Analytical Methods Assignment 2

Trigonometry
1.1
a 2 + 0.6 2 = 4.2 2
a 2 + 0.36 =17 .64
a 2 =17 .28
a = 17 .28
a = 4.156 m

1.2
a 2 + 0 .4 2 = 4 .2 2
a 2 + 0.16 =17 .64
a 2 =17 .48
a = 4.18

So the top of the ladder rises:

4.18 4.156 = 0.024m

2.

20

25

50

In triangle ABC
Tan 20 =

h
x + 50

h = tan 20 ( x +50 )
h = 0.3640 ( x +50 )

In triangle ABD
h
x
h = tan 25 ( x ) = 0.4663 x
Tan 25 =

If we equate the two above equations we get:

0.3640 ( x +50 ) = 0.4663 x
0.3640 x +(0.3640 )( 50 ) = 0.4663 x
(0.3640 )( 50 ) = (0.4663 0.3640 ) x
18 .2 = 0.1023 x
x=

18 .2
=177 .908
0.1023

From triangle ABD

Height of Church Spire h = 0.4663 x =0.4663 x 177.908 = 82.959m
3.

35
C

5mm

= 180 - 90- 35= 55

BC = Tan35 x 5mm = 3.501
BA = 52 + 3.5012 = BA2 = 37.257
37 .257 = 6.103 mm

4.

X (bearing 300)

Y (bearing 20)

N
a

b
80

Port (Z)
Ship X travels 50km/hr for 15 hrs = 750km
Ship Y travels 40km/hr for 15 hrs = 600km
c 2 = a 2 +b 2 2abCosZ
c 2 = 750
562500
=922500
766170

5.1

+600

+360000
156330

2(750 600 )Cos 80

900000 0.1737
=766170

= c =875 .311 km

5000m

2500m

5000m

H3

H3

H1

H2
A

H1

H2

O
O
O
H3

H1

H2
70
O

5000
5000
= tan 50
AO =
= 4195 .5
AO
tan 50
2500
2500
= tan 45
OB =
= 2500
OB
tan45
A to B = 4195 .5 2 + 2500 2 2( 4195 .5 2500 cos 70 ) =
16677492.6 9 = 4083.81
H 3 = 4083 .81 2 + 2500

= 22927504.1 161 = 4788 .3

2500
2500
=
= 0.522
H3
4788 .3
= 0.522 Sin 1 = 31 .47

2500m

The angle of decent was 31.47.

5.2
SPEED =

DISTANCE
TIME

SPEED =

4788 .3m
= 119 .7 m / s or 430.947 kph
40 sec

6.
y

30N

55

-x

50N

-y

Force
50N
30N
Sum

x Component
50
30Cos55=17.21
67.21

y Component
0
30Sin55=24.57
24.57

R = 67 .21 2 + 24 .57 2 = 71 .56

24 .57
67 .21
24 .57
= Tan 1
= Tan
67 .21
Tan =

0.366 = 20 .102

Resultant will be of 71.56N at 20.10 from the 50N Force.

7.

c
5.5

a
2.2

c = 2.2 2 + 5.5 2 = 35 .09 = 5.92

5.5
a = tan 1
= 68 .199
2.2
=180 68 .199 =111 .801
Hence the position of point P in polar co-ordinates form is (5.92, 111.801).

8.

 = 2.27 rad

A
O
r = 6.4

x = r cos = 6.4 cos 2.27 = 4.1197

This corresponds to the length OA in the diagram.

y = r sin = 6.4 sin 2.27 = 4.898
This corresponds to the length AB in the diagram.
(6.4, 2.227) polar co-ordinates corresponds to (-4.119, 4.898) Cartesian co-ordinates.

9.1

180 = rad
1 = / 180 rad
c

30 = 30
= 0.524 rad
180

9.2
c

90 = 90
= 1.571 rad
180

9.3
rad =180
1rad =180 /

180
1
rad =
= (180 ) = 60
3
3
3

9.4
180
0.838 rads = 0.838
= 48 .014

10.
Linear velocity = v
v = 108km/h x 1000 = 108000m/hr
=

108000
= 30 m / s
3600

Radius of wheel = r
80
= 40 cm = 0.4m
2

r=

Angular velocity =
=

v 30
=
= 75 rad / s
r 0.4

Meaning angular speed = n =

n=

75
= 11 .937 rev / s
2

11 .937 60 = 716 .220 rpm

10.2
t=

s
2700 m
=
= 90 sec s
v 30 m / s

No of revolution s R = n t = 716 .220 1.5 = 1074 .33

Over a distance of 2.7km the wheel will revolve 1074.33 times.

11.
Cos

( 0.678 ) =132 .69

Cosine is positive in the first and fourth quadrant.

Therefore the solutions of Cos-1(-0.678), in the range 0 to 360 are:
132.68 and 227.32 (360 - 47.312)

12.1.
Amplitude = 100V

Angular Velocity, = 200

Hence periodic time,
2
2
1
=
=

200 100
= 0.01s or 10 ms

T =

Frequency, f =

Phase angle

1
1
=
= 100 Hz
T
0.01

180

rad = 0.785 rad = 0.785

= 45 Lagging v = 100 Sin (200 t)

12.2.
v = 100 Sin ( 0 + 0.785 rad
=100 Sin ( 45 )
= 70 .71V

12.3.
5

v = 100 Sin 200 3 + 0.785

10

= 100 Sin ( 3.92659 rad ) = 100 Sin 224 .977

= 70 .68V

12.4.

When v = 50 then 50 =100Sin(200 t +

Sin (200 t +
200 t +

) = 0. 5

= Sin 1 0.5 =

5
6

5
1 5 1
= 200 t + = = 200 t
6
4 6 4
7
= 200 t = 0.583 = 200 t
12
t = 2.92 10 3

13.1.
Voltage = 141.4V (rms). So the maximum value or amplitude is:
If the fundamental frequency is 200Hz then angular velocity
= 2f = 2200 = 400 Rads/s
Hence fundamental voltage of V = 200sin(400t)
The third harmonic component has an amplitude equal to 40% of 200
i.e. 80.
13.2.

300

The data used for this graph can be found on the next page.
Spreadsheet Formula
A1 = Time
B1 = Fundamental Voltage = 200*SIN(400*PI()*A3*0.001)
C1 = Third Harmonic = 80*SIN(1200*PI()*A3*0.001+PI()/4)
D1 = Fifth Harmonic = 40*SIN(2000*PI()*A3*0.001-PI()/3)
E1 = Total Voltage = B3+C3+D3

Time
(ms)

Fundamental
voltage

Third
Harmonic

56.56854249

0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6

25.06664671
49.73797743
73.62491054
96.35073482
117.5570505
136.9094212

0.7

154.1026486

0.8

168.8655851

0.9

180.9654105

190.2113033

1.1

196.4574501

1.2

199.6053457

1.3

199.6053457

1.4
1.5
1.6

196.4574501
190.2113033
180.9654105

73.42037005
79.96052483
75.27046152
60.00888557
36.31923998
7.528665065
22.31928848
49.03256429
68.85936216
79.01506725
78.07334096
66.16644594
44.96667023
17.45145931
12.5147572
40.72331326

1.7

168.8655851

63.21240099

1.8

154.1026486

76.82349485

1.9

136.9094212

79.64495717

117.5570505

71.28052194

2.1
2.2

96.35073482
73.62491054

2.3

49.73797743

2.4

25.06664671

2.5

-6.43149E-14

2.6
2.7

-25.06664671
-49.73797743

52.90494923
27.09903362
2.512860726
31.77183125
56.56854249
73.42037005
-

Fifth
Harmonic
34.64101615
16.26946572
8.316467633
29.72579302
39.78087581
34.64101615
16.26946572
8.316467633
29.72579302
39.78087581
34.64101615
16.26946572

Total
Voltage
21.92752634
82.21755104
138.0149699
178.6211651
196.1404962
188.5173066
160.707552
123.4668924
90.10722779
72.32517252
76.55521986
102.1146435

8.316467633 141.7553674
29.72579302 184.3644685
39.78087581
34.64101615
16.26946572
8.316467633
29.72579302
39.78087581
34.64101615
16.26946572
8.316467633

218.7868666
237.3670766
237.9581895
223.7615185
201.2003504
176.7735025
154.1965562
132.9862183
109.0404118

29.72579302 76.95090973
39.78087581 33.07569128
34.64101615 -21.9275263
16.26946572 -82.217551
-138.01497

2.8

-73.62491054

2.9

-96.35073482

-117.5570505

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6

-136.9094212
-154.1026486
-168.8655851
-180.9654105
-190.2113033
-196.4574501

79.96052483
75.27046152
60.00888557
36.31923998
7.528665065
22.31928848
49.03256429
68.85936216
79.01506725
78.07334096

3.7

-199.6053457

66.16644594

3.8

-199.6053457

44.96667023

3.9

-196.4574501

17.45145931

-190.2113033

4.1

-180.9654105

4.2

-168.8655851

4.3

-154.1026486

4.4

-136.9094212

4.5

-117.5570505

4.6

-96.35073482

4.7

-73.62491054

-12.5147572
40.72331326
63.21240099
76.82349485
79.64495717
71.28052194
52.90494923
27.09903362

4.8

-49.73797743

4.9

-25.06664671

1.2863E-13

8.316467633
29.72579302
39.78087581
34.64101615
16.26946572
8.316467633
29.72579302
39.78087581
34.64101615
16.26946572
8.316467633
29.72579302
39.78087581
34.64101615
16.26946572

-178.621165
-196.140496
-188.517307
-160.707552
-123.466892
-90.1072278
-72.3251725
-76.5552199
-102.114643
-141.755367
-184.364468
-218.786867
-237.367077
-237.958189

8.316467633 -223.761518
29.72579302 -201.20035
39.78087581 -176.773503
34.64101615 -154.196556

16.26946572
8.316467633
2.512860726 29.72579302
31.77183125 39.78087581
56.56854249 34.64101615

-132.986218
-109.040412
-76.9509097
-33.0756913
21.92752634

14)
If Cos 2 = Cos 2 Sin 2
And Cos 2 + Sin 2 = 1
Then:
Cos 2 = 1 Sin 2
Cos 2 = (1 Sin 2 ) Sin 2
Cos 2 =1 + 2 Sin 2
(1 Cos 2)

= Sin 2
2

This equation is useful with integrating when calculating RMS values.

15)
0 to 360

5Sin 2 x + 3Sin x = 4

Rearranging the equation to make the answer equal to zero

would give me:

5Sin 2 x +3Sin x 4 = 0

Now that the equation is in this format I can easily apply the quadratic
formula:
So: a = 5, b = 3 and c = -4

Sinx =

3 3 2 4(5 4)
3 9.433
=
2 5
10

+ Sinx = 0.6433
- Sinx = -1.2433
Therefore the values in the range 0 to 360 are:
X = 40038 and 139962

16)

0 2

Sin =
6

5Sin = 8Cos
6

8 cos
5

Sin ( A B ) = SinACosB
Sin (

) = Sin Cos

Sin

Cos

Sin
Cos =1.6Cos
6
6
Sin 0.866 0.5Cos =1.6Cos
So

Sin Cos

SinBCosA

Tan 0.866 0.5 =1.6

Tan 0.866 =1.6 + 0.5 = 2.1
2.1
= 2.425
0.866
= 67 .59
Tan =

=1.18 rad or 4.32 rad

17.1)
7.8Sin (t ) +5.5Cos (t ) = RSin (t +)
= R[ Sin (tCos +Cos (t ) Sin )]
= ( RCos ) Sin (t ) +( RSin )Cos (t )

Equating co-efficients:
7.8
R
5.5
Sin =
R
Cos =

7.8 2 +5.5 2 = 9.544

so ,
7.8Sin (t ) +5.5Cos (t ) = 9.544 Sin (t +)
RSin = 5.5
RCos = 7.8
Tan =

5.5
7.8

= 0.614 radians

7.8Sin (t ) + 5.5Cos (t ) = 9.544 Sin (t + 0.614 )

17.2)

0 2

5.5Cos t + 7.8 Sin t = 4.5

9.544 Sin (t + 0.614 ) = 4.5 = Sin ( t + 0.614 ) =

t = Sin

4.5

0.614
9.544

t = 0.491 0.614 ,
Therefore the answers could be ;
1)t = 0.491 0.641
2)t = 0.491 0.614 ,
3)t = 2 + 0.491 0.614 ,
4)t =3 0.491 0.614
this gives
= (1) 0.123 , (2) 2.037 , (3) 6.16 , (4) 8.319
within 0 2
t has two solutions =116 .712 352.942

4.5
= t + 0.614 = Sin
9.544

4.5

9.544