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Contents
Contents .................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 3 I. Submission Instructions ................................................................................................... 4
II. Overview: Purpose, Evaluation Team, Process, Scope of Work ................................... 6 A. Purpose of the Final Evaluation........................................................................................ 6 B. The Evaluation Team ....................................................................................................... 7 C. The Final Evaluation Process ........................................................................................... 8 D. The Evaluation Teams Scope of Work ............................................................................ 9 Checklist of Final Evaluation Details ......................................................................................... 10 III. The Final Evaluation Report............................................................................................ 11 A. Preliminary Information .................................................................................................. 11 B. Overview of the Project Structure and Implementation: .................................................. 12 C. Evaluation Assessment Methodology and Limitations .................................................... 12 D. Data Quality and Use ..................................................................................................... 13 E. Presentation of Project Results ...................................................................................... 14 F. Discussion of the Results ............................................................................................... 14 G. Discussion of Potential for Sustained Outcomes, Contribution to Scale, Equity, Community Health Worker Models, Global Learning, and Dissemination/Information Use............................................................................................................................. 16 H. Conclusions and Recommendations .............................................................................. 19 IV. Specific Reporting Requirements Innovation, New Partner, Expanded Impact, and Tuberculosis ........................................................................................................................... 20 V. Required Annexes ........................................................................................................... 24 Annex 1: Results HighlightEvidence Building ........................................................................ 24 Annex 2: List of Publications and Presentations Related to the Project..................................... 25 Annex 3: Project Management Evaluation ................................................................................ 25 Annex 4: Workplan Table.......................................................................................................... 27 Annex 5: Rapid CATCH Table* ................................................................................................. 28 Annex 6: Final KPC Report ....................................................................................................... 28 Annex 7: CHW Training Matrix (sample) .................................................................................. 29 Annex 8: Evaluation Team Members and their Titles ................................................................ 30 Annex 9: Evaluation Assessment methodology......................................................................... 30 Annex 10: List of persons interviewed and contacted during Final Evaluation ........................... 30 Annex 11: Final operations research report (required for Innovation grants) ............................. 30 Annex 12: Special reports (optional) ......................................................................................... 30 Annex 13: Project Data Form .................................................................................................... 30 Annex 14: Grantee Plans to Address Final Evaluation Findings............................................... 30 Annex 15: Grantee Response to Final Evaluation Findings (optional) ....................................... 30
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Introduction
This version of the final evaluation guidance for Child Survival and Health Grants Program (CHSGP) grants was revised in May 2011 in order to incorporate themes that are current priorities for USAID and specific to CSHGP. In addition to assessing project results, the guidelines emphasize how the implementation process helped lead to project results. Due to USAIDs renewed emphasis on evaluation, it is particularly important for this report to include a thorough explanation of the evaluation process and methodologies. These guidelines for final evaluations reflect the evolution of CSHGP, which now includes categories for innovation, with an operations research (OR) element; new partner; tuberculosis; and the final expanded impact projects, as this category will end this year. CSHGP does not currently receive family planning funds. The following are specific changes to the guidance: y y Addition of a section on the evaluation process Addition of a section on evaluation assessment methodology and limitations o Requirement that the following be included in an annex: Evaluation team scope of work, including timeline of activities Brief descriptions of information gathering methodologies, such as: key informant interviews; focus group discussions; or facility record review Data collection instruments, including interview guides Names of places visited Documents reviewed Section on special reporting for Innovation Grants o Requirement that final OR report be included as an annex Increased guidance for discussing scale for Expanded Impact projects Elimination of the Family Planning section because currently there are no active projects that received family planning (FlexFund) funding Instructions to discuss aspects that were not so successful
y y y y
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I. Submission Instructions
A. Please complete the Final Evaluation (FE) Report by following the guidance provided in Sections III and IV, as well as the guidance provided for specific annexes, outlined in Section V. B. FE Report body should not exceed 40 pages (excludes annexes, cover page, and table of contents) C. The report and all annexes should be in English or accompanied with a translation. D. Use a 12-point font that is clearly legible. E. On the FE Report cover page, please include the following: y y y y y Name of organization Project location (country and district(s)) Cooperative agreement number Project beginning and end dates Date of report submission
F. On the cover or on the next page, include the names and positions or affiliations of those involved in writing and editing the FE Report. G. The FE Report is due at USAID CSHGP (GH/HIDN/NUT) 60-90 days after the end date of the cooperative agreement. Please refer to your agreement document for the required timeline for your final evaluation. CSHGP suggests that projects allow sufficient time for fieldwork, writing, and editing. Failure to submit a FE Report on time to CSHGP (GH/HIDN/NUT) could result in a material failure, as described in 22 CFR 226.61. If there are circumstances beyond the grantees control that have had an impact on the ability to complete the FE Report on time, contact CSHGP as soon as possible. H. The CSHGP Project Data Form should be reviewed, updated and included with the FE Report submission as an annex. This form is located on the MCHIP PVO/NGO Support website at http://www.mchipngo.net and was originally completed by the grantee during the Detailed Implementation Plan (DIP) development stage. The information included on this data form is used by the CSHGP to provide accurate updates on active projects, key staff, project objectives and major activities and reflect the current project situation. Rapid CATCH indicators from the final Knowledge Practices and Coverage (KPC) survey should be updated on the form. MCHIP and CSHGP use this information to analyze the successes of the CSHGP projects, including using the Lives Saved Calculator to estimate child mortality changes, which are disseminated widely. Since this form provides a lasting electronic record of the project it is important to ensure that the projects activities are accurately represented, and that end-of-project survey results are recorded completely and accurately. I. Send the CSHGP (address below) two paper copies (one original and one copy) of the Final Evaluation Report, and one electronic copy (CD) of the Final Evaluation Report in Microsoft Word. The original hard copy of the Final Evaluation Report should be double-
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sided and unbound. The copy of the report should be double-sided and bound. Any annexes that are available in hard copy only should be scanned and included on the version submitted on CD. Nazo Kureshy USAID/GH/HIDN/NUT/CSHGP 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Room 3.6.80 Washington, DC 20523-3700 nkureshy@usaid.gov J. Send one electronic copy (CD) and one paper copy of the Final Evaluation Report to the MCHIP PVO/NGO Support Team. The copy of the report should be double-sided and can be unbound. Any annexes that are available in hard copy only should be scanned and included on the version submitted on CD. Please send these documents to: Deborah Kumper MCHIP PVO/NGO Support Team ICF Macro 11785 Beltsville Drive Calverton, MD 20705 dkumper@icfi.com K. Send one, double-sided, unbound copy of the Final Evaluation Report to the relevant USAID Mission. http://www.usaid.gov/locations/missiondirectory.html In accordance with USAID AUTOMATED DIRECTIVES SYSTEM (ADS) 540.5.2, please submit one electronic copy of the Final Evaluation Report to the Development Experience Clearinghouse (DEC). Please include the Cooperative Agreement number on the electronic Final Evaluation Report submission. Electronic documents can be sent as email attachments to docsubmit@usaid.gov. For complete information on submitting documents to the DEC, see http://www.dec.org/submit.
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II.
The final evaluation serves the following purposes: y y y To determine the extent to which the project accomplished the results that were outlined in the DIP and to present the evidence of these accomplishments. To describe key factors that contributed to what worked or did not work regarding some or all aspects of the program and to inform future program actions. To provide a record of how these results were obtained, so USAID can share these results with others outside of the CSHGP programincluding U.S. Congressand incountry partners and the PVO grantee understand what should be done if they want to reproduce these results. To demonstrate how this project contributes to global learning about community-based health programming.
The final evaluation provides an opportunity for all project stakeholders to take stock of accomplishments to date and to listen to the beneficiaries at all levels: including mothers and
For more information on these two initiatives, link to http://www.usaid.gov/ghi and http://www.feedthefuture.gov
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caregivers, other community members and opinion leaders, health workers, health system administrators, local partners, other organizations and donors. The evaluation will be used by the following audiences: y y y y y USAID (CSHGP, Missions) CSHGP Grantees Local partners (MOH, district health team, local organizations) International global health community, as the final evaluations will be posted for public use on http://www.mchipngo.net Other stakeholders
In addition to reviewing project results, USAID/CSHGP extracts information from the portfolio of all CSHGP grants in order to present the key accomplishments of the program, including the number of estimated lives saved based on KPC results, to understand best practices and lessons learned and to explain how CHSGP contributions are important to the global health community. USAID Missions are critical partners for centrally-funded CSHGP projects. The USAID Mission represents and carries out the Agencys strategy for health at the country level, seeking to strengthen MOH efforts and policies through complementary health programming to maximize overall impact at the country level. Mission bilateral programs are vehicles for achieving scale of proven interventions. USAID Missions can provide a forum for exploring opportunities to achieve scale at the country-level. USAID missions will review the FE reports to determine how results contribute to fulfilling the Missions strategic plan. In cases where CSHGP grantees have demonstrated synergies with Mission priorities, Missions have sometimes co-funded these projects or taken on funding for projects once the CSHGP cycle has ended. The final evaluation provides the grantee and local stakeholders an additional opportunity for the project to benefit from the outside perspective of a consultant. This outside perspective provides the grantee and local partners information on accomplishments and areas for improvement, so that future work can take advantage of these experiences. In-country partners who may be continuing project work require a record of what was done as a basis for their future activities. The PVO/NGO can also use the evidence produced from this grant in future programming both in the same country and in other parts of the world.
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the grantee organization, nor been involved in the implementation of the specific child survival project. The lead evaluator should be objective, should possess strong evaluation skills and experience relevant to the technical area, and must understand how community-based programs are implemented. The candidate should also have sound facilitation skills, as the evaluation process requires reaching out to key stakeholders and program staff for input and cooperation for a successful program evaluation. Additional Team Members: Additional members may include others that the grantee selects from their organization, its partners, the USAID Mission, and other organizations. Including representatives from partner organizations, such as the Ministry of Health (MOH), in the evaluation process increases their understanding of findings and can influence future programming. It is strongly recommended that the HQ backstop participate as a member of the Final Evaluation team, so that (s)he is well positioned to assist the organization in addressing any recommendations that may emerge.
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care providers. Debriefing meetings should be set up with key staff from the PVO grantee, partners, and/or USAID. The grantee should also plan for dissemination of final evaluation findings. During the evaluation, the grantee monitors the process to ensure that logistics run smoothly and makes sure that the final evaluation report is submitted in a timely manner. Stakeholders should have discussions about these findings and how they could be useful for future activities.
y y y
Special Note: Participation by national counterparts and evaluators in the design and execution of the evaluations is encouraged.
y y
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The grantee should plan ahead to disseminate the findings through existing communication channels (local media, newsletters, internet, group meetings) that will reach communities, policymakers, and organizations who were involved in or affected by the project. In addition, the grantee can ask the evaluation team to identify opportunities to disseminate findings. This can be included in the scope of work.
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Key Findings/Results from the comparison of the baseline and final evaluation surveys, including measured improvements in health outcomes, as well as other key results such as demonstrated increases in organizational or community capacity, health services improvements, and policy changes achieved through the project and potential for sustainability and replication. Include brief details of any aspects of program Table 1: Summary of Major Project Accomplishments that did not work as originally envisioned and Project Objective #1: To improve use of ORT for children under 5 briefly highlight steps taken to address these Project Inputs Activities Outputs Outcome problems. Brief summary of main conclusions and recommendations Please include a Summary table (see Table 1, right) of the primary inputs, activities, and outputs that contributed to successful outcomes of the projects. This table should not be an exhaustive list, but should only include information for major achievements of the project. Recommendations need to be supported by a specific set of findings.
ORS supplies Radio Time Newspaper space IEC and BCC Materials Trainers Launch media campaign to educate mothers Train health professionals in ORT Training (together with staff at district health staff at district health system) Monitoring and supervision Refresher meetings 15 media campaigns completed100 health professionals trained Increase in Percentage of children age 0-23 months with diarrhea in the last two weeks who received oral rehydration solution (ORS) and/or recommended home fluids (from x% to y%).
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In an annex, please highlight changes to the project since the DIP by presenting the workplan table from the DIP, but adding an extra column explaining what was achieved, dropped (with brief rationale) or changed2. In addition, please include activities that were added to the project after DIP submission and label them as such.
If significant changes were made since the DIP, the evaluator may choose to provide a brief discussion in the narrative of this section Overview of Project
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before the evaluation team begins its work. The evaluation team uses KPC results as one part of the comprehensive project assessment. In this section give a brief overview of assessment methodologies used by the evaluation team and for assessments carried out by the grantee prior to the work of the evaluation team. Explain any limitations on information collected. Examples of limitations are: inability to collect final information from part of the project area due to security problems; some indicators were not collected correctly at baseline; key personnel at the health facility were away at a training session and could not be interviewed. In order to help the reader understand details of the evaluation process used by the evaluation team, the following additional information must be included in an annex: y y y y y y Evaluation team scope of work, including timeline of activities Brief descriptions of information gathering methodologies, such as: key informant interviews; focus group discussions; or facility record review Names of key informants interviewed Data collection instruments, including interview guides, data extraction guides, and questionnaires Names of places visited Documents reviewed
USAID requires the inclusion of the final KPC report as an annex to the final evaluation report. Other assessments conducted by the grantee should also be included as annexes.
In addition the following questions may be useful to guide the assessment of data quality and use: y Did the project utilize an appropriate mix of quantitative and qualitative techniques to inform decision making and measure results? How has the mix of these techniques served to strengthen or weaken the evidence presented here? To what extent are project achievements based on data from the MOH/DOH HIS, and what is your assessment of the quality of that system. Was there a systematic way of collecting, reporting and using data at all project levels? How effective was the system to measure progress towards project results? Cite examples of how project data was used to make management decisions.
y y
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Indicators
% infants <6 months of age that were exclusively breastfed in the last 24 hours
Data Source
KPC
Baseline Value
40
Final Value
70
Final Target
80
Strengthen institutional capacity of local organizations to implement effective child health activities
% of community structures coordinating and implementing activities based on an approved Standard Health Plan
80
70
Please note that grantees are required to provide data on the Rapid Catch Indicators as an annex (see Annex 5) both in this FE Report and on the CSHGP data form at http://mchipngo.net/projects.
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lack of progress in these areas. If the project generated other notable achievements that can be supported by evidence and contribute to the project goal, but that may have not been part of the original objectives or activities, please present and discuss those achievements in this section. For each objective, provide details on how implementation of strategies and key activities led to the select results. In cases where success in various indicators is the result of the same actions, please group them together and provide one explanation, followed by any additional information specific to an intervention area. For notable outcomes that can be supported by evidence and contributed to the overall goal or specific objectives, discuss how those were achieved. For example, special operations research3 or other studies are often conducted to examine issues that may cut across project objectives; additional funding is contributed by other donors to help advance a successful intervention; or the project received local press coverage, verbal recognition from local or national government officials, or achieved a policy outcome. This section should give attention to the cross-cutting strategies that made important contributions to the results achieved so that the reader has a clear understanding of which result(s) they influenced and how that influence occurred. Examples of cross-cutting approaches include: y y y y y y y y y Social and behavior change activities, including community mobilization and outreach strategies; Community partnership-building; Strategies to increase access to health services, including gender and health equity; Capacity building; Human resources strategies, such as skill based training and supervision; Health systems strengthening; Quality assurance; Information management system strengthening; Policy dialogue and advocacy at local or national levels.
2. Contextual Factors To the extent possible, comment on the local context and how it influenced the relationship between activities and outcomes. Factors such as ethnicity, climate, culture, religion, population density, current policy environment, quality of infrastructure, nature of livelihoods, education, gender norms, management structure and others can serve to facilitate or to impede project activities and the achievement of results. It is similarly important to understand the role of other complementary activities being carried out by other donors/programs in the project area, whether there may have been additional resources or influx of commodities from other donors in the project area (i.e. ITN distribution campaign in the district with Global Fund resources); or other grantee-related or unrelated projects running in the same region which might have shared resources or built off common platforms including food aid, education, child sponsorship, water and sanitation, agriculture or micro-enterprise. Discussion of these factors, as relevant, by the evaluation team can provide useful information to others who may want to replicate parts of the model from this program in different settings. 3. Role of key partners Discuss various partners roles and responsibilities where relevant to the strategies and key activities, and discuss the outcomes of that collaboration. This can be presented in table form if the evaluation team would like, as illustrated on the following page.
3
If operations research was conducted, please summarize the results of those studies and include the full study write up(s) in an annex.
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Partner
Role in Project
Result of Collaboration
4. Overall Design Factors that Influenced Results Examples of some of these choices might include a training or supervision approach, targeting of vulnerable groups, packaging of certain interventions, phasing the introduction of interventions, and others. Please comment on how successful these design choices were and the extent to which they may have contributed to overall results.
G. Discussion of Potential for Sustained Outcomes, Contribution to Scale, Equity, Community Health Worker Models, Global Learning, and Dissemination/Information Use
CSHGP recognizes the concerted efforts many grantee organizations place on consideration of sustainability, replication or scale; attention to equity; meeting local needs through community health workers; and or contributing to global learning in their CSHGP projects. In fact, many of these themes are a central element of and focal point for grantees and their partners from the design stage. To the extent that the project focused on these areas, and that there is supporting evidence to suggest an important accomplishment or key learning, please use the guiding questions below to discuss these issues. Feel free to integrate the discussion of these areas into the overall presentation and discussion of project results. If these issues are presented or discussed elsewhere in the report, it is not necessary to re-state them. 1. Progress Toward Sustained Outcomes
CSHGP projects often focus on ensuring that sustained health outcomes (e.g. healthy behaviors, service delivery improvements, improved coverage rates) remain past the life of the project. Please present any evidence generated from the project which suggests the potential for sustainability in any specific areas, and which factors will be critical to these elements continuing after the project ends. The following questions are offered to guide the evaluators review of progress toward sustained health outcomes: y If the project used a formal sustainability design methodology (e.g., the Sustainability Framework) at the DIP stage, provide a status update on how the project progressed from the beginning of the project. What new insights have been gained through project implementation? How have the sustainability strategy and M&E plans evolved? Were the sustainability goals and objectives that were articulated in the DIP met? How did the initial sustainability plan (if there was one) evolve through the implementation of the project? What is the status of the phase-out or transition plan, and is it on schedule? After the project, will there be any continuing technical and management assistance?
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Have the approaches to building financial sustainability-- (e.g., local level financing, cost recovery, resource diversification, corporate sponsorships) been successful? How has the project built demand for services or mobilized the community to influence decision-making on health services provision, participate in decentralization through community or local government structures? What has the PVO done to strengthen a local partner or organization with a larger and lasting reach to carry on activities after the project has been completed? What has the project done to strengthen the health system, including the health information system, so that activities can be carried on after the project has been completed? Will any components of the project be continued/supported by the USAID Mission or bi-lateral program after the CSHGP funding ends? Were there policy changes or new policies to enable sustainability and funding? Was there institutionalization or integration with non-health sectors?
y y
2. Contribution to replication or scale up The CSHGP recognizes that projects may make important contributions to replicating or scaling up proven interventions over the life of the project, through building a foundation for scale from the beginning, playing a catalytic role with government or other partners, and/or engaging in policy dialogue or advocacy activities. Expanded Impact Projects were designed to contribute to scaling up, and detailed guidance for discussing this in the Final Evaluation is included in Section V of these guidelines. Those projects that were not awarded as Expanded Impact, but which have nonetheless made important contributions to scale, should also use the guidance in Section V to inform the discussion of their results. 3. Attention to Equity Improving equity is central to the Program and many projects have addressed inequity. Please use the following questions to guide the discussion of the projects contribution to equity, as relevant:
y y y y y y What types of equity were addressed by this project and how were they determined? (socioeconomic equity, gender equity; ethnic identity, geographic equity, etc) How did the project build off of existing government platforms or strategies for ensuring equity? How did the projects use evidence of inequities in the project area to target interventions and activities to the most disadvantaged sub-populations? Did the project specifically measure improvements in equity within the project area? If so, please explain. What results did these strategies yield? How did the project address factors of gender inequity that affect womens abilities to improve her health and/or that of her family. Examples of these factors include: power and decision making structures within the family and community; different access to resources between women and men; and cultural acceptability of health services for women. Role of Community Health Workers
4.
Community Health Workers (CHWs) of various types often play a critical role in the successes of CSHGP projects. Much effort is focused on mobilizing, building, strengthening and supporting
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cadres of community-based health workers to better address the needs of communities. The CSHGP and the larger global health community are interested in CHW models and how they can be replicated and scaled up. Please present, as relevant, the projects model for building the capacity of CHWs, and how that model contributed to the overall project objectives and results. Include information on specific roles of CHWs, and motivational factors and/or remuneration packages for CHWs. Please include a discussion of the type of supervision received by community health workers, how effective that supervision model was, and how CHWs will continue to receive supervision once the project ends. Please also discuss whether the CHWs that the project engaged are government cadres, whether the grantee organization built a new cadre of health workers, or a combination. At a minimum, please complete the CHW matrix to be included as Annex 7.
5. Contribution to Global Learning
Please highlight important lessons learned or promising practices that emerged from the project that would benefit the larger global development community. Please discuss whether certain components of this project should be replicated or considered for scale up, the types of input and support, and at what levels, would be required. In addition, please comment on which aspects of this project show promise for contributing to learning regarding the service delivery strategies for high-impact interventions and what, if any, additional information/evidence would be useful to document these strategies. USAID is particularly interested in learning that contributes to the advancement of the core principles of the Global Health Initiative4, Feed the Future Initiative5, and/or the USAID Forward reform agenda6. In addition, the MCHIP Project, USAIDs Flagship Project for Maternal and Child Health, is interested in learning related to scaling-up proven interventions; approaches to addressing equity issues in order to reach the most vulnerable populations; innovative approaches to maximize the efficiency and performance of community health workers; and practical lessons about smart integration (e.g., when integrating two or more interventions yields a greater value than would have been achieved by delivering these interventions separately). The evaluation team is encouraged to frame contributions to learning that emerge from this project in terms of the most relevant themes noted above.
6. Dissemination and Information Use
CSHGP projects aim at generating and using the knowledge learned from implementing their programs. The grantee should document how the information has been used to improve the program during implementation and if they have used or have plans to use the findings from the final evaluation. There should be wider dissemination and discussion of the findings to project stakeholders who were involved or affected by the project. Also, highlight instances where the project has used information from their program data as evidence to get additional resources from an external funder. Include any program experiences or results that have been disseminated to other stakeholders beyond program staff (i.e. MOH, other NGOs), and if there are any plans to diffuse and use the program results elsewhere.
The seven principles underlying the foundation of GHI are the following: Implement a woman- and girl-centered approach; Increase impact through strategic coordination and integration; Strengthen and leverage key multilateral organizations, global health partnerships and private sector engagement; Encourage country ownership and invest in country-led plans; Build sustainability through health systems strengthening; Improve metrics, monitoring and evaluation; and Promote research and innovation. A public consultation document focusing on the GHI may be accessed at: http://www.usaid.gov/ghi/ 5 Feed the Future (FtF) is part of the USGs determined strategic and analytical approach to accelerate progress toward the Millennium Development Goal of halving the proportion of people living in extreme poverty and suffering from hunger by 2015. More information on FtFs strategy and principles can be found at http://www.feedthefuture.gov/ 6 Additional information focusing on the USAID Forward reform agenda can be found at: http://forward.usaid.gov/about/overview
4
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IV. Specific Reporting Requirements Innovation, New Partner, Expanded Impact, and Tuberculosis
Currently there are four categories of CSHGP grants: Innovation, New Partner, Expanded Impact, and Tuberculosis. In addition to the guidance in Section III, grantees are required to address the questions/issues raised in the relevant sections below, and should seek to integrate the discussion of these issues into the body of their repots. Grantees that have made important contributions to scaling up their programs should be sure to review the guidelines for Expanded Impact projects, which offer more detailed guidance on questions to consider related to scaling up. A. Innovations Grantees: Contribution to Improved Program Delivery and Global Learning Operations research is a key component of innovation grants. The final report of this research must be included as an annex to the final evaluation. In addition to the final OR report, please provide a brief summary of the innovation, research questions asked, study design, key findings, how results have been used, including a discussion of the relevance of these results at the country and global levels. Also include recommendations about the innovation, whether it should be replicated, scaled-up, re-tested or terminated.
Expanded Impact programs are intended to take proven interventions or strategies to scale subnationally or nationally, attaining a broader impact by collaborating with other partners including PVOs, implementing agencies, private sector, and regional and national governments. For purposes of understanding the process of scaling up, the evaluation should go beyond discussing project results. It should provide the audience with an understanding of the individual components of the intervention and the underlying logic of how they fit together. The evaluation team should explain how project specific activities contributed to scale and what other activities and events in country also contributed. The team should assess whether all of the activities were really necessary to produce the outcomes, and to make suggestions for simplifying the model. The evaluation should also explain whether and what foundations for future scale up have been laid. In the years since the Expanded Impact grants were awarded, the global thinking and consensus around how to achieve scale has developed. Steps to achieving scale-up of an intervention or package of interventions have been more clearly delineated. These steps include: July 2011 20 Final Report Guidelines USAID/HIDN/NUT/CSHGP
1) a pre-introductory phase in which government officials and partners are unaware or uninterested to building initial consensus; 2) a second phase in which definitive decisions are made and consensus is built to motivate policy change; 3) an introduction phase that moves from motivating to implementation in which tools, guidelines, curricula, logistics and procurement are considered; 4) an early implementation where the intervention is rolled out in limited geographic areas; 5) an expansion phase that involves moving from limited implementation to expansion geographically, as well as institutionalizing and sustaining an activity. The CSHGP would like to demonstrate how Expanded Impact grantees have contributed to this body of global knowledge and experience. The questions below are to be used as a guide for this component of the final evaluation process. The goal of the questions is to elucidate the process of achieving scale in a particular context and contribute to global learning. The questions do not have to be rigidly followed, but used to explore and understand the implementation process as well as the gaps and challenges.
If others are to replicate or expand the intervention, they will need to know what the activities of the project were; how those activities were implemented; and whether the project experience suggests simpler or different ways to deliver these interventions in the future.
The evaluation team should follow the thematic flow of the Final Evaluation Guidelines, with a focus on presenting the project results as measured. These themes include organization of the intervention and human resources, community mobilization, behavior change communication, capacity building approach, health systems strengthening, policy and advocacy, sustainability, and contextual factors. However, additional guiding questions (suggested below) should also be used, as relevant and applicable, to discuss the results and the process and to offer recommendations for additional scale-up and/or replication.
Specific Expanded Impact Questions: 1. Please describe the potential opportunities that you saw for program expansion or scale up at the beginning of your project that defined your scale-up plan then e.g. existing national champions, scheduled national conferences/events, MOH policy etc 2. What were the (most significant bottlenecks to scaling up your intervention in the country? Briefly describe what the program did to address these bottlenecks. 3. To what extent has the intervention(s)/strategy been incorporated into strategy, policy, and programmatic decisions at the district level or above? Did the grantee contribute to advocacy necessary to adopt a policy change? How effective was advocacy to support scaling up and what were the lessons learned? What modifications to the intervention made/make policy adoption more likely and implementation more feasible? 4. 5. Are the steps for correctly performing the intervention(s) incorporated into service delivery guidelines? If not, where is the country in this process? Are related guidelines, tools, curricula, job aids specific to the intervention developed and approved? If not, where is the country in this process?
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6. 7. 8. 9.
Are the relevant commodities on the essential drug list? If not, where is the country in the process of ensuring consistent supply of necessary commodities? Are CHWs or the health worker cadre necessary for the intervention authorized to carry out the intervention? If not, where is the country in this process? Is the intervention tracked by indicators in the national HMIS? If not, where is the country in this process? Clearly describe the projects contribution to scaling up, and present any available evidence to demonstrate the (cost) effectiveness of the strategy. You can provide a measure of cost-effectiveness or cost-benefit in terms of the unit cost (overall cost of the intervention) over some denominator (per beneficiary, per death avoided, per population). Note: Make sure to use overall costs of the intervention and not the project. These are not the same thing! Do you have any reason to believe that costs would increase or decrease at scale? Discuss what was scaled-down to scale-up (in other words, what was simplified in order to scale up interventions) in this project, and whether this was the appropriate choice based on the lessons learned from implementation. In further scaling up this intervention, what would you recommend to be the most cost-effective package of components to be scaled up based on the evidence and capacity available? To what extent are all of the components or sub-activities needed, and which ones might be dropped with minimal loss of impact? In cases where multiple organizations partnered together to implement the project, please discuss any key lessons learned about such partnerships that would benefit such approaches in the future. As relevant, please discuss how the project utilized strategic networks or partnerships to reach beneficiaries at the district, regional, or national levels. If the intervention was adopted nationally, what percent of districts are currently covered with this intervention? As relevant, please discuss how the grantee partnered with Mission-funded bi-lateral programs to support implementation of national strategies in geographic regions that were not covered by other partners. Also, if relevant, describe how the project linked with, built upon, or created synergies with other development activities or the work of other funders or partners to expand access and coverage of its interventions. To what extent is the intervention scalable by the public health system? What kind of systems strengthening might be required to improve the likelihood of successful implementation by the public health system at scale? What are the challenges to scaling up this intervention in this context? Did the grantee strengthen the health system at the district or higher level in such a way that it has the capacity to carry out proven interventions at the same scale at which the project operated?
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
In the section described earlier on Recommendations and Conclusions, Expanded Impact projects should consider making targeted recommendations on the following topics: y y y Recommend whether the scaling up methodology used was effective in terms of reaching scale sustainably and equitably. Recommend modifications to the interventions that may make policy adoption more likely and implementation more feasible, if that has not yet occurred; Identify system strengthening interventions that could improve the likelihood of successful achievement of scale by the government system, including an assessment of the importance of the system strengthening implemented by the project.
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D. Tuberculosis Grantees Grantees should report on the monitoring indicators and benchmarks agreed upon in their DIPs, using the M&E and Workplan tables described earlier in this guidance. In addition, please discuss how, if at all, participation in the CSHGP provided an opportunity for the organization to strengthen its institutional capacity in Tuberculosis.
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V.
Required Annexes
Innovative ideas: These are practices that show creative solutions to common community health problems and may demonstrate effectiveness, but have no evidence base yet. These are ideas that a grantee may be testing and trying to further document the process for replication and the evidence of effectiveness. Promising practice: An approach, activity, or strategy that has worked within one organization and shows evidence-based promise during its early stage for becoming a best practice with long term sustainable impact. A promising practice must have some objective basis for claiming effectiveness and must have potential for replication among other organizations and in other settings. Best practice: These are practices with evidence of both effectiveness and ease of replication, and are often supported by peer reviewed literature and international standards.
Considering these definitions, please provide a one-page highlight of an innovative idea, promising practice, or best practice that is being advanced by this project, providing as much evidence as possible at the time of this report. Each highlight should include the following information: y y y y y y y The problem being addressed (e.g. low immunization coverage) A short description of the project and context, so that this highlight can be a stand alone document. The projects input to address it (technical assistance, logistics support, training, partnerships etc.) The magnitude of the intervention (number of direct beneficiaries, percentage of population covered by CSHGP, etc.) Some quantifiable or specific results (immunization increased from X% to X% in XX districts, a new policy enacted, or some other impact-oriented result). Challenges encountered and how they were overcome. How these solutions are sustainable (integrated into existing systems, aligned with existing policies or influencing new policies, institutionalization of new approaches, etc.)
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Planning y y How inclusive was the project planning process and what effect did this have on the implementation process? To what extent was the DIP work plan practical? Based on the grantees and its partners experience with this project, what could be added to the DIP preparation and review process that would have strengthened implementation? What were the gaps in the DIP and how were they addressed by the project staff?
Supervision of Project Staff y y y Was the supervisory system adequate? Is the supervisory system fully institutionalized and can it be maintained? Is there evidence that the projects approach to strengthening supervisory systems has been adopted beyond the project?
y y
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Have plans been developed to facilitate staff transition to other paying jobs at the end of the project?
Financial Management [to be completed with the field staff and lead evaluator] In this section only address broad areas of financial management, such as was there timely transfer of funds to field activities or were there enough funds to cover key activities. The following are points that can be considered.
y Discuss the adequacy of the grantees and partners financial management and accountability for project finances and budgeting. If the project budget was adjusted, explain why. Do the project implementers have adequate budgeting skills to be able to accurately estimate costs and elaborate on budgets for future programming? Are adequate resources in place to finance operations and activities that are intended to be sustained beyond this cooperative agreement? Was there sufficient outside technical assistance available to assist the grantee and its partners to develop financial plans for sustainability?
y y
Logistics
y y What impact has logistics (procurement and distribution of equipment, supplies, vehicles, etc.) had on the implementation of the project? Is the logistics system sufficiently strong to support operations and activities that are intended to be sustained?
Information Management
y y y y How effective was the system to measure progress towards project objectives? Was there a systematic way of collecting, reporting and using data at all project levels? Cite examples of how project data was used to make management or technical decisions. Is the project staff sufficiently skilled to continue collecting project data/information and to use it for project revisions or strengthening? Did the project conduct or use special assessments, mini survey focus groups, etc. to solve problems or test new approaches? Give examples of the research, use of data, and outcomes. To what extent did the project strengthen other existing data collection systems (i.e. government)? Do the project staff, headquarters staff, local level partners, and the community have a clear understanding of what the project has achieved? How have the projects monitoring and impact data been used beyond this child survival project?
y y y
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Technical and Administrative Support y y Discuss types and sources, timeliness, and utility of external technical assistance the project has received to date. What assistance did the project need that was not available? How could grantee headquarters and/or USAID better plan for the technical assistance needs of grantee projects? Discuss grantee headquarters and regional technical and managerial support of the field project. Approximately how much time has been devoted to supporting this project?
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40
50
70*
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Type of CHW
Paid or Volunteer
Focus of Training
Volunteer
1893
Counseling and CB data collection/ analysis; Management of danger signs for Hypothermia; Birth Asphyxia; LBW Supervision Technical and counseling skills re: Hypothermia; Birth Asphyxia; LBW Supervision Technical and counseling skills re: Hypothermia; Birth Asphyxia; LBW
Granteedeveloped cadre
Paid
72
Government
Paid
72
May 2011
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Annex 8: Evaluation Team Members and their Titles Annex 9: Evaluation Assessment methodology
Please include the following information: y Evaluation team scope of work, including timeline of activities y Brief descriptions of information gathering methodologies, such as: key informant interviews; focus group discussions; or facility record review y Data collection instruments, including interview guides y Names of places visited y Documents reviewed
Annex 10: List of persons interviewed and contacted during Final Evaluation Annex 11: Final operations research report (required for Innovation grants) Annex 12: Special reports (optional)
If applicable, please include special reports, journal papers, presentations or analyses produced by the project.
Annex 14: Grantee Plans to Address Final Evaluation Findings Annex 15: Grantee Response to Final Evaluation Findings (optional)
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