Radha Govind Group of Institutions, Meerut

Faculty Name: Mohd. Arif Siddique / Himanshu garg Subject Code: ECS-402 Course: B.Tech. (CS) IV Semester Subject Name: DBMS Assignment 1
1. What do you mean by database management system? Explain the purpose of database system? 2. Explain the main differences between a file-processing system & a DBMS? 3. Differentiate between a DBMS and RDBMS? 4. Explain the various levels of data abstraction? 5. Explain in detail, instances & schema? 6. Describe different types of data models? 7. What is meant by database languages? Explain its types? 8. Write short note on the process of transaction management? 9. Explain the various functions of a database administrator? 10. Explain in detail the various database users?

Assignment 2 1. List the various steps that would be taken by you in setting up a database for a
particular enterprise? Write down the various functional components of a database system? Explain the various notions associated with E-R data model? Write down the basic issues related to E-R database schema? Explain the following terms: Mapping cardinalities, Existence dependencies? Discuss briefly the conventions for displaying an ER Schema as an ER diagram? Explain the difference between a weak & strong entity set? What is the difference between Specialization and Generalization with respect to database? 9. Explain the concept of Super Key? 10. Describe the reduction of the E-R schema to tabular representation? 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Assignment 3
1. Define the concept of aggregation. Give two examples of where this concept is used? 2. Construct an E-R diagram for a hospital with a set of patients and a set of medical doctors. Associate with each patient a log of various tests and examinations conducted? 3. Explain the distinctions between primary key and candidate key? 4. Consider the following relational database: employee (employee-name, street, city) works (employee-name, company-name, salary) company (company-name, city) manages (employee-name, manager-name) For each of the following queries, give the expression in relational algebra, the tuple relational calculus and the domain relational calculus: Find the names of all the employees who work for First Bank Corporation.

Find the names and cities of residence of all employees who work for the First Bank Corporation. Find the names, street address and cities of residence of all employees who work for First Bank Corporation and earn more than $10,000 per annum. Find the names of all employees who live in the same city as the company for which they work. Find the names of all employees who live in the same city and on the same street as do their managers.

5. Consider the following database where the primary keys are underlined. person (ss#, name, address) car (license ,year, model) accident (date, driver ,damage-amount) owns (ss#,license) log (license, date, driver) Construct the following SQL queries for this relational database: (a) Find the total number of people whose cars were involved in accidents in 1989. (b) Find the number of accidents in which cars belonging to John Smith were involved. (c) Add a new customer to the database. (d) Delete the Mazda belonging to John Smith. (e) Add a new accident record for the Toyota belonging to Jones. 6. Consider the relational database : employee (employee-name, street, city) works (employee-name, company-name, salary) company (company-name, city) manages (employee-name, manager-name) Construct the following SQL queries for this relational database: Modify the database so that Jones now lives in Newtown. Give all employees of First Bank Corporation a 10 percent raise. Give all managers of First Bank Corporation a 10 percent raise. Give all managers of First Bank Corporation a 10 percent raise unless the salary becomes greater than $ 100,000; in such cases, give only a 3 percent raise. Delete all the tuple in the works relation for employees of Small Bank Corporation. 7. Give an SQL schema definition for the employee database given below: employee (employee-name, street, city) works (employee-name, company-name, salary) company (company-name, city) manages (employee-name, manager-name) Choose an appropriate domain for each attribute and an appropriate primary key for each relation schema.

8. What is the difference between Specialization and Generalization with respect to database? Explain with example. 9. Explain the difference between weak and strong entity set? 10. What do you mean by lossless-join decomposition? Assignment 4
1. What do you mean by database management system?

Explain the purpose of database system?

2. system & a DBMS? 3. abstraction? 4. 5. suitable example? 6. 7. 8.

Explain the main differences between a file-processing What is data abstraction? Explain the various levels of data Explain the deferent types of data models? What are differences between DDL and DML with Explain the difference between weak and strong entity set? Write short note on distributed database. Which of the following schedules is (conflict) serializable?

For each serializable schedule, determine the equivalent serial schedules.

(a) (b) (c) (d)

9. 10.

r1 (X); r3 (X); w1(X); r2(X); w3(X) r1 (X); r3 (X); w3(X); w1(X); r2(X) r3 (X); r2 (X); w3(X); r1(X); w1(X) r3 (X); r2 (X); r1(X); w3(X); w1(X)
Define view serializability. Define serial and parallel schedule.

Assignment 5
1. Consider the three transactions T1, T2, and T3, and the

schedules S1 and S2 given below. Draw the serializibility (precedence) graphs for S1 and S2 and state whether each schedule is serializable or not. If a schedule is serializable, write down the equivalent serial schedule(s).

T1: r1(x); r1(z); w1(x) T2: r2(z); r2(y); w2(z); w2(y) T3: r3(x); r3(y); w3(y) S1: r1(x); r2(z); r1(x); r3(x); r3(y); w1(x); w3(y); r2(y); w2(z); w2(y) S2: r1(x); r2(z); r3(x); r1(z); r2(y); r3(y); w1(x); w2(z); w3(y); w2(y)
2. Prove that the basic two-phase locking protocol guarantees

conflict serializability of schedules. (Hint: Show that, if a serializability graph for a schedule has a cycle, then at least one of the transactions participating in the schedule does not obey the two-phase locking protocol.) 3. 4. 5. 6. deadlock. 7. 8. 9. 10. What is log? Explain log based recovery? Write short note on checkpoints. What is recoverable schedule? Explain multi version schemes. Define time stamping protocol for concurrency control. Explain multiple granularities. Define validation based protocol for concurrency control. What is deadlock? Discuss various techniques of handling