Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
To understand what actually happen To identify problems and key issues To conceptualize future framework
Overview
Flood scenario
Flood damage
Social Sector
Population Households Deaths Temples cultural sites Evacuee Shelters Schools
Bangkok Others
Flood damage
Economic Sectors
Agriculture Inundated farmland Industry
Inundated Industrial Estate Factories (only Industrial Estate) Workers
Tourism
Estimated losses
Rainfall record
mm
Reservoir Operation
The 2011 operation rule curve of Bhumibol Dam compares with the previous year rule curves
200
Max (avg)
NOCK-TEN
10,000
50%
100
HAIMA
5,000
Min 50 2,500
1-Jan
1-Feb 1-Mar
Release
1-Apr
1-May
1-Jun
1-Jul
1-Aug
1-Sep
1-Oct
1-Nov
1-Dec
Min
Inflow
Storage
Upper Curve
Lower Curve
Storage, MM
150
7,500
7,000
Lower Rule Curve
Min
1-Jan
1-Feb 1-Mar
2011
1-Apr
2010
1-May
1-Jun
1-Jul
2008
1-Aug
1-Sep
2007
1-Oct
1-Nov
1-Dec
Lower Curve
2009
Upper Curve
The 2011 operation rule curve of Sirikit Dam compares with the previous year rule curves
Flood Diversion
A sample of water diversion scheme for central and lower Chao Phraya River Basin
Ayutthaya (C29)
Locations of gauge station along Chao Phraya River at Nakorn Sawan (C2), Sing Buri (C3), and Ayutthaya (C29) province
30
16 Sep
Nakorn Sawan (26.3 m)
13 Oct
28 Oct
25
Water Level, MSL (m)
20
15 Singburi (11.7 m) 10
23 Oct 5 Sep
15 Nov
25 Oct
5 Ayutthaya (3.04 m)
24 Sep
31 Nov
0 01-Aug-11
01-Sep-11
01-Oct-11 Date
01-Nov-11
01-Dec-11
Water level record of Chao Phraya River at Nakorn Sawan, Sing Buri, and Ayutthaya province
Date
Tidal record at the Royal Thai Navy Station during July to December, 2011
How responsive ?
Government response
Name of Committee Responsibility Establishment date 1 National Committee on Floods, Tropical Storm and Mudslides - Oversee and manage national disasters due to floods, tropical storms and mudslides - Preparedness, prevention, response and recovery of all the major phases of disaster management 2 Twenty Five River Basin National Joint-Committee 3 Flood relief committee (the structural, economic, and social subcommittee) 4 Flood Recovery and Restoration Committee - replacement of the flood recovery and restoration committee - to corrordinate the flood relief management for structural, economic, industrial, and peoples livelihoods and quality of life 5 Public Communication Committee - to improve public information on flood disaster to Thai people 4-Nov-11 4-Nov-11 - support national water management and flood warning systems - assist the affected populations from flood disaster 14-Sep-11 12-Oct-11 25-Aug-11
6 Strategic Committee for Reconstruction and Future Development (SCRF) 7 Strategic Committee for Water Resources Management (SCWRM)
10-Nov-11
10-Nov-11
Analytical Observation
Practice approach Diverse roles and responsibilities Coordination Public Communication Public risk perception Preparedness
Lessons to be Learned
Structure aspect Non-structure aspect
Structure aspects
Highway/ road Bridge Sluice gate Flood wall/ Bearier King dyke Canal system/ water way
Kings dyke
Elevation of Kings dyke and flood protection dykes for Bangkok and vicinities
Example photos of sand bag and temporary earth embankment along kings dyke.
Two opening were found along kings dyke, leading water flow into the city and northern Bangkok was flooded.
Canal network
Canal dreging
Summary
Abnormal rainfall due to the contribution of four tropical storms and one typhoon is the main cause of the 2011 Thailand worst flood. Change of land use pattern, filling up of wetlands and lack of town planning increase surface runoff and retard flood water flow. Inappropriate planning and improper engineering design of infrastructure without consideration of natural water flow pattern further complicated flood management by obstructing flow of surface runoff.
Public awareness and culture of preparedness with respect to disaster risks are indispensible. Maintenance of natural and city drainage system is essential for effective flood management. Community participation and civil society involvement are indispensable.
Observation
Climate change creates more uncertainty in weather prediction change, in perception and practice of all concerned agencies, including decision makers A comprehensive flood management plan to cope with extreme flooding condition is called for, however, it is essential not only to strike for a balance between hard engineering and soft engineering , but also to go out of the water box to recognized the governance issue as demanded by forces of economic and urbanization
Natures possess powerful force and are at a time delegate to deal with, may be learn to live with nature is a better option than to overcome nature. Therefore a recognition of limits to engineering , but also of community resilience are called for With the flooding problem becoming more complicate, exercise of common sense and local knowledge may simplify an acceptable solution. In this sense , attention to conflict management and broader platform of learning among stakeholder are essential