Terms: Brain Anatomy Slides Courtesy of Dr. Maria Rubio

10/14/2011
Learning Outcomes: Using the companion Neuroanatomy handout (outline XIV), the student will be able to: Describe the anatomy of the spinal cord List the ascending and descending fiber tracts within the spinal cord Describe the structure of a nerve Describe the major nerve plexuses List the structures making up the brainstem and diencephalon Describe the functions of each brain stem and diencephalon structure Describe the function of the cerebellum Describe the structure of the cerebral hemispheres Correlate lobes of brain with function List function for each cranial nerve Describe the blood-brain barrier
BrainAnatomySlidescourtesyofDr.MariaRubio
Terms
CNS
Mostsynapses (Someoutlying ( y g
synapsesinganglia)
PNS
Sensorydivision

Somatic Visceral Somatic Autonomic(visceral)
MotorDivision

10/14/2011
Terms
Nerve Collectionofaxonsin PNS Nervefiber Usuallyreferstoaxons Neuron Wholenervecell ConnectiveTissue
Sheathes Sh th
Surroundindividual
neurons,groupsof neurons,andwhole nerves

3
GeneralRule:Thefunctionalandanatomicalorganizationof sensoryprocessingnetworksishierarchical
3rd order neuron
2nd order neuron
1st order neuron
10/14/2011
GrossAnatomyoftheSpinalCord
SpinalNerves:
8Cervicalnerves
Neck,shoulder,arms
andhands 12Thoracicnerves Shoulders,chest, andupperabdomen 5lumbarnerves Lowerabdomen, hipsandlegs 5sacralnerves Genitalsandlower digestivetract
See Figure 12-1
Figure 13-2
GrossAnatomyoftheSpinalCord
CrossSection: Graymatter
Grayduetocellbodies InCNS,graymatteralso=
synapses WhiteMatter Whiteduetomyelin;=axons (bothmyelinatedand unmyelinated) DorsalHorn VentralHorn VentralRoot DorsalRoot Cellbodiesofunipolar sensoryneurons Nosynapses DorsalRootGanglion
10/14/2011
Sectional Anatomyofthe SpinalCord
Note functional organization of gray matter
See Figure 12-2, 3, 4
DorsalColumns Fasciculuscuneatus Fasciculusgracilis Anterolateralcolumns E.g.,spinothalamictracts S i Spinocerebellartracts b ll t t
Fiber Tracts: Ascending (Sensory) Tracts

Note functional organization of WHITE matter
10/14/2011
Fiber Tracts: Descending (Motor) Tracts

VentromedialSystem y Reticulospinal Vestibulospinal Tectospinal AnteriorCorticospinal DorsolateralSystem Rubrospinal LateralCorticospinal
Pyramidal;extrapyramidal terminologyisoutdated!
Spinal Nerves Peripheral Nerve Structure
10/14/2011
Dermatomes
See Figure 12.8
NervePlexuses
Cervicalplexus Brachialplexus Lumbosacralplexus
See Figure 12.10
10/14/2011
SlidescourtesyofDr. MariaRubio
Sagittal Plane
Coronal Plane
10/14/2011
Brainstem
Brainstem
Medulla Pons Midbran
Rigidly programmed, automatic behaviors
See Figure 13.6
Posterior View
Medulla Centers for cardiovascular and respiratory regulation Cranial nerve nuclei n l i
Medulla
Pons Cranial nerve nuclei, tracts Reticular formation
Reticular formation
Pons
10/14/2011
Midbrain Superior Colliculus Eye / Head orientation movements Inferior Colliculus Tracts, nuclei Reticular formation
Midbrain
RETICULAR FORMATION > 100 Nuclei Extends throughout brainstem
Receives info from all over brain Projects throughout brain
Cerebellum
Cerebellar peduncles Receives visual, vestibular, proprioceptive input spinocerebellar tracts Functions include coordination
See Figure 13-15
10/14/2011
(Brainstem and) Diencephalon
Posterior View
Diencephalon
Thalamus
Sensory relay center
Hypothalamus
Homeostasis
10
10/14/2011
Thalamus
Sagittal
Coronal
Hypothalamus
Sagittal
Coronal
Autonomic Functions
11
10/14/2011
Cerebral Hemispheres
Superior View
Anterior View
Lateral View
Ventral View
Posterior View
Superior View
12
10/14/2011
Anterior View
Posterior View
13
10/14/2011
Cortex: Correlate Lobes with Function
ridges Shallow separation Frontal

emotion
Motor, speech, personality, Frontal lobotomies
Parietal Somatosensory cortex, voluntary movement Occipital Vision Temporal Hearing, balance, visual processing
See Figure 13-1
Lateral View
14
10/14/2011
White Fiber Tracts

Projection fibers Commisural fibers Association fibers
15
10/14/2011
Human Brain: coronal sections

Frontal
Caudal
Nuclei important in motor
Basal Ganglia
control
Caudate, putamen, globus
pallidus ll d Subthalamic nuclei, substantia nigra
16
10/14/2011
Internal Capsule
Between
putamen-globus pallidus and thalamus Major projection of fibers to/from cortex Common CVA (stroke) site
Rhinencephalon
Phylogenetically
ancient cortex
Fornix
Olfactory bulb + tract Limbic system

Amygdala Hippocampus
17
10/14/2011
Limbic System
Emotional brain Shape of a ring p g
(around diencephalon)
Corpus Callosum: connects cerebral hemispheres (with commisural fibers)
Cerebral Hemispheres: Frontal section at a:
Gray matter (cell bodies in CNS, also SYNAPSES) White matter (axons)
18
10/14/2011
Cerebellum and Brainstem (section at b):

Gray matter (cell bodies + synapses) White matter (axons)
Medulla (lower brainstem; section at c):

19
10/14/2011
Spinal Cord (section at d):
Cranial Nerves
See lecture outline for functions of each.
Ventral View
20
10/14/2011
Ventricles (with CSF)
Research Martin Styner
Brain Ventricles
See Figure 13-3
21
10/14/2011
Cranial Meninges
See Figure 13-2
Cranial Meninges
Dura mater
Arachnoid
Arachnoid Pia mater
22
10/14/2011
SpinalMeninges
See Figure 12.2
Figure 133
23
10/14/2011
Vascularization
The major arterial supply to the brain

Middle CerebralA. CerebralA Posterior CerebralA.
Anterior CerebralA.
InternalCarotidA.
VertebralA.
24
10/14/2011
Circle of Willis
See Figure 13.5
collateral circulation
Anterior cerebral art.
Middle cerebral art.
Posterior cerebral art.
25

Terms: Brain Anatomy Slides Courtesy of Dr. Maria Rubio

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originalbeschreibung:

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Terms: Brain Anatomy Slides Courtesy of Dr. Maria Rubio

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

10/14/2011

Somatic Visceral Somatic Autonomic(visceral)

neurons,groupsof neurons,andwhole nerves

2nd order neuron

1st order neuron

Sectional Anatomyofthe SpinalCord

Note functional organization of gray matter

See Figure 12-2, 3, 4

DorsalColumns Fasciculuscuneatus Fasciculusgracilis Anterolateralcolumns E.g.,spinothalamictracts S i Spinocerebellartracts b ll t t

Fiber Tracts: Ascending (Sensory) Tracts

Fiber Tracts: Descending (Motor) Tracts

Spinal Nerves Peripheral Nerve Structure

See Figure 12.8

See Figure 12.10

Rigidly programmed, automatic behaviors

See Figure 13.6

Receives info from all over brain Projects throughout brain

See Figure 13-15

(Brainstem and) Diencephalon

Cortex: Correlate Lobes with Function

ridges Shallow separation Frontal

Motor, speech, personality, Frontal lobotomies

See Figure 13-1

White Fiber Tracts

Human Brain: coronal sections

Nuclei important in motor

Caudate, putamen, globus

pallidus ll d Subthalamic nuclei, substantia nigra

Olfactory bulb + tract Limbic system

Emotional brain Shape of a ring p g

Corpus Callosum: connects cerebral hemispheres (with commisural fibers)

Cerebral Hemispheres: Frontal section at a:

Cerebellum and Brainstem (section at b):

Medulla (lower brainstem; section at c):

Spinal Cord (section at d):

Gray matter (cell bodies + synapses) White matter (axons)

See lecture outline for functions of each.

Ventricles (with CSF)

Research Martin Styner

See Figure 13-3

See Figure 13-2

Arachnoid Pia mater

See Figure 12.2

The major arterial supply to the brain

Anterior cerebral art.

Middle cerebral art.

Posterior cerebral art.

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen