..

..

..

acre

0.4047

ha( hectares)

acre

4047

m2

atm

29.92

inch of mercury 320 F

atm

101,300

N / m 2( Pa )

atm

14.70

lb / in.2( psi )

Btu / h

12.96

ft lb / min

cm/s

1.969

ft / min

0.010

m / s m / s2

0.6

m / min

cm / s cm / s 2

cm / s

(
)
cm / s ( cm / s )
cm / s cm / s 2

0.0328

0.3937

( )
in. / s ( in. / s )
ft / s ft / s 2

cm / s 2

0.00102

circular mil

0.7854

mil 2

cm3 / s

0.002119

ft 3 / min

cup

0.24

l ( liter )

ft 3 / min

471.9

cm3 / s

ft 3 / min

0.1247

gal / s

ft 3 / min

0.4719

l/s

ft 3 / s

448.8

gal / min

deg ree ( deg ree / s )

0.01745

rad ( rad / s )

deg ree

0.00273

rev

dyne

105

dyne

0.000002248

ib

fat hom

1.829

ft

0.3048

0.8843

inch of mercury 600 F

2986

N / m2

0.4331

ib / in.2

ft / min

0.508

cm / s

ft / min

0.01136

mi / h

12

in. / s in. / s 2

( )
foot of water ( 60 F )
foot of water ( 60 F )
foot of water 600 F

( )
ft / s( ft / s )
ft / s( ft / s )
ft / s ft / s 2
2

30.48

0.3048

(
)
cm / s ( cm / s )
m / s( m / s )
2

ft / s 2

0.0311

ft / s

1.097

km / h

ft / s

0.5925

knot

ft lb / s

0.07716

Btu / min

ft / lb

1.356

Nm

fluid ounce

29.57

ml

g ( acceleration of gravity)

32.16

ft / s 2

386

in. / s 2

980

cm / s 2

9.80

m / s2

gal

3.8

8.345

pound of water 600 F

gal / s

8.021

ft 3 / min

gal / s

227.1

l / min

gallon of water 600 F

980.7

dyne

g / cm3

9807

N / m3

g / cm 2

98.07

N / m2

ha

2471

acer

ha

10 4

m2

hp

1.014

hp ( metric)

hp ( metric)

0.9863

hp ( horsepower)

Hz

cycle / s, rev / s

Hz

6.283

rad / s

Hz

360

deg ree / s

in.

0.0254

0.03342

atm

1.131

foot of water 600 F

3376

N / m2

0.4898

lb / in.2

0.03609

lb / in.2

0.0833

ft / s ft / s 2

2.540

cm / s cm / s 2

0.0254

m / s m / s2

in. / s 2

0.00259

g ( acceleration of gravity )

kg

9.807

kg

0.6852177

slug

km/ h

0.9113

ft / s

knot

1.688

ft / s

knot

1.151

mi / h

2.1134

p int

1.0567

quart

( )
inch of mercury ( 60 F )
inch of mercury ( 60 F )
inch of mercury ( 60 F )
inch of water ( 60 F )
in. / s ( in. / s )
in. / s ( in. / s )
in. / s ( in. / s )
inch of mercury 320 F

0.2642

gal

l / min

0.004403

gal / s

ml

0.0338

fluid ounce

0.1988

rod

m / min

1.667

cm / s

( )
m / s (m / s )
m / s (m / s )

3.28

m / s m / s2
2

39.37

100

( )
in. / s ( in. / s )
cm / s ( cm / s )
ft / s ft / s 2

m / s2

0.102

g ( acceleration of gravity )

mil

0.001

in.

mil 2

1.273

circular mil

mi / h

88.0

ft / min

mi / h

0.8690

knot

N / m2

9.872 10 6

atm

N / m2

3.349 10 4

foot of water 600 F

oz ( avoirdupois )

0.9115

oz ( troy )

oz ( troy )

1.097

oz ( avoirdupois )

oz ( troy )

0.06857

lb ( avoirdupois )

p int

0.4732

lb

4.448

lb ( mass)

0.4535

kg

lb ( avoirdupois )

14.58

oz ( troy )

lb ( avoirdupois )

0.031081

slug

0.01603

ft 3

0.1199

gal

lb / in.2

0.06805

atm

lb / in.2

2.309

foot of water 600 F

( )
pound of water ( 60 F )
pound of water 600 F
0

lb / in.2

6895

N / m2

lb / in.2

2.042

inch of mercury 600 F

lb / in.2

27.71

inch of water 600 F

quart

0.9463

rad ( rad / s )

57.30

deg ree ( deg ree / s )

rad / s

0.1592

rev / s or Hz

rad / s

9.549

rpm

rev ( revolution)

6.283

rad

6.283

rad / s rad / s 2

rev / s or Hz

360

deg ree / s

rpm

0.1047

rad / s

rpm

deg ree / s

rod

5.029

slug

14.5939

kg

slug

32.1740

lb ( avoirdupois )

rev / s or Hz rev / s 2

,W



, = W / g

U. S.

(foot)
(me

ter)
(m
ete
r)
cm
kg
s

m
N
s

rad
cm 4

rad

lb s 2 / ft ( slug )
ft 2

kg s 2 cm
cm 2

kg

lb s 2 ft
lb ft

kg s 2 cm
kg cm

ft 3
lb s 2 / ft 4
lb / ft
lb ft / rad
lb ft
lb ft / rad

cm3

kg m 2
N m
m3

kg s 2 / cm 4
kg / cm
kg cm / rad
kg cm
kg cm / rad
kg / cm 2

kg / m3
N /m
N m / rad
N m
N m / rad
N .m 2 ( Pa )

ft

lb
s
rad
ft 4 f

lb / ft

m4
m2 m

 (SI)

SI

Kelvin

m
kg

s
K

Newton
,
Pascal
,
Joule

Watt

m2
m3

kg m / s 2

Pa
J
W

N / m2

Radian

rad

N m
N m/s

Tera
Giga
Mega
Kilo
Milli
Micro
Nano

G
M

k
m

1000000000000
1000000000
1000000
1000
0.001
0.000001
0.000000001

1012
10 9
10 6
10 3
10 3
10 6
10 9

Hecto
Deka
Deci
Centi

h
da
d
c

100
10
0.1
0.01

10 2
101
10 1
10 2

. c d
.

 (SI)

: psi pascal, 6.894 * 103

. psi 6.894757 Mpa.

g
g

ft / s 2

m / s2
cm / s 2
m / s2

9.80
980
0.3048

ft / s 2

cm / s 2

30.48

in. / s 2
in. / s 2

m / s2
cm / s 2

0.0254
2.540

ft 2

m2

9.290304 10 2

in.2

m2

6.451600 10 4

Btu
cal
erg
ft lb
W s

J
J
J
J
J

1.055056 10 3

4.186800

1.000000 10 7

1.355818
1.000000

/
erg / cm 2

J / m2

1.000000 10 3

ft lb / in.2

J / m2

2.101522 10 3

in. lb / in.2

J / m2

1.751268 10 2

N
N
N
N

1.000000 10 5
9.806650

dyne
kg
lb
poundal

4.448222

1.382550 10 1

A
ft
in.
mi (U .S . nautical )
mi (U .S . nautical )
yd

1.000000 10 10

m
m
m
m
m

3.048000 10 1
2.540000 10 2
1.852000 10 3
1.609344 10 3

0.9144

grain
lb (mass )
slug
g / cm

lb (mass) / in.3

kg
kg
kg

6.479891 10 5
4.535924 10 1

14.59390
3

1.000000 10 3

kg / m 3

2.767990 10 4

kg / m

slug / ft 3

kg / m 3

5.153788 10 2

W
W
W

2.930711 10 1

Btu / h
ft lb / s
hp

1.355818

7.456999 10 2

atm( 760 torr )
bar
centimeter of merecury ( 0 0 C )

Pa
Pa
Pa

1.013250 10 5
1.000000 10 5
1.33322 10 3

centimeter of water (4 0 C )

Pa

98.0638

dyne / cm 2

Pa

1.000000 10 1

kg / cm 2

Pa

9.806650 10 4

kg / mm 2

Pa

N / m2
lb / in.2 ( psi )

Pa
Pa

9.806650 10 6
1.000000

torr mm Hg , 0 0 C

Pa

6.894757 10 3
1.33322 10 2

deg ree Celsius (C )

deg ree Fahrenheit (F )

K
K

T ( K ) = T (C ) + 273.15
T ( K ) = T (F ) + 459.67

s
s
s

8.640000 10 4
3.600000 10 3
3.153600 10 7

day
hour
year

ft / min
ft / s
ft / s

in. / s
in. / s
km / h
mi / h

m/s
m/s
cm / s
m/s
cm / s
m/s
m/s

5.080000 10 3

0.3048
30.48
0.0254
2.540

2.777778 10 1
4.470400 10 1

cP ( centipoise)
P( poise)
lb s / ft 2

Pa s
Pa s
Pa s

47.88026

m3
m3
m3

1.589873 10 1
2.957353 10 5
2.831685 10 2

m3
m3
m3
m3

4.546122 10 3
3.785412 10 3
1.638706 10 5
1.000000 10 3

1.000000 10 3
1.000000 10 5

barrel ( oil , 42 U .S . gal )

fluid ounce
ft 3
gal (Im perial liquid )
gal (U .S . liquid )
in.3
l

ksi in.

MPa m

1.098843



(SI)

U.S.

(USCS)

(SI)

SI

1in.
10 in.
1 ft
10 ft
1 mi
1 yd

25.4 mm
254 mm
0.3048 m
3.048 m
1609 m
0.9144 m

25 mm
250 mm
0.3 m
3m
1.6 km
0.9 m

1 ft 2
1 ha

0.09290 m 2

0.1 m 2

10 4 m 2

10 4 m 2

1mi 2

2.59 km 2

2.6 km 2

1 yd 2

0.836 m 2

0.85 m 2

32C

0C( 270K)
1K = 1C

273K

C
SI

1ft/min

1 mi / h

0.00508 m / s

1.609 km / h = 0.447 m / s

5 mm / s
1.6 km / h = 0.45 m / s

1 hp ( 550 ft lb / s )
ft lb / s

745.7 W

0.75 kW

1.3558 W

1.4 W

1 ft 3

0.0283 m 3

0.03 m 3

1 yd 3
1 gal

0.765 m 3

0.8 m 3

0.003785 m 3

0.004 m 3

1lb ( force)
1 kip (1000 lb)

4.448 N
4.448 kN

4.5 N
4.5 kN

1000 lb / in.
1000 lb / ft

175.13 kN / m
14.59 kN / m

175 kN / m
15 kN / m

1lb ( mass(
1 slug

))

0.4536 kg

0.5 kg

14.5939 kg

15 kg

1 psi (lb / in.2 )

1000 psi (1 ksi )

6.895 kN / m 2 (kPa)

1 psf

47.88 N / m 2 ( Pa )

1 atm (760 torr )

1.01325 10 5 Pa

6.895 MN / m 2 ( MPa )

7 kN / m 2
7 MN / m 2
48 N / m 2
10 5 Pa

U.S.

(SI)

30 lb / ft 2

1.4kN / m 2 ( kPa)

20 lb / ft 2

960 N / m 2 ( Pa)

10 lb / ft 2

4801 N / m 2 ( Pa )

40 lb / ft 2

2 kN / m 2 (kPa)

10 lb / ft 2

480 N / m 2 ( Pa)

45

45

2 3 tons / ft 2

4 6 tons / ft 2

> 15 tons / ft 2

200 300 kPa

( )

11 MPa
7 MPa
140 MPa

( )

1600 psi
1000 psi
20.000 psi

400 600 kPa

>1400 kPa

1.6 10 6 psi

10.1 10 6 psi

11GN / m 2 (GPa)
70 Gpa

2 10 6 psi

14 Gpa

30 10 6 psi

207 GPa

490 lb / ft 3

76.98 kN / m3

40 lb / ft 3

6.3 kN / m 3

150 lb / ft 3

24 kN / m 3

62.4 lb / ft 3

9.804 kN / m 3

169.3 lb / ft 3

26.60 kN / m 3

5 lb / ft 3

800 N / m 3

12 lb / ft .3

1.9 kN / m 3

50 lb / ft 3

7.9 kN / m 3

100 lb / ft 3

15.7 kN / m 3

115 lb / ft 3

18.1 kN / m 3

0.9356 10 4 lb s 2 / in.4

1000 kg / m 3

7.3326 10 4 lb s 2 / in.4

7835.9 kg / m 3

(g)

32.174 ft / s 2 (386.087 in. / s 2 ) 9.80066 m / s 2

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.7

, , ,
,

Jx = Iy + Iz

yc, z c

A = bh
yc = b
1
2

z c = 12 h

rp = rx

I = I y = 12 bh 3

ry = h / 12

I z = 12 hb 3

rz = b / 12

I yz = 0

rp =

J x = 121 bh( b 2 + h 2 )

1
12

(b

+ h2 )

A = 12 bh

I = Iy =

yc =

Iz =

1
3

( a + b)

zc = h
1
3

A = 12 h( a + b )
yc = a
1
2

zc =

h a + 2b

3 a+b

1
36

1
36

bh 3

bh b ab + a
2

I yz =

1
72

bh ( 2a b )

Jx =

1
36

bh h 2 + b 2 ab + a 2

1
48

h 3 a 2 + 4ab + b 2

36
a+b

h( a + b ) a + b

I yz = 0
Jx = Iy + Iz

[ (b ab + a )]
=
(b + h ab + a )

rz =

I = Iy =
Iz =

ry = h / 18

rp

ry =
rz =

1
18

1
18

1
24

18 ( a + b )

+ b2

rp = J x / A

h a 2 + 4ab + b 2

[ (a

)]

A = 14 d 2

I = Iy = Iz =

y c = 12 d

I yz = 0

zc = d

Jx =

1
2

A = 14 d 02 d i2

1
32

zc = d 0

Jx =

1
2

rp = d / 8

I yz = 0
1
32

ry = rz = 14 d

d 4

I = I y = I z = 14 r04 ri 4

yc = d 0
1
2

1
64

(d d
4
0

4
i

ry = rz =
rp =

1
8

1
4

(d

(d

2
0

2
0

+ d i2

+ d i2

A = ab
yc = a

I = I y = 14 ab 3

ry = 12 b

zc = b

I z = 14 ba 3

rz = 12 a

I yz = 0

rp =

A = 12 r 2

I = I y = 0.11r 4

ry = 0.264 r

yc = r

I z = 0.393r 4

rz = 12 r

I yz = 0

rp 0.565r

J x = 14 ab( b 2 + a 2 )

z c = 4r / 3

J x = 0.503r 4

1
4

(a

+ b2 )

A = bd

I y = 121 bd 3

yc =

I z = 121 bd b 2 + a 2

1
2

(b + a)

zc = 12 d

ry = 0.2887 d
rz = 0.2887 b 2 + a 2

I yz = 121 abd 2

A = 12 bd

Iy =

1
48

bd 3

ry = 0.2041d

yc = b

Iz =

1
48

db 3

rz = 0.2041b

1
2

z c = 12 d

A = aR 2
y c = R sin a

16sin2 a
R4

I y = a + sina cosa
4
9a

2 sin a
z c = R 1

3a

Iz =

B1 = b1 + 12 t

I y = 13 t ( B2 z ) + B1 z 3 c1 ( z t )

B 2 = b2 + t

Iz =

1
2

c1 = b1 12 t
c 2 = b2 t
1
2

A = t ( b1 + b2 )
B12 + c 2 t
yc =
2( b1 + b2 )

B22 + c1t
zc =
2( b1 + b2 )

R4
( a sina cosa )
4

1
3

[
[t ( B y )
1

+ B2 y 3 c 2 ( y t 3 )

I yz = t [ b1 z ( b1 2 y ) + b2 y ( b2 2 z ) ]
1
2

ry =

sin a cosa 16sin2 a

R
1+

2
a
9a 2

rz =

sin a cosa
R
1
2
a

ry = I y / A
rz = I z / A
rp = J x / A

I y = 121 ( bH 13 ( b t w ) H 23 )

H1h + t f
H2 = h t f
A = 2bt f + H 2 t w
yc = b

ry = I y / A

I z = 121 ( H 2 t w3 + 2t f b 3 )

rz = I z / A

I yz = 0, J x = J y + I z

rp = J x / A

1
2

z c = 12 H 1

H = h+t
B =b+ t
1
2

C = b 12 t

A = t ( h + 2b )
y c = b, z c =

1
2

Iy =

1
12

Iz =

1
12

[ BH C ( H 2t ) ]
[ H ( B + C ) 2hC 6B hC ]
3

I yz = htb
1
2

(h + t)

Jx = Iy + Iz

ry = I y / A
rz = I z / A
rp = J x / A

[
[t b

]
)t ]

A = ht1 + ( b t1 ) t 2

I y = 121 t1 h 3 + ( b t1 ) t 23

yc = b

I z = 121

1
2

zc = h
1
2

B = b + 12 t w
C = b 12 t w
H = h+tf
D = htf
A = ht w + 2bt f
yc =

2 B 2 t f + Dt w2

2 BH 2 DC
zc = (h + t f )
1
2

+ ( h t2

ry = I y / A

3
1

rz = I z / A

I yz = 0, J x = I y + I z

Iy =

1
12

(BH

rp = J x / A

C D3 )

I z = 13 ( 2t f B 3 + D tw3 ) A( B y c )
I yz = 0, J x = I y + I z

ry = I y / A
2

rz = I z / A
rp = J x / A

H = h + 12 t f

I y = 13 t w ( H z c ) + b zc3 C ( z c t f )

C = b tw

Iz =

A = bt f + t w D
y c = b, D = h t f
1
2

zc =

H 2 t w + Ct 2f

1
2

2( bt f + Dt w )

1
12

(b t
3

+ D tw3 )

I yz = 0, J x = I y + I z

ry = I y / A
rz = I z / A
rp = J x / A

J =

a 3b3
16( a 2 + b 2 )

J =

a 3b3
16( a 2 + b 2 ) (1 k 4 )

J =

a4 3
80

J = 0.1406 a 4

J=

ab3
b
b5
1 0.630 + 0.052 5
3
a
a

J =

4 A2
1 ( s ) ds
t

A =

L=

J=

4 A2t
L

1
1
J = r04 = d 04
2
32

1
1
J = r04 ri 4 = d 04 d i4
2
32

J = 2r 3t

a M 3
biti
3 i 1
M


ti
J=

bi
a = 1

J = 13 bt 3

J =

1
3

(b t

3
11

+ b2t23 + ht w3

 MOHR

1. G( F
/ L2 )
2. Lame
( F / L2 )
3. K
( F / L2 )

E
2(1 + )
E
=
(1 + )(1 2 )
E
K=
3(1 2 )

G=

 , POISSON,


.
,
.

GPa
ABS Plastic -unfilled

0.2 - 0.4

1.4 2.8

10.5
0.3-0.45

72.4
2-3

0.33
-

33 - 72

60 - 130

17-33

30-60

9.2
24.5-29.8

169-205

0.3

6.3

5.4
11.3

19.4
2

134
14

0.4-0.45

16.3

29.3

10.5

72.5

0.28

0.50

1-2

7-14

1-3

psi, 10

40, 40
10

psi 0.4

10

106

. ,

psi. 0.2-0.4 E 0.2

psi.
a

Aluminum-Alloy 2024-T4,
c

2-5

12.9

106

E1 , 1

E 2 , 2

9 0

1 60

. ,
23 .2
10

/ C


, , ,

0.07
0.09 N

11.11

0.1N

11.12
11.13
11.14
11.14

.
.

. .
.
, .



.
.

. .

RA = W

La
L

HA = HB =
MC = MD =
MK =

RB = W

3Wa L a
2hL 2 e + 3
3Wa L a

2 L 2 e + 3
Wa( L a ) 4 e + 3
2L

h
L
H A = H B = 12 W
R A = RB = W

M C = M D = 12 Wh

2 e + 3

a
L

R A = RB = W
HA =
HB =

ha
L

W
a ( 2 h a )
h + a ( h a)

2h
h( 2h + 3L )

W ( h a)
a ( 2 h a )
1+

2h h( 2h + 3L )

a ( 2 h a )
M C = 12 W ( h a ) 1 +

h ( 2 h + 3 L )

a ( 2 h a )
M D = 12 W ( h a ) 1

h ( 2 h + 3 L )
W ( h a)
MK =
2h

a ( 2 h a )
h + a ( h a)
h( 2h + 3L )

RA = RB = 12 p1L
HA = HB =

p1L
4e ( 2 e + 3)

MC = MD =

p1 L2
4( 2 e + 3)

MK =

p1L2 2 e + 1
8 2 e + 3

p1h 2
2L
p h 11 e + 18
HA = 1
8 2 e + 3
p h 5 e + 6
HB = 1
8 2 e + 3
RA = RB =

MC =

p1h 2 5 e + 6
8 2 e + 3

MD =

3 p1L2 e + 2
8 2 e + 3

R A = R B = 12 W
3WL
8h( e + 2)
WL
MA = MB =
8( e + 2)
WL
MC = MD =
4( e + 2)
WL e + 1
MK =
4 e + 2
HA = HB =

RA = RB = 12 p1L
HA = HB =

p1 L2
4 h( e + 2 )

MA = MB =

p1 L2
12( e + 2)

MC = MD =

p1L2
6( e + 2 )

p1 L2 ( 3 e + 2 )
MK =
24( e + 2)

R A = RB = p1 h

e 2
6 e + 1

HA =

p1 h 8 e + 17 4 e + 3

4 2( e + 2 ) 6 e + 1

HB =

p1 h 4 e + 3

4 6 e + 1 2( e + 2)

p1 h 2 4 e + 1
e + 3
+

4 6 e + 1 6( e + 2)
p1 h 2 4 e + 1
e + 3
MB =

4 6 e + 1 6( e + 2)
MA =

M C = p1 h 2

e 2
1
+

4 6 e + 1 6( e + 2)

M D = p1 h 2

e 6
1

4 6 e + 1 6( e + 2 )

Wa L2 ( 2 e + 3) a 2
2 L3 ( e + 1)
RB = W R A
RA =

HA = HB =

Wa L2 a 2
2hL2 ( e + 1)

Wa L2 a 2
2 L2 ( e + 1)
a
M D = [W ( L a ) M C ]
L
MC =

p1 L 4 e + 5
8 e + 1
p L 4 e + 3
RB = 1
8 e + 1
RA =

HA = HB =

p1 L2
8h( e + 1)

MC =

p1 L2
8( e + 1)

RA =

Wa
2 L2 a 2
1 + 2

L L 3 e + 4

RB =

W ( L a ) 2a L + a
1 2

L
L 3 e + 4

HA = HB =

3Wa L2 a 2
hL2 3 e + 4

MA =

Wa L2 a 2
L2 3 e + 4

MC =

2Wa L2 a 2
L2 3 e + 4

MD =

Wa( L a ) 2a L + a
1 2

L
L 3 e + 4

RA = RB =
HA
HB

3Wa( h a )

3 e + 4

hL 2

Wa
h a 3ae + 2( h + a ) 3( h a )
=

1 +
h
3 e + 4
hL
h2
=W HA

MA =
MC =
MD

Wa( h a ) 3a e + 2( h + a )
3 e + 4

h2
3Wa( h a )

hL
3 e + 4
= H A ( h a) M A

e + 1
3 e + 4
3 e + 5
R A = 12 p1 L
3 e + 4
R B = 32 p1 L

HA = HB =

3 p1 L2
4 h ( 3 e + 4 )

MA =

p1 L2
4( 3 e + 4 )

MC =

p1 L2
2( 3 e + 4 )

e2
3 e + 4
3 e + 5
H A = 12 p1 h
3 e + 4
e + 1
H B = 32 p1 h
3 e + 4
e + 2
M A = 14 p1 h 2
3 e + 4
e
M C = 14 p1 h 2
3 e + 4
R A = RB = 14 p1 h

3 e + 4

Wa 2
[ e( 3L a ) + 2( 3L 2a ) ]
2 L3 ( e + 1)
RB = W R A
RA =

HA = HB =
MA =
MB =

3Wa 2 L a
2hL2 e + 1

Wa 2 L a
2 L2 e + 1

Wa( L a ) e( 2 L a ) + 2( L a )

e + 1
2 L2

Wa 2 L a
L2 e + 1
M D = RB a M B
MC =

3 e + 4
e + 1
5 e + 4
RB = 18 p1 L
e + 1
R A = 18 p1 L

p1 L2
HA = HB =
8h( e + 1)
p1 L2
24( e + 1)
3 e + 2
M B = 241 p1 L2
e + 1
MA =

MC =

p1 L2
12( e + 1)

.
.

. .

,
:

A0* = A0 dA * = A0 ( E / E r )dA

 . 2.12.
2 .
15-1.

Plate

Constants

1.8
7
1.9
6
1.2
8
2.0
0
1.7
0

0.60
0.16
5
0.11
0.16
7
0.85

(
)