................. .............................................. 150 mm..
Standardtolerancesforbasicsizesupto3 Fundamental Bibliography.
.....................
10 10 16
deviations for basic sizes up to 3 150 mm ................... .......................................................
Annexes A B C Bases of the IS0 system of limits and fits ............................... Examples of the use of IS0 286-l ...................................... Equivalent terms ...................................................
17 23 24
... Ill
INTERNATIONAL
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STANDARD
IS0 266-l : 1966 (E)
IS0 system Part I :
of limits and fits deviations and fits
Bases of tolerances,
Introduction
Field of application
of
The need for limits and fits for machined workpieces was brought about mainly by the inherent inaccuracy of manufacturing methods, coupled with the fact that exactness of size was found to be unnecessary for most workpieces. In order that function could be satisfied, it was found sufficient to manufacture a given workpiece so that its size lay within two permissible limits, i.e. a tolerance, this being the variation in size acceptable in manufacture. Similarly, where a specific fit condition is required between mating workpieces, it is necessary to ascribe an allowance, either positive or negative, to the basic size to achieve the required clearance or interference, i.e. a deviation. With developments in industry and international trade, it became necessary to develop formal systems of limits and fits, firstly at the industrial level, then at the national level and later at the international level. This International Standard therefore gives the internationally accepted system of limits and fits. Annexes A and B give the basic formulae and rules necessary for establishing the system, and examples in the use of the standard are to be regarded as an integral part of the standard. Annex C gives a list of equivalent terms used in IS0 286 and other International Standards on tolerances.
The IS0 system of limits and fits provides a system tolerances and deviations suitable for plain workpieces.
For simplicity and also because of the importance of cylindrical workpieces of circular section, only these are referred to explicitly. It should be clearly understood, however, that the tolerances and deviations given in this International Standard equally apply to workpieces of other than circular section. In particular, the general term hole or shaft can be taken as referring to the space contained by (or containing) the two parallel faces (or tangent planes) of any workpiece, such as the width of a slot or the thickness of a key. The system also provides for fits between mating cylindrical features or fits between workpieces having features with parallel faces, such as the fit between a key and keyway, etc.
NOTE - It should be noted that the system is not intended to provide fits for workpieces with features having other than simple geometric forms. For the purposes of this part of IS0 286, a simple geometric form consists of a cylindrical surface area or two parallel planes.
References
See also clause 10.
NOTE -
IS0 1, Standard measurements.
reference
temperature
for industrial
length
Scope
This part of IS0 286 gives the bases of the IS0 system of limits and fits together with the calculated values of the standard tolerances and fundamental deviations. These values shall be taken as authoritative for the application of the system (see also clause A. I). This part of IS0 286 also gives terms and definitions together with associated symbols.
IS0 286-2, IS0 system of limits and fits - Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts. ISOIR 1938, IS0 system of limits and fits - Inspection of plain workpieces. 1) IS0 8615, Technical principle. drawings Fundamental tolerancing
1)
At present under revision.
1
Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Licensee=Politecnico Milano/5935522004 Not for Resale, 05/21/2008 06:43:27 MDT
IS0
286-l
: 1988 (E)
Terms
and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. It should be noted, however, that some of the terms are defined in a more restricted sense than in common usage.
4.5 zero line : In a graphical representation of limits and fits, the straight line, representing the basic size, to which the deviations and tolerances are referred (see figure 1). According to convention, the zero line is drawn horizontally, with positive deviations shown above and negative deviations below (see figure 2).
4.1
shaft: A term used, according to convention, to describe an external feature of a workpiece, including features which are not cylindrical (see also clause 2).
4.1.1 basic shaft: Shaft chosen as a basis for a shaft-basis system of fits (see also 4.11,1). For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a shaft the upper deviation of which is zero.
4.2
hole : A term used, according to convention, to describe an internal feature of a workpiece, including features which are not cylindrical (see also clause 2).
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4.2.1 basic hole: Hole chosen as a basis for a hole-basis system of fits (see also 4.11.2). For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a hole the lower deviation of which is zero.
4.3
size: A number expressing, in a particular numerical value of a linear dimension.
unit, the
Figure 1 -
Basic size, and maximum limits of size
and minimum
4.3.1 basic size; nominal size: The size from which the limits of size are derived by the application of the upper and lower deviations (see figure 1).
NOTE - The basic size can be a whole number or a decimal number, e.g. 32; 15; 8,75; 0,5; etc.
4.6 deviation: The algebraic difference between a size (actual size, limit of size, etc.) and the corresponding basic size.
NOTE - Symbols for shaft deviations are lower case letters (es, ei) and symbols for hole deviations are upper case letters L!CS, EI) (see figure 2).
4.3.2 actual measurement.
size:
The
size of a feature,
obtained
by
4.6.1
limit deviations
: Upper deviation and lower deviation.
4.3.2.1 actual local size: Any individual distance at any cross-section of a feature, i.e. any size measured between any two opposite points. 4.3.3 limits of size: The two extreme permissible sizes of a feature, between which the actual size should lie, the limits of size being included, 4.3.3.1 maximum limit of size: size of a feature (see figure 1). The greatest permissible
4.6.1.1 upper deviation (ES, es): The algebraic difference between the maximum limit of size and the corresponding basic size (see figure 2). 4.6.1.2 lower deviation (EZ, ei): The algebraic difference between the minimum limit of size and the corresponding basic size (see figure 2). 4.6.2 fundamental deviation : For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, that deviation which defines the position of the tolerance zone in relation to the zero line (see figure 2).
NOTE - This may be either the upper or lower deviation, but, according to convention, the fundamental deviation is the one nearest the zero line.
4.3.3,2 minimum limit of size : The smallest permissible size of a feature (see figure 1). 4.4 limit system deviations. : A system of standardized tolerances and
4.7 size tolerance: The difference between the maximum limit of size and the minimum limit of size, i.e. the difference between the upper deviation and the lower deviation.
NOTE - The tolerance is an absolute value without sign.
IS0 266-l
: 1966 (E)
Lower deviation (,!?I, ei) (4.6.1.2) Clearance (4.8) Tolerance zone (4.7.3)
r
Figure 3 Figure 2 Conventional tolerance representation zone of a
Clearance
4.7.1 standard tolerance (IT) : For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, any tolerance belonging to this system. NOTE - The letters of the symbol IT stand for international Tolerance grade. 4.7.2 standard tolerance grades: For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a group of tolerances (e.g. IT7), considered as corresponding to the same level of accuracy for all basic sizes. 4.7.3 tolerance zone: In a graphical representation of tolerances, the zone, contained between two lines representing the maximum and minimum limits of size, defined by the magnitude of the tolerance and its position relative to the zero line (see figure 2). 4.7.4 tolerance class: The term used for a combination of fundamental deviation and a tolerance grade, e.g. h9, D13, etc. 4.7.5 standard tolerance factor (i, II the IS0 system of limits and fits, a factor the basic size, and which is used as a nation of the standard tolerances of the NOTES 1 The standard tolerance factor i is applied to basic sizes less than or equal to 500 mm. 2 The standard tolerance factor lis applied to basic sizes greater than 600 mm. : For the purposes of which is a function of basis for the determisystem.
4.8.1 minimum clearance: In a clearance fit, the positive difference between the minimum limit of size of the hole and the maximum limit of size of the shaft (see figure 4). 4.8.2 maximum clearance: In a clearance or transition fit, the positive difference between the maximum limit of size of the hole and the minimum limit of size of the shaft (see figures 4 and 5).
4.9
interference : The negative difference between the sizes of the hole and the shaft, before assembly, when the diameter of the shaft is larger than the diameter of the hole (see figure 6). 4.9.1 minimum interference: In an interference fit, the negative difference, before assembly, between the maximum limit of size of the hole and the minimum limit of size of the shaft (see figure 7).
4.8
clearance : The positive difference between the sizes of the hole and the shaft, before assembly, when the diameter of the shaft is smaller than the diameter of the hole (see figure 3).
Figure 4 -
Clearance
fit
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3
IS0 286-l
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: 1988 (I3
Maximum clearance
(4.8.2)
Maximum interference -
Minimum interference
interference (4.9.2)
Figure 7 -
Interference
fit
Figure 5 - Transition
fit
4.10.1 clearance fit: A fit that always provides a clearance between the hole and shaft when assembled, i.e. the minimum size of the hole is either greater than or, in the extreme case, equal to the maximum size of the shaft (see figure 8).
Interference (4.9)
HI-III? Hole
line
Shaft
Figure 6 -
Schematic
representation
of clearance
fits
4.10.2
interference
between
fit : A fit which everywhere provides an

the hole and shaft when assembled, i.e.
interference
Figure 6 -
Interference
the maximum size of the hole is either smaller than or, in the extreme case, equal to the minimum size of the shaft (see figure 9).
Shaft
4.9.2 maximum interference: In an interference or transition fit, the negative difference, before assembly, between the minimum limit of size of the hole and the maximum limit of size of the shaft (see figures 5 and 7).
Shaft
4.10
fit: The relationship resulting from the difference, before assembly, between the sizes of the two features (the hole and the shaft) which are to be assembled. NOTE - The two mating parts of a fit have a common basic size. Figure 9 -
WA Hole Hole
Zero line
Schematic
representation
of interference
fits
IS0 286-l
:I988
(E)
4.10.3 transition fit: A fit which may provide either a clearance or an interference between the hole and shaft when assembled, depending on the actual sizes of the hole and shaft, i.e. the tolerance zones of the hole and the shaft overlap completely or in part (see figure 10).
4.11.2 hole-basis system of fits: A system of fits in which the required clearances or interferences are obtained by associating shafts of various tolerance classes with holes of a single tolerance class. For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a system of fits in which the minimum limit of size of the hole is identical to the basic size, i.e. the lower deviation is zero (see figure 12).
Zero line
Figure 10 - Schematic
representation
of transition
fits
4.10.4 variation of a fit: The arithmetic sum tolerances of the two features comprising the fit.
of the
NOTE - The variation of a fit is an absolute value without sign. 4.11 fit system: A system of fits comprising holes belonging to a limit system. shafts and
4.11.1 shaft-basis system of fits: A system of fits in which the required clearances or interferences are obtained by associating holes of various tolerance classes with shafts of a single tolerance class. For the purposes of the IS0 system of limits and fits, a system of fits in which the maximum limit of size of the shaft is identical to the basic size, i.e. the upper deviation is zero (see figure 11).
Basic size (4.3.1)
NOTES 1 The horizontal continuous ations for holes or shafts. lines represent the fundamental devi-
2 The dashed lines represent the other limits and show the possibility of different combinations between holes and shafts, related to their grade of tolerance (e.g. H6/h6, H6/js5, H6/p4).
Figure 12 -
Hole-basis
system
of fits
4.12 maximum material limit (MML): The designation applied to that of the two limits of size which corresponds to the maximum material size for the feature, i.e.
- the maximum feature (shaft),

Shaft h
(upper) limit of size for an external
the minimum (lower) limit of size for an internal feature (hole).

NOTE L-Basic size (4.3.1) Previously called GO limit.
NOTES 1 The horizontal continuous ations for holes or shafts. lines represent the fundamental devi-
4.13 least material limit (LMLI : The designation applied to that of the two limits of size which corresponds to the minimum material size for the feature, i.e.
- the minimum (lower) limit of size for an external feature (shaft), - the maximum (upper) limit of size for an internal feature (hole).
NOTE Previously called NOT GO limit.
2 The dashed lines represent the other limits and show the possibility of different combinations between holes and shafts, related to their grade of tolerance (e.g. G7/h4, H6/h4, M5/h4).
Figure 11 - Shaft-basis
system
of fits
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5
IS0
286-l
: 1988 (E)
5 Symbols, of tolerances, 5.1

51.1
designation deviations
and and
interpretation fits
Examples : 32H7 8Qjs15 10Og6 100 12% ATTENTION - In order to distinguish between holes and shafts when transmitting information on equipment with limited character sets, such as telex, the designation shall be prefixed by the following letters : H or h for holes; S or s for shafts.
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Symbols
Standard tolerance grades
The standard tolerance grades are designated by the letters IT followed by a number, e.g. IT7. When the tolerance grade is associated with (a) letter(s) representing a fundamental deviation to form a tolerance class, the letters IT are omitted, e.g. h7. NOTE - The IS0 system provides for a total of 20 standard tolerance grades of which grades IT1 to IT18 are in general use and are given in
the main body of the standard. Grades IT0 and ITOl, which are not in general use, are given in annex A for information purposes.
Examp /es : 56H5 becomes H56H5 or h5Oh5 56h6 becomes S56H6 or s5Oh6
5.1.2 5.1.2.1
Deviations Position of tolerance zone This method drawings. 5.2.3 Fit between of designation shall not be used
on
The position of the tolerance zone with respect to the zero line, which is a function of the basic size, is designated by (an) upper case letter(s) for holes (A . . . ZCI or (a) lower case letter(s) for shafts (a . , . zc) (see figures 13 and 141. NOTE - To avoid confusion,
I, i; L, I; 0,o; the following letters are not used:
A fit requirement by a) b) c)
mating features shall be designated
the common the tolerance the tolerance
basic size; class symbol for the hole; class symbol for the shaft.
Q, q; W, w.
5.1.2,2
Upper deviations by the letters ES for 52H7/g6 or 52 z
The upper deviations are designated holes and the letters es for shafts. 5.1.2.3 Lower deviations
The lower deviations are designated holes and the letters ei for shafts.
by the letters EZ for
ATTENTION - In order to distinguish between the hole and the shaft when transmitting information on equipment with limited character sets, such as telex, the designation shall be prefixed by the following letters : H or h for holes; S or s for shafts; and the basic size repeated.
5.2 5.2.1
Designation Tolerance class
A tolerance class shall be designated by the letter(s) representing the fundamental deviation followed by the number representing the standard tolerance grade. Examples : l-t7 (holes) h7 (shafts) 5.2.2 Toleranced size
Examples : 52H7/g6 becomes H52H7lS52G6 of designation or h52h7ls52g6 shall not be used on
This method drawings.
5.3 5.3.1
Interpretation Tolerance
of a toleranced indication in accordance
size with IS0 5615
A toleranced size shall be designated by the basic size followed by the designation of the required tolerance class, or the explicit deviations.
The tolerances for workpieces manufactured to drawings marked with the notation, Tolerancing IS0 8015, shall be interpreted as indicated in 5.3.1.1 and 5.3.1.2.
IS0 286-I : 1983 (E)
a)
Holes (internal featurt?s)
b)
Shafts (external features)
NOTES 1 2 According to convention, the fundamental fundamental deviation for J/j, is the one defining K/k, M/m the nearest limit to the zero line.
For details concerning
deviations
and N/n, see figure 14.
Figure
13 -
Schematic
representation
of the positions
of fundamental
deviations
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IS0 266-l
: 1966 (E)
5.3.1.1
Linear size tolerances
Graphical
representation
A linear size tolerance controls only the actual local sizes (twopoint measurements) of a feature, but not its form deviations (for example circularity and straightness deviations of a cylindrical feature or flatness deviations of parallel surfaces). There is no control of the geometrical interrelationship of individual features by the size tolerances. (For further information, see ISO/R 1936 and IS0 6615.) 5.3.1.2 Envelope requirement
The major terms and definitions given in clause 4 are illustrated in figure 15. In practice, a schematic diagram such as that shown in figure 16 is used for simplicity. In this diagram, the axis of the workpiece, which is not shown in the figure, according to convention always lies below the diagram. In the example illustrated, the two deviations of the hole are positive and those of the shaft are negative.
Single features, whether a cylinder, or established by two parallel planes, having the function of a fit between mating parts, are indicated on the drawing by the symbol @ in addition to the dimension and tolerance. This indicates a mutual dependence of size and form which requires that the envelope of perfect form for the feature at maximum material size shall not be violated, (For further information, see ISO/R 1936 and IS0 8015.1
NOTE - Some national standards (which should be referred to on the drawing) specify that the envelope requirement for single features is the norm and therefore this is not indicated separately on the drawing.
Upper deviation (4.6.1 .l) Lower deviation (4.6.1.2) -
5.3.2 Tolerance IS0 6015
indication
not in accordance
with
The tolerances for workpieces manufactured to drawings which do not have the notation, Tolerancing IS0 8015, shall be interpreted in the following ways within the stipulated length : a) For holes
The diameter of the largest perfect imaginary cylinder, which can be inscribed within the hole so that it just contacts the highest points of the surface, should not be smaller than the maximum material limit of size. The maximum diameter at any position in the hole shall not exceed the least material limit of size. b) For shafts
Minimum limit of size (4.3.3.21 Maximum limit of size (4.3.3.1)

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Basic size (4.3.1)
The diameter of the smallest perfect imaginary cylinder, which can be circumscribed about the shaft so that it just contacts the highest points of the surface, should not be larger than the maximum material limit of size. The minimum diameter at any position on the shaft shall be not less than the least material limit of size. The interpretations given in a) and b) mean that if a workpiece is everywhere at its maximum material limit, that workpiece should be perfectly round and straight, i.e. a perfect cylinder. Unless otherwise specified, and subject to the above requirements, departures from a perfect cylinder may reach the full value of the diameter tolerance specified. For further information, see ISO/R 1936.
NOTE - In special cases, the maximum form deviations permitted by the interpretations given in a) and b) may be too large to allow satisfactory functioning of the assembled parts: in such cases, separate tolerances should be given for the form, e.g. separate tolerances on circularity and/or straightness (see IS0 1101).
Figure 15 -
Graphical
representation
Hole
Figure 16 - Simplified
schematic
diagram
9
IS0 286-l
:I988
(El
Reference
temperature
9.2
Fundamental
deviations
for holes
[except deviation JS (see 9.311 The temperature at which the dimensions of the IS0 system of limits and fits are specified is 20 C (see IS0 I). The fundamental deviations for holes and their respective sign ( + or - 1 are shown in figure 18. Values for the fundamental deviations are given in table 3. The upper deviation (ES) and lower deviation (EZ) are established from the fundamental deviation and the standard tolerance grade (IT) as shown in figure 18.
8 Standard 3150mm 8.1
tolerances
for basic
sizes
up to
Basis of the system

Deviations A to H Deviations K to ZC (not valid for tolerance grades less than or equal to IT8 of deviation K and tolerance class M8)
The bases for calculating the standard tolerances are given in annex A.
8.2
Values of standard
tolerance
grades (IT)
Values of standard tolerance grades IT1 to IT18 inclusive are given in table 1. These values are to be taken as authoritative for the application of the system. NOTE - Values for standard tolerance grades IT0 and IT01 are given in annex A.
h Y
Zero line
9 Fundamental to3150mm 9.1 Fundamental
deviations
for basic
sizes
up
EI = positive (+I fundamental deviation ES = EI + IT
ES = negative ( - 1 fundamental deviation EI = ES - IT Deviations for holes

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deviations
for shafts
Figure 16 -
[except deviation js (see 9.311 The fundamental deviations for shafts and their respective sign (+ or - ) are shown in figure 17. Values for the fundamental deviations are given in table 2. The upper deviation (es) and lower deviation (ei) are established from the fundamental deviation and the standard tolerance grade (IT) as shown in figure 17.
9.3
Fundamental
deviations
js and JS
(see figure 19) The information given in 9.1 and 9.2 does not apply to fundamental deviations js and JS, which are a symmetrical distribution of the standard tolerance grade about the zero line, i.e. for js:
Deviations a to h
Deviations k to zc
L
and for JS :
Zeroline 4
es = negative ( -1 fundamental deviation ei = es - IT
ei = positive ( + 1 funda-
I I
mental deviation
es = ei + IT
I j
Hole
LIT 2
Figure 19 Deviations js and JS
Figure 17 -
Deviations
for shafts
10
IS0 286-I
: 1988 (EI
9.4
Fundamental
deviations
j and J
distributions
The information of the standard
given in 9.1 to 9.3 does not apply to fundamental deviations j and J, which are, for the most part, asymmetrical tolerance grade about the zero line (see IS0 286-2, tables 8 and 24).
Table 1 - Numerical
values of standard
tolerance
Standard
grades IT for basic sizes up to 3 160 mm )

tolerance grades IT173)j ITl83)
Basic size mm up to and in-
I IT121 IT221 IT321 IT421 1 IT521 1 IT6 IT7
IT8
IT9 1 IT10 1 IT11 1 IT12 1 IT13 1 IT143)I IT153q ITI63) Tolerances
Above
400 !a0 630 6302) 6002) 9 10 11 13 16 18 22 25 32 36 44 50 70 60 110 125 175 200 260 320 440 500 0,7 0,8 9 I,1 1.25 1,4 1.75 2 2,3 2,8 3.2 3,6 4,4 5 5,6 7 8 9 11 12,5 14
1) 2) 3)
Values for standard tolerance grades IT01 and IT0 for basic sizes less than or equal to 500 m m are given in annex A, table 5. Values for standard tolerance grades IT1 to IT5 (incl.) for basic sizes over 506 m m are included for experimental use. Standard tolerance grades IT14 to IT18 6ncl.J shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to 1 mm.
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IS0 266-l
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Table
2 -
Numerical
values
of the
Fundamental Basic size mm Upper deviation All standard at) 270 bl) -140
C
es grades ;;I IT71 IT8 1
-IAbove -
tolerance
up to and including 3 )
cd -34 -
d 20
-60
-321
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I-161
60 =I=
100
120 250 260 I 1
-10
0 0
100
120 140
-12
-14
-15 280 315
-17
-1
!m 560
630 710 800 9cQ lOOil I
1-210
-1251
I-621
560
630 710 800 900 1000 1 120 1 250 1400 16cCl 1600 2WO 2 240 2506
I I I I
-290
I
I
I
I
I
I I
I -3m
!
im
I I
l-3=
-1951
I-961
1250 1400 1600 1600 2066 2240
-220 1
-110
-120 -130 -145
1
-32 -34 0 0 0
l-40
-460
-240 -260 -290
I
1) 2)
1 -520
Fundamental deviations a and b shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to 1 mm.
-1
-38
For tolerance classes js7 to jsll, if the IT value number, n, is an odd number, this may be rounded to the even number immediately below, so that the ITtl resulting deviations, i.e. f , can be expressed in whole micrometres. 2
12
IS0 266-l
: 1966 (E)
fundamental
deviations
of shafts Fundamental deviation values in micrometres
deviation IT4
values Lower deviation Up to IT3 (incl.) and above IT7 k ei All standard n + + 4 8 + P 6 + 12 + 16 + 18 r
S
I77
T
m t +2 +4 +6 +7 +8 +9 +11 +13 + 10 + 12 + 15 + 17 + 20 + 23 + 26 + 32 + 37 + 63
tolerance
V
grades
X V Z
za
zb
zc
0I
+I +I +I +2 +2 +2 +3
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
701+81l+971+
I 1141+
1441+1721+2101+ 170 106 1 + 130 1 + 140 + 146 1 + 180 196 + +
254
525
I +202 I +246 I+ 300I+

1+ 3
+
+3
+15
+ 27 1 + 66 I+ 210 1 +262 1 +310 258 +310 +385
+4
+17
+ 31
+ 60
+ 60 1 + + 64 +
-I- 470 1+
740 1 +
264 1 +340 1 +425
520 1 +
-l-4 +4 +5 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+20 +21 +23 +26 +30 +34 +40 +46
+34 + 37 + 40 +44 + 50 +66 +643 + 78 + 62 +110 +135 +120 +140 +I70 +195 +250 +260 +300 +330 +370 +400 4-440 +460 + + + + + + 620 660 640 720 620 920 + + + 780 640 960 +I160 +I300 +1450 +1690 +2000 +2300 +2500 +29cxl +3200
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
+ 62 _+6&l
+106 +114 +I26 +I32
+ + +
190 232 252
t+ + +
269 294 33
+ + +
390 435
+475 +530
S-590 +660
+ 1+
730
900
+1150 I+l.100 . +I450 +I600
+1 5m I+1900 1 +I650 +I650 +2100 1 +2100 +2400 +2600
-I- 208
-I- 620
+lOQO
36-O +
490 I +595 I +740 640 +660 t620
920 1 +I 100 +lOOO i-1250
OI
0
+I050 +1200 +I350 +I500 +1650 +1900 +2100
0 0 0
+66 +66 +76
+1650
I
0 0
+I000 -f-1100 +I250 +I400
~
+240
l-
+550
+660
13
IS0
286-l
: 1988 (E)
Table I I Basic size Lower deviation All standard tolerance
3 -
Numerical
values
of the
Fundamental
deviation
EI
grades f=G t4 t6 t8 -
F EF r-10 t 6 3 6 10 14 16 24 30 40 60 86 60
t14 ~18 + 10
G +2 +4 t5 t6 +7
H 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
JS2)
J
t4 -
+ 13
+ 16 +20
+2 -t5 t5 t6 +8
+10 +13 +16
+6
+10 t12 t15 +26
0
-1 +A -1 +A -1 +A
+6 t8
t10 t12 +14 t18
-2 - 4tA - 8+A - 7tA - 8tA -9+A

-11 +A
-2 -4 - 6 - 7 - 8 -9
-11 -13
-40
50
-, 2tA
-2+A -2+A -3tA
t + + + t 310 340 380 410 +170 +190 +220 t240 tm +130 +I40 t150 +170 +180 +14 t15 0 0 t18 t12
+ 320 +180 + 350 +200
+ 25 -
t9 +10
t24 t28 +34
65
80 100 120 140
+22
-13+A
460 +260
t200 +26 -3+A 1 l-15+41

-15 1
225 250 280

315 I
260 280
315 355
+ 820 +420 + 920 +4so

t1050 1 +1m +135O +540 -l-600 +680
+280 +m
+330 +360 +403
+190 +210 i-110 +125 + 62 t20 + 76 +22 0 0 ii8 0 t17 0
355
400
01
1
I
-28 I I I
I
-48 I
!
+24
-
0 0
t26
-
001
01
0 0
I-34 I
I-40
l-28 0
l-30 0
-
i-32 0
-
01 I 01
I-58 I
-88
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Above
II
IT6
IT7
IT6
t34
-
0 0
t3a
-
-76
I) 2)
Fundamental deviations A and B shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to 1 mm.
For tolerance classes JS7 to JSll, if the IT value number, n, is an odd number, this may be rounded to the even number immediately below, so that the ITn resulting deviations, i.e. f ?, can be expressed in whole micrometres.
3) For determining the values K, M and N for standard tolerance grades up to IT8 (inch) and deviations P to ZC for standard tolerance grades up to IT7 (incl.), take the A values from the columns on the right.
14
IS0 286-l
: 1988 (E)
fundamental
values
deviations
of holes
Fundamental deviation values in micrometres er deviation
UP
ES
Standard tolerance grades above IT7 2
-34 -40 -39 -45 20 28 I
Values for A
u/-z (incl.) P
-4 -4 0 0 0 6 12 15 18 22 -26 32 -
Standard tolerance grades ZA

26 35 42 !3J6032 42 52 64 JJ
R
10 15 19 -
S
14
T 19
23 28
lulvlxlYl
18
ZB
I ZC
IT: IT4 0 1 i1 1,E 1,: 2 2 -
T5 IT6i I T7
TI a s ? -
- 8+A -lO+A -12+A -15+A -17-!-A
4l46- a
23
28 33 41 48
b yi i-i I
2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 -
0
13 2 3 3 4 5 5
0
3 3
0 T 6 7 -
-23-29 -
9 12 14 16 19 23
35.
43--
-47
-55
I
-!3-64 -a-
63J5114
J388-
98
118
--
4 5 6 7
8 9 11 13 15 -
-34
60 I -68
54 -
JO -81
- 97
94-112-149 1 -.~ I - 136 -
180
-23+A
- 37 -
-27-!-A
-3l+A
5ml-
670
6201- 800 JKII900 3 J80-loo0 6801-1150 9601-1250 I-1 350 3 4 4 -
17 -
26 29 32 34 --``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
-10%
-34+A -37-14 -4O+A -44 -50 -56 -66

78
7 7 7
9
11 13
m 21 23 -
-68
-1261-132 -
232]252 310 -
3301360 450 -
490 540 660
-595 -660
-740
-820
920 -1100
-1250
-1450 -16M)
-1000
5 I
- 78 -68 -100
-150-260-400-603
-155
-175
-210
340 430 -
500 620 -
740
940
I
-185-380-560-940
-220
-250
I
-120
-140
I
470 520 640 580 I ~~~ -
680 -1050 760 -1150

950 840 -1m --- -I -1460
--I I I I I
-260 -300
-33Ol- I ~~~
72OI-1050~-l&M -~- I ---
- 92
-110
-136
- 170
I
-370
-440 -460 -550 -580
820 -1200
9201-1.250----- I -1500 -1650 -1900 -2100
-1850 -2@3J -7m ____ -2m -2900 -3200
-4al II---
-195 -240
-1cm -1lco -1250 -1400
3) (conch.) Examples:
K7 in the range 18 to 30 mm: A = 8 pm, therefore ES = -2 S6 in the range 18 to 30 mm: A = 4 pm, therefore ES = -35 4) 5) f 8 = +6 pm + 4 = -31 pm
$
Special cases : for tolerance class M6 in the range from 250 to 315 mm, ES = -9 pm (instead of - 11 urn). Fundamental deviation N for standard tolerance grades above IT8 shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to mm.
15
IS0
266-I
: 1966 (EI
10
Bibliography
IS0 1947, System of cone tolerances for conical workpieces from C = 1 : 3 to 1 : 500 and lengths from 6 to 630 mm. IS0 2692, Technical drawings Maximum material principle. Geometrical tolerancing -
The following International Standards on tolerancing and tolerance systems will be useful with regard to the application of this part of IS0 286: IS0 406, Technical ances - Indications drawings on drawings. Linear and angular toler-
IS0 1101, Technical drawings - Geometrical tolerancing Tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out Generalities, definitions, symbols, indications on drawings. IS0 1829, Selection of tolerance zones for general purposes.
IS0 271X-1, General tolerances for dimensions without tolerance indications - Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions. 1) IS0 5166, System of cone fits for cones from C = 1 : 3 to 1 : 500, lengths from 6 to 630 mm and diameters up to 600 mm.
1) At present at the stage of draft. (Revision, in part, of IS0 2769 : 1973.)
16
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
is0
286-l
: 1988 (E)
Annex Bases of the IS0 system

--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
A of limits and fits
(This annex forms an integral part of the standard.)
A.1
General
A.2
Basic
size steps
This annex gives the bases of the IS0 system of limits and fits. The data are given primarily so that values can be calculated for fundamental deviations, which may be required in very special circumstances and which are not given in the tables, and also so that a more complete understanding of the system is provided. It is once more emphasized that the tabulated values in either this part of IS0 286 or IS0 286-2, for standard tolerances and fundamental deviations, are definitive, and shall be used when applying the system.
For convenience, the standard tolerances and fundamental deviations are not calculated individually for each separate basic size, but for steps of the basic size as given in table 4. These steps are grouped into main steps and intermediate steps. The intermediate steps are only used in certain cases for calculating standard tolerances and fundamental deviations a to c and r to zc for shafts, and A to C and R to ZC for holes. The values of the standard tolerances and fundamental deviations for each basic size step are calculated from the
Table
4 -
Basic
size steps Values in millimetres b) Basic sizes above 500 m m up to 3 150 m m (incl.)
Values in millimetrc a) Basic sizes up to 500 m m (incl.1
No subdivision
I) 2)
These are used, in certain cases, for deviations a to c and r to zc or A to C and R to ZC (see tables 2 and 3). These are used for the deviations r to
u and R to U (see tables 2 and 3).
17
IS0 286-l
: 1988 (E)
geometrical
mean (D) of the extreme sizes (Dt and L&l of that
step, as follows :
A.3.2 Derivation of standard tolerances basic sizes up to and including 500 mm

A.3.2.1 Standard tolerance grades IT01 to IT4
(IT) for
For the first basic size step (less than or equal to 3 mm), the geometrical mean, D, according to convention, is taken between the sizes 1 and 3 mm, therefore D = 1,732 mm.
The values of standard tolerances in grades ITOI, IT0 and IT1 are calculated from the formulae given in table 6. It should be noted that no formulae are given for grades IT2, IT3 and IT4. The values for tolerances in these grades have been approximately scaled in geometrical progression between the values for IT1 and IT5.
A.3 A-3.1
Standard General
tolerance
grades
Table 6 - Formulae for standard tolerances in grades ITOI, IT0 and ITI for basic sizes up to and including 500 mm Values in micrometres
Formula Standard tolerance grade IT01 1) ITO ) IT1 for calculation
The IS0 system of limits and fits provides for tolerance grades designated ITOI, ITO, ITI, . . . size range from 0 up to 500 mm (incl.), and tolerance grades in the size range from 500 mm up (incl.1, designated IT1 to IT18.
20 standard , IT18 in the 18 standard to 3 150 mm
where D is the geometric mean of the basic size in millimetres

0.3 + 0,008D 0,5 + 0,OlW 0,8 + 0,020D
As stated in the Foreword, the IS0 system is derived from ISA Bulletin 25, which only covered basic sizes up to 500 mm, and was mainly based on practical experience in industry. The system was not developed from a coherent mathematical base, and hence there are discontinuities in the system and differing formulae for the deviation of IT grades up to 500 mm. The values for standard tolerances for basic sizes from 500 mm up to 3 150 mm (incl.) were subsequently developed for experimental purposes, and since they have proved acceptable to industry they are now given as a part of the IS0 system. It should be noted that values for standard tolerances in grades IT0 and IT01 are not given in the main body of the standard because they have little use in practice; however, values for these are given in table 5.
I)
See the Foreword and A.3.1.
A.3.2.2
Standard
tolerance
grades IT5 to IT18
The values for standard tolerances in grades IT5 to IT18 for basic sizes up to and including 500 mm are determined as a function of the standard tolerance factor, i. The standard tolerance factor, i, in micrometres, from the following formula : is calculated
i = 0,45 m
Table 5 Numerical values for standard in grades IT01 and IT0 tolerances
+ 0,OOlD
where D is the geometric mean of the basic size step in millimetres (see clause A-21. This formula was empirically derived, being based on various national practices and on the premise that, for the same manufacturing process, the relationship between the magnitude of the manufacturing errors and the basic size approximates a parabolic function. The values of the standard tolerances are calculated in terms of the standard tolerance factor, i, as shown in table 7. It should be noted that from IT6 upwards, the standard tolerances are multiplied by a factor of 10 at each fifth step. This rule applies to all standard tolerances and may be used to extrapolate values for IT grades above IT18.
Basic size
Standard tolerance
I IT01 grades I Tolerances urn IT0
Above
Up to and including
3 6 10 18 30 50 80 120 180 250 315 400 500
3 6 10 18 30 50 80 120 180 250 315 400
0,3 OS4 0,4 0,5
0,5
66 W3 023
1 1
33 W-3 W3
1
12
I,5 2 3 4 5 6
12
2 2,5 3 4
Example :
IT20 = IT15 x 10 = 640i x 10 = 6400i NOTE - The above rule applies except for IT6 in the basic size range from 3 to 6 mm (incl.).
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
18
IS0 286-l
: 1988 (El
Table 7 Basic size mm up to Above 5Qo

and in-
Formulae
for standard
tolerances
in grades IT1 to IT18
Standard tolerance grades

ITll) IT211 IT311 IT411 IT5 IT6 IT7 IT8 IT9 IT10 IT11 IT12 IT13 IT14 IT15 IT16 IT17 IT18
eluding 500
3150
Formulae for standard tolerances (Results in micrometres) 21
2.71
3,71
51
7i
71
1Oi 101
l6i
16r
25i
251
40i
4OI
64
641
1OOi 160i
1001 1602
250i
2501
4COi
4001
640i
1OOOi 16ooi
25GOi
6401 10001 16001 25031
1 I See A.3.2.1.
A.3.3 Derivation of standard tolerances UT1 for basic sizes from 500 mm up to and including 3 150 mm The values for standard tolerances in grades IT1 to IT18 are determined as a function of the standard tolerance factor, I. The standard tolerance factor, I, in micrometres, from the following formula : I = 0,004D + 2,l where D is the geometric mean of the basic size step in millimetres (see clause A.2). The values of the standard tolerances are calculated in terms of the standard tolerance factor, Z, as shown in table 7. It should be noted that from IT6 upwards, the standard tolerances are multiplied by a factor of 10 at each fifth step. This rule applies to all standard tolerances and may be used to extrapolate values for IT grades above IT18. Example : is calculated
Table 8 -
Rounding for IT values up to and including standard tolerance grade IT11 Roundinn values in micrometres
Basic size
Calculated values obtained from the formulae given in A.3.2 and A.3.3
Above 0 60
Up to and including
60 100 200 500 1000 2000 5000 10 000 20000 5oooo
Rounding 1 1 5 10 -
in multiples 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000
of
100
200 500 1000 2000 5Oao 1ocoo 20 000
NOTES
IT20 = IT15 x IO = 6491 x 10 = 64001 NOTES 1 The formulae for standard tolerances in grades IT1 to IT5 are given on a provisional basis only. (These did not appear in ISO/R 286 : 1352.) 2 Although the formulae for i and Zvary, continuity of progression is assured for the transition range. 1 For the small values in particular, it has sometimes been necessary to depart from these rules, and, in some instances, even from the application of the formulae given in A.3.2 and A.3.3 in order to ensure better scaling. Therefore the values given for the standard tolerances in tables 1 and 5, as appropriate, shall be used in preference to calculated values when applying the IS0 system. 2 Values for standard tolerances in grades IT1 to IT18 are given in table 1 and for IT0 and IT01 in table 5.
A.3.4 Rounding tolerances
of values
for standard
A.4
A.4.1
Derivation
Fundamental
of fundamental
deviations
deviations
for shafts
For each basic size step, the values obtained from the formulae given in A.3.2 and A.3.3, for standard tolerances in grades up to and including ITII, are rounded off in accordance with the rules given in table 8. The calculated values of standard tolerances in grades above IT1 1 do not require rounding off because they are derived from values of tolerance grades IT7 to IT1 1, which have already been rounded off.
The fundamental deviations for shafts are calculated from the formulae given in table 9. The fundamental deviation given by the formulae in table 9 is, in principle, that corresponding to the limits closest to the zero line, i.e. the upper deviation for shafts a to h and the lower deviation for shafts k to zc.
19
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
+!I%
3%JL
IS0 288-l
: 1988 (E)
Except for shafts j and js, for which, strictly speaking, there is no fundamental deviation, the value of the deviation is independent of the selected grade of tolerance (even if the formula includes a term involving ITnL
Hole-basis fit
Shaft-basis fit
A.4.2
Fundamental
deviations
for holes
(ei) + IT(n-I)= (ES) + ITn (ei)- ITn=(fS)- ITh-I)
The fundamental deviations for holes are calculated from the formulae given in table 9 and, therefore, the limit corresponding to the fundamental deviation for a hole is exactly symmetrical, in relation to the zero line, to the limit corresponding to the fundamental deviation for a shaft with the same letter. This rule applies to all fundamental following : deviations except for the
a) deviation N, for standard tolerance grades IT9 to IT16 in basic sizes above 3 mm up to 500 mm (incl.), for which the fundamental deviation is zero; b) shaft or hole basis fits, for basic sizes above 3 up to 600 mm (incl.), in which a hole of a given standard tolerance grade is associated with a shaft of the next finer grade (e.g. H7/p6 and P7/h6), and which are required to have exactly the same clearance or interferences, see figure 20. In these cases, the fundamental deviation, as calculated, is adjusted by algebraically adding the value of d as follows :
Figure 20 -
Diagrammatic representation given in A.4.2bl
of the rule
ES = ES (as calculated) + d
where d is the difference ITn - IT(n - 1) between the standard tolerance, for the basic size step in the given grade, and that in the next finer grade.
The fundamental deviation given by the formulae in table 9 is, in principle, that corresponding to the limits closest to the zero line, i.e. the lower deviation for holes A to H and the upper deviation for holes K to ZC. Except for holes J and JS, for which, strictly speaking, there is no fundamental deviation, the value of the deviation is independent of the selected grade of tolerance (even if the formula includes a term involving ITn).
Example :
For P7 in the basic size range from 18 up to 30 mm :
A = IT7 - IT6 = 21 - 13 = 8 pm
NOTE - The rule given in b) above is only applicable for basic sizes over 3 m m for fundamental deviations K, M and N in standard tolerance grades up to and including IT8, and deviations P to ZC in standard tolerance grades up to and including IT7.
A.4.3 Rounding deviations
of values for fundamental
For each basic size step, the values obtained from the formulae given in table 9 are rounded off in accordance with the rules given in table 10.
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
20
IS0 288-l
:I988
(El
Table 9 Basic size mm Above up to and including Fundamental deviation a b

C
Formulae
for fundamental
deviations
for shafts
and holes
Basic size mm Fundamental deviation A B Above 1 up to and inciuding 120
Shafts Sign (negative pos~~ve~ Designation
Formulael) where D is the geometric mean of the basic size in millimetres
Holes Designation Sign (negative pos%e)
1 120 1
160
0 40
120 500 160 500 40 500

IO
es
es
es
265 + I,30 3,5D = 140 + 0,850 = 1,8D 5200.2 95 + 0,8D

Geometric mean of the values for C, c and D, d
EI EZ EI EI EI EI
+
+
120
1
500
160
+ + + +
C
CD D E
160 0 40
0 0 0
500 40 500
10
cd d e
es es es
3 150
3150
1600.44 1 ID0141
3 150 3 150 I lo I
lo
ef
0 0
3 150 5003) 3 150
is
k
+ + No sinn
es ei ei
0,5 ITn
Ei
+ -
JS K4)
0 0
3 150 5005) 3 150
033G
Deviation = 0
500
ES
No sian
500
0 500 0
500 0 0
5cMl
3150
n P
+ +
ei
ei
50034 0,040 + 21
IT7 + 0 to 5
ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES ES
N4)
P4)
0 500
0
500 3 150
500
5ca 3 150 3 150

50
0,07W + 37,8
Geometric mean of the values for P, p and S, s IT8 + 1 to 4 IT7 + 0,4D IT7 + 0,630 1 IT7 + D 1 IT7 + 1,250 1 IT7 + 1,6D 1 IT7 + W 1 IT7 + 2,5D 1 IT8 + 3.150 IT9 + 40 IT10 + 50
500 0 0 50 24 0
14
3 150
3150
r
S
+ + +
+
ei ei ei ei
Fz4) s4)
T4)
50 24
0 1
3 150 3 156
3150 1
t
U
14 0
18
I 1
I
500 500 500 500 500 5cil
I 1 1 I
V X
V
+
t
ei ei ei ei ei ei ei
500 I
I
I
+
+
I
I
0
0 0
1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
za zb
ZC
+
+
1 1 1 1 t
1 1 I 1 1
1 1 1 I 1 1
u4)
V4)
1
1
50 3150 3150 3150
I
1
I
500
500
500
X4) 1 Y4) I 24) ZA4) 1 ZB 41 zc 41
0
18
0 0 0 0
1 I
500 5oa 5-00 500
Fundamental deviations (i.e. results from formulae) in micrometres. Values only given in tables 2 and 3. Formula only applies to grades IT4 to IT7 inclusively; fundamental deviation k for all other basic sizes and all other IT grades = 0. Special rule applies [see A.4.2bll. Formula only applies to grades up to IT8 inclusively; fundamental deviation K for all other basic sizes and all other IT grades = 0.
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
21
IS0 286-l
: 1688 (E)
Table
10 -
Rounding
for fundamental
deviations Rounding values in micrometres Basic size
Calculated values obtained from the formulae given in table 9 w Above 5 45 50 loo 200 300 5ocl 550 500 800 1000 2oOa . * . 20 x IOn 50 x 10 loo x 10 Up to and including 45 50 100 200 300 500 550 500 800 1000 2ooo 5Gvo * . * 50 x 10n loo x IOn 200 x 10n
up to 590 m m Encl.1 Fundamental
above 509 m m up to 3 150 m m Encl.1 deviations d to u D to U in multiules of 1 1 2 5 10 10 20 20 20 20 50 100 . . . 1 x 10 2 x 10 5 x 10
-I-
a to g A to G
k to zc KtoZC Rounding
1 2 5 5 10 10 10 20 20 20 50
1 1 1 2 2 5 5 5 IO 20 50 100
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
22
IS0 286-l
: 1888 (E)
Annex Examples
of the use of IS0 286-l
(This annex forms an integral part of the standard.)
B.l
General
6.3
Examples the limits of size for a shaft
This annex gives examples in the use of the IS0 system of limits and fits, in determining the limits for shafts and holes. The numerical values of the upper and lower deviations for the more generally used basic size steps, fundamental deviations and tolerance grades have been calculated and are tabulated in IS0 286-2. In special cases, not covered by IS0 286-2, the appropriate upper and lower deviations, and hence the limits of size, can be calculated from the data given in fables 1 to 3, and tables 4 to 6 in#annex A in this part of IS0 286.
B.3.1 Determining 0 4Ogll
Basic size step : 30 to 50 mm (from table 4) Standard tolerance = 160 pm (from table 1) Fundamental deviation = -9 pm (from table 2) Upper deviation = fundamental Lower deviation deviation = -9 pm
= fundamental deviation - tolerance = -9 - 169pm = - 169pm
Limits of size :
B.2
Review
of special
features
Maximum Minimum
= 40 - 0,009 = 39,991 mm = 40 - 0,169 = 39,831 mm
A summary of the features and factors which shall be taken into consideration when using this part of IS0 286 to derive upper and lower deviations for special cases is given below: shafts and holes a, A, b, B are provided only for basic sizes greater than 1 mm; shafts j8 are provided only for basic sizes less than or equal to 3 mm; holes K in tolerance grades above IT8 are provided only for basic sizes less than or equal to 3 mm; shafts and holes t, T, v, V and y, Y are only provided for basic sizes greater than 24 mm, 14 mm and 18 mm, respectively (for smaller basic sizes, the deviations are practically the same as those of the adjacent tolerance grades) ; tolerance grades IT14 to IT18 are only provided for basic sizes greater than 1 mm; holes N of tolerance grades above IT8 are only provided for basic sizes greater than 1 mm.
8.3.2
0 130N4
Determining
the limits
of size for a hole
Basic size step : 120 to 180 mm (from table 4) Standard tolerance = 12 pm (from table I) Fundamental deviation = -27 + d pm (from table 3)
Value of A = 4 pm (from table 3) Upper deviation = fundamental deviation = -27 + 4 = -23 pm Lower deviation = fundamental deviation - tolerance = -23 - 12 pm = -35 pm Limits of size: Maximum Minimum = 130 - 0,023 = 129,977 mm = 130 - 0,035 = 129,965 mm
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
23
IS0 296-l : 1998 (El
Annex Equivalent
C terms
(This annex does not form an integral part of the standard.)
C.l
General
Standards on tolerances).
This annex establishes a list of terms used in IS0 286 (and in other International
NOTE - In addition to terms used in the three official IS0 languages (English, French and Russian), the equivalent terms in German, Spanish, Italian, Swedish and Japanese are also given. These have been included at the request of Technical Committee ISO/TC 3 and are published under the responsibility of the member bodies for Germany, F.R. (DIN), Spain (AENOR), Italy RJNI), Sweden (SIS) and Japan (JISCL
C.2
Notes on presentation
order for the first language (i.e. English) only (for reference). etc. in which the term is defined (or the most
The numerals 01 to 90 give the alphabetical
The column Reference clause refers to the number of the clause, sub-clause, important place) in this part of IS0 286. The words given in parentheses
indicate that the part of the term placed between them may be omitted. Square brackets indicate that the word(s) placed between them may replace all or
Synonyms have been separated by a semi-colon. some of the preceding words. Short explanations
as regards the term have been presented in note form.
C.3
Recommendations
for the user

re-arrange the vocabulary alphabetically in their own languages and number them
It is recommended that the users, for convenience, accordingly on the left-hand side of the table,
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24
IS0 286-l : 1988 (EI
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ISO 286-l
: 1999 (El
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IS0 266-I
: 1666 (E)
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IS0 266-I
: 1666 (E)
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1s0 266-l
:I988
E)
I I
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
29
IS0 286-l
--``,````,``,,,`,``,`,,``,``,``,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
: 1988 (El
IS0
266-l
: 1666 (E)
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UDC
621.763.1/.2
: dimensional tolerances, fits, fundamental tolerances, definitions, symbols, designation, schematic representation, dimensions.
Descriptors
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ISO Tolerance Part 1

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INTERNATIONAL

Part 1: Bases of tolerances,

Partie 1: Base des tokrances,

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g) The principles, terminology by contemporary technology.

International Organization for Standardization,

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Scope ............................................................. Field of application ..................................................

References ......................................................... Terms and definitions. ............................................... deviations 6 9 10

Standardtolerancesforbasicsizesupto3 Fundamental Bibliography.

deviations for basic sizes up to 3 150 mm ................... .......................................................

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IS0 266-l : 1966 (E)

IS0 system Part I :

of limits and fits deviations and fits

IS0 1, Standard measurements.

At present under revision.

size: A number expressing, in a particular numerical value of a linear dimension.

Basic size, and maximum limits of size

4.3.2 actual measurement.

: Upper deviation and lower deviation.

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Figure 3 Figure 2 Conventional tolerance representation zone of a

fit : A fit which everywhere provides an

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Basic size (4.3.1)

- the maximum feature (shaft),

(upper) limit of size for an external

the minimum (lower) limit of size for an internal feature (hole).

5 Symbols, of tolerances, 5.1

mating features shall be designated

the common the tolerance the tolerance

Upper deviations by the letters ES for 52H7/g6 or 52 z

by the letters EZ for

Designation Tolerance class

Examples : 52H7/g6 becomes H52H7lS52G6 of designation or h52h7ls52g6 shall not be used on

This method drawings.

of a toleranced indication in accordance

size with IS0 5615

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IS0 286-I : 1983 (E)

Holes (internal featurt?s)

Shafts (external features)

For details concerning

and N/n, see figure 14.

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Linear size tolerances

Upper deviation (4.6.1 .l) Lower deviation (4.6.1.2) -

5.3.2 Tolerance IS0 6015

Minimum limit of size (4.3.3.21 Maximum limit of size (4.3.3.1)

Basic size (4.3.1)

8 Standard 3150mm 8.1

Basis of the system

9 Fundamental to3150mm 9.1 Fundamental

EI = positive (+I fundamental deviation ES = EI + IT

ES = negative ( - 1 fundamental deviation EI = ES - IT Deviations for holes

es = negative ( -1 fundamental deviation ei = es - IT

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The information of the standard

grades IT for basic sizes up to 3 160 mm )

Basic size mm up to and in-

I IT121 IT221 IT321 IT421 1 IT521 1 IT6 IT7