Test: GENETICS

Name: _______________________
Class: _______________________

Q1. Fig. 1.1 shows the chromosomes present in the nucleus of a human cell.

(a) Name the chemical contained within a chromosome that is responsible for
inheritance.
........................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) (i) Name the type of cell division that occurs only in the sex organs to produce
gametes.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) State how many chromosomes would be present in a gamete from this person.
........................................ [1]
Fig. 1.2 The figure shows the chromosomes present in the nucleus of a cell from a
different person.

(c) State the sex of this person and explain your answer.
sex...........................................

explanation......................................................................................................................
[2]
(d) Suggest a condition which the person whose chromosomes are shown in Fig. 1.2
has and explain your answer.
condition ...........................................
explanation........................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.
....[3]
(e) Suggest why offspring that are produced by crossing two different species are
usually infertile.
.............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................[2]
Q2. A cross between two true-breeding pea plants is shown below.
P
Tall Dwarf
F1
all Tall
(a) (i) Identify the dominant characteristic and give a reason for your answer.
Dominant
characteristic_________________________________________________________[1]
Reason_______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________[
1]
(ii) Some of the tall plants produced from the cross were bred with each other
to produce another generation of pea plants.
What symbol is used to identify this generation?
_________________[1]
(iii) The result of this final cross was that 240 tall plants were produced and
60 dwarf ones. What is the simple whole number ratio of tall to dwarf plants
in this cross?

_______:________
Tall
: Dwarf
[1]
(b) How many complete sets of chromosomes are found in a pollen grain
from a pea plant?
________________[1]
(c) Suggest one feature of pea plants which could be improved by selective
breeding.
______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________[1
]

(d) Huntingtons disease is a disorder of the nervous system. It is

caused by a dominant allele. The family tree shows the inheritance of

Huntingtons disease in one family.

(i) T and U already have a son, V, with Huntingtons disease. What is

the chance that their next child, W, will also develop Huntingtons
disease?
Use a genetic diagram in your answer.
Use the symbols H to represent the dominant allele and h to represent
the recessive allele.

Chance that child W will have Huntingtons disease

= ...................................................(4)
Q3. The drawings show two different species of butterfly.

Both species can be eaten by most birds.

Amauris has a foul taste which birds do not like, so birds have learned not to prey on it.
Hypolimnas does not have a foul taste but most birds do not prey on it.

(a) Suggest why most birds do not prey on Hypolimnas.

............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................(2 marks)
(b) Suggest an explanation, in terms of natural selection, for the markings on the wings of
Hypolimnas.
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................(3 marks)
(c) The meadow brown butterfly shows variation in wing pattern. There are
different numbers of black spots on the underside of the hind wings. The
table shows the number of wing spots in a Scottish population of the
butterflies.

(a) (i) Is the variation in the number of spots on the hind wing continuous or
discontinuous?
__________________________ (1)
(ii) Use the table to complete the pie chart below. (2)

d) (i) Downs Syndrome is an example of a condition caused by a change to

the chromosomes.
What is the correct term for a change to the chromosomes?
_______________________________(1)
(ii) Downs Syndrome can be detected before birth by the removal of some of
the fluid surrounding the baby as it develops. The fluid is removed by a
doctor using a syringe inserted into the uterus.
What name is given to this procedure?
_______________________________(1)