Name: ______________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________

ID: A

Extra Credit First Quarter

Completion Complete each sentence or statement. 1. The conversion factor used to change cg to g would be ____________________. 2. Two conversion factors that could be used together to change kilometers to millimeters would be ____________________ and ____________________. 3. The two types of matter that are pure substances are ____________________ and ____________________. 4. Some iron and some sulfur are mixed together then gently heated. When the result is cooled, the iron can be separated from the sulfur by using a magnet. This result is a(n) _________________________. 5. The energy that matter has because of its motion is called ____________________. 6. The capacity to do work or produce light is known as ____________________. 7. The fact that mass and energy cannot be created or destroyed is the fundamental concept of the theme of ____________________. 8. A factor that could affect the results of an experiment is a(n) ____________________. 9. If some measurements agree closely with each other but differ widely from the actual value, these measurements are ____________________ but not ____________________. 10. The number of significant figures in the measured value 0.003 20gis ____________________. 11. The number of significant figures in the measurement 210cmis ____________________. 12. Using a metric ruler with 1-mm divisions, you find the sides of a rectangular piece of plywood are 3.54 cm and 4.85 cm. You calculate that the area is 17.1690 cm2. To the correct number of significant figures, the result should be expressed as ____________________. 13. When 64.4 is divided by 2.00, the correct number of significant figures in the result is ____________________. 14. Rounded to four significant figures, 1.245 633 501 108 is ____________________. 15. The speed of light is 300 000 km/s. In scientific notation, this speed is ____________________. 16. The average distance between Earth and the moon is 386 000 km. Expressed in scientific notation, this distance is ____________________. 17. An analytical balance can measure mass to the nearest 1/10 000 of a gram, 0.0001g. In scientific notation, the accuracy of the balance would be expressed as ____________________. 18. John Dalton observed that a chemical compound always contained the same elements in exactly the same proportions. Furthermore, he observed that these proportions were _________________________. 19. The wavelength of electromagnetic radiation (also known as light) is inversely proportional to its ____________________. 1

Name: ______________________

ID: A

Short Answer 20. Why can a gas fill the entire volume of its container? 21. In one experiment, magnesium metal melts. In a second experiment, magnesium metal ignites as it combines with oxygen. Classify the change in each experiment as chemical or physical. Explain your reasoning. 22. What are the SI standard units for length and mass? Why do you think there isnt a standard SI unit for volume? 23. Explain why flammability and combustibility are chemical properties. 24. Why should a scientist record all observations, even those that appear insignificant? 25. Explain what is meant by a scientific method. Problem 26. The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/cm3. The volume of a solid piece of aluminum is1.50cm3. Calculate its mass. Essay 27. Describe five ways in which chemistry is a part of your daily life.

ID: A

Extra Credit First Quarter Answer Section

COMPLETION 1. ANS: 1 g/100 cg DIF: 1 REF: 2 2. ANS: 1000 m/1 km, 1000 mm/1 m DIF: 2 REF: 2 3. ANS: elements, compounds DIF: 1 REF: 3 4. ANS: heterogeneous mixture DIF: 2 REF: 3 5. ANS: kinetic energy DIF: 1 6. ANS: energy REF: 1 OBJ: 3 OBJ: 3 OBJ: 2 OBJ: 4 OBJ: 1 OBJ: 1 OBJ: 2 OBJ: 2 OBJ: 1 OBJ: 2 OBJ: 2 OBJ: 2 OBJ: 2 STO: 3.1.10.B.3 STO: 3.1.10.B.3 STO: 3.1.10.A.2 STO: 3.4.10.A.8 STO: 3.4.10.B.4 STO: 3.4.10.B.4 STO: 3.4.10.B.4 STO: 3.2.10.B.2 STO: 3.2.10.B.1 STO: 3.1.10.B.3 STO: 3.1.10.B.3 STO: 3.7.10.B.3 STO: 3.1.10.B.3

DIF: 1 REF: 1 7. ANS: conservation DIF: 1 8. ANS: variable REF: 1

DIF: 1 REF: 2 9. ANS: precise, accurate DIF: 2 10. ANS: 3 DIF: 2 11. ANS: 2 DIF: 2 12. ANS: 17.2 cm2 DIF: 2 13. ANS: 3 DIF: 2 REF: 3 REF: 3 REF: 3 REF: 3 REF: 3

ID: A 14. ANS: 1.246 108 DIF: 2 REF: 3 15. ANS: 3 105 km / s DIF: 2 16. ANS: 3.86 105 DIF: 2 17. ANS: 1 104 REF: 3 OBJ: 2 STO: 3.1.10.B.3

OBJ: 4

STO: 3.1.10.B.3

REF: 3

OBJ: 4

STO: 3.1.10.B.3

DIF: 2 REF: 3 18. ANS: whole number ratios DIF: 1 19. ANS: frequency DIF: SHORT ANSWER 2 REF: 1 REF: 3

OBJ: 4 OBJ: 1 OBJ: 2

STO: 3.7.10.B.3 STO: 3.4.10.A.6 STO: 3.4.10.C.6

20. ANS: Gas particles have little attraction for each other and can easily and quickly move from one place to another. DIF: 1 REF: 1 OBJ: 2 STO: 3.4.10.A.4 21. ANS: In the first experiment, a physical change occurred. The chemical properties of magnesium were unchanged. In the second experiment, a chemical change occurred. A new substance with its own chemical properties was formed. DIF: 2 REF: 1 OBJ: 3 STO: 3.1.10.A.2 22. ANS: Meter and kilogram are the standard units for length and mass. Volume is a derived unit. It is calculated from length measurements, so it doesnt have a standard SI unit. DIF: 2 REF: 2 OBJ: 2 STO: 3.7.10.B.2 23. ANS: To observe either flammability or combustibility, a chemical change must occur. To observe either of these properties, something must burn and change to combustion products, such as water and carbon dioxide. DIF: 2 REF: 2 OBJ: 5 STO: 3.1.10.A.2

ID: A 24. ANS: Many important discoveries are made through mistakes or by accident. If seemingly insignificant observations are not recorded, such discoveries cannot be reproduced. DIF: 2 REF: 1 OBJ: 1 STO: 3.1.10.E.4 25. ANS: A scientific method is a logical, systematic approach to problem solving. The exact steps followed might vary from problem to problem. DIF: PROBLEM 26. ANS: m = DV = 2.70 g/cm3 1.50 cm3 = 4.05 g DIF: ESSAY 27. ANS: Answers will vary but might include specific chemical reactions in the human body, materials that are made through chemical processes, changes of state, or common chemical changes, such as burning or rotting. DIF: 1 REF: 1 OBJ: 1 STO: 3.1.10.A.5 2 REF: 2 OBJ: 4 STO: 3.1.10.B.3 2 REF: 2 OBJ: 1 STO: 3.2.10.B.2