Stull, 2000: Meteorology for Scientists and Engineers.

- ERRATA

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Errata for Textbook

Stull, 2000: Meteorology for Scientists & Engineers (2nd Edition, Printings 1-3)
Chapter 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Appendices Index

Chapter 1 p21, col 1, S6, line 1: add period after eq "eq."

Chapter 2 p24, col 2, solved ex, parag 1: "geostationary satellites" should be boldface. p39, col 2, line 1: insert period after vs "vs." p40, col 1, N21, line 2: insert period after vs "vs." p42, col 2, S9, line 2: "...and if a vertical path length..."

Chapter 3 p44, col 1, eq (3.3), change denominator "m water" to "delta m water", and also change in the sentence just before eq (3.3). p44, col 2, solved example. Hints: density liq water = approx 1000 kg/m3 approx. Given: density liq water = approx 1000 kg/m3 p46, col 2, eq (3.7). Should be deltaT/T = (R/Cp)*(deltaP/P) p53, col 1, eq (3.23). In denominator only, change thetavML to TvML. Also, after that eq, add a sentence that: "To good approximation, the denominator in (3.23) can be approximated by thetavML." p55, col 1, eq (3.31). On right hand side of eq, change both negative signs to positive signs. p55, col 2, after eq (3.33a) density liq water = 1000 kg/m3 approx. p55, col 2, after eq (3.33b). a = 0.33 K / (mm of rain) p56, col 1, solved example. In the "use eq" lines, replace 0.338 (K/mm) with 0.33 (K/mm), and change the final answer to 0.00046 K m s-1. p62, col 1. Need to add "N" problems for eqs 3.22, 3.23, 3.24, 3.25: N18. Find the effective kinematic heat flux at the surface on a calm day, for WB = 50 m/s, Theta(sfc) = 45 C, and Theta(ML) = 25 C. N19. For dry air, find the buoyancy velocity scale, given Theta(sfc) = 45 C, and Theta(ML) = 25 C, zi = 1 km. N20. For dry air, find the Deardorff velocity w*, for an effective kinematic heat flux at the surface of 0.2 K m/s, zi = 1.5 km, and T = 30 C. N21. Find the value of vertical divergence of kinematic heat flux, if the fluxes at the top and bottom of a 200 m thick layer are 0.10 and 0.12 K m/s, respectively.

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Chapter 4 p65, col 2, Explanation, parag 1, line 3: "...stability; Chapter 6 gives..." p66, col 1, line 3: "...from Chapter 3. Let the ..." p77, Fig 4.19, Vertical axis: Move symbol "M" up next to arrowhead. p80, col 1, solved ex, given, line 3: "...from Table 4-1 for an orchard" p90, col 2, N12, line 2: add period after vs "vs."

Chapter 5 p107, col 1, eq (5.31a), add "(rT)" to the end of both terms in the numerator of the right hand side. p112, col 1, solved ex, line 7 from bottom: should be "(0.005 g/g)", not (0.005 g/kg) p112, col 1, solved ex, line 4 from bottom: should be "...(2415 K gair/gwater)(0.040 gwater/gair)..." p114, col 2, N12, line 4. Delete the question: "What is its temperature?" p116, col 2, U20, line 2: in the last eq on that line, add subscript "zi" after the delta symbol, to indicate the jump of potential temperature across the top of the mixed layer.

Chapter 6 p125, col 2, solved ex, last line before check: units for Td should be degrees C. p139, col 1, exercise N10. Add this hint after part a: (Hint: The buoyancy force in eq 6.2a must be based on a virtual temperature difference AT THE SAME ALTITUDE OR PRESSURE. Thus, you must find the new temperature and virtual temperature of the air parcel at its new location, before you use it in this eq. This complexity is avoided if you use eq 6.2b instead.) p139, col 1, exercise U1. Change first line to be: Why does the humidity of an unsaturated, rising air parcel...

Chapter 7 p156, col 1, exercise U2a. Change the first sentence to be: Using the straight line and dots plotted in Fig 7.4c, use a centimeter rule to count the number of non-overlapping successive 1 cm segments that contain dots.

Chapter 8 p166, col 1, line 5 after eq (8.10b). Insert an additional paragraph: The mixing ratio gradient is (delta r) / (delta x). This is related to the supersaturation gradient (delta S) / (delta x) by: (delta r) / (delta x) = (delta [(1+S)*rsat]) / (delta x) = approx. rsat * (delta S) / (delta x), where rsat is the saturation mixing ratio over a flat water surface. For this expression, the supersaturation fraction is defined as: S = [(r actual) / (rsat) ] - 1 ....eq (8.3c). p167, col 1, solved example: Questions: Find and plot drop radius vs. time for diffusive growth,

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for the same conditions as the previous solved example. Assume 1% supersaturation. Solution: line 6: r(saturation) = 1.8 g/kg = 0.0018 kg/kg from thermo diagram Fig 6.12. But supersaturation S = 1% = 0.01 = [r(infinity )/ r(saturation)] - 1. Thus, r(infinity) = [1+S] * r (saturation) = 1.01*(0.0018 kg/kg) = 0.00182 kg/kg. Using this instead of 0.002 kg/kg to solve for c gives c = 0.0022 . Thin, in the last line in column 1, change the eq. to be R = (approx) 0.0022*[...]. p167, col 2, solved example continued. The curve in the figure should be 95.6% lower, based on the previous correction. p170, col 1, eq (8.19): The w1 factor is missing. Eq should be: "w = -c[wo - w1*exp((Ro-R)/R1)], where w1 = 1 m/s." p171, Fig 8.11 caption: Add the phrase: Rainfall rate RR = 10 mm/h. p171, col 2, solved example: Multiply the numerator of the RHS of the equation by 1000 kgair*m*s-2 / kPa. p172, col 1, line 3 above Figure. Add new last sentence to this paragraph: The relationship given by equations such as (8.26) is called a "Z-R" relationship. p172, col 2, solved example: In the "Check" line, change figure number to "Fig 8.12." p174, col 1, exercise N13, line 2. Add at end of this line: Given T = -20 deg C, P = 80 kPa. p174, col 2, exercise N20. Add to end of sentence: ", given P = 70 kPa."

Chapter 9 p186, col 1, last full line before figure 9.4. Change left parenthesis "(" to comma "," p188, col 1, eqs (9.8c & d). Change "g" to "|g|" . Also in 3rd line after eq (9.8d), and in solved example at end of that column. p189, col 1, eqs (9.20a & b). Change "g" to "|g|" . Also in solved example in column 2. p190, col 1, Fig 9.9. In 3rd sentence of caption, change "Thin lines are height contours." to "Thick lines are height contours." p200, col 2, exercise N20. Add to the end of the first sentence: ", but only for wind speeds within the valid range for that equation." p201, col 1, U5, line 1: Change "eq.s" to "eqs."

Chapter 10 .

Chapter 11 p225, col 2, Beyond Algebra box, middle parag. Change 2nd sentence to be: "The total change in latitude to circumnavigate the earth from north pole past south pole and back to north pole is 2 pi radians..." p227, col 1, On Doing Science, line 9 from bottom. Change "in the last chapter" to "in Chapter 18". p243, col 2, parag 1, first 2 lines. Change it to be: "The preceding sections laid the groundwork to explain why Coriolis force causes three latitude-bands of"

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Chapter 12 p254, col 1, solved example, first parag, line 3: change divergence to 10^-5 s^-1 (i.e., to 0.00001 1/s). p254, col 1, solved example, Solution: Given: change beta = 10^-5 s^-1 (i.e., to 0.00001 1/s). p266, col 2: change the box around the Beyond Algebra box to a double line box. p276, col 2, exercise U18. Replace this sentence with: Draw new figures (a) - (d) similar to (a) (d) in Figs 12.11 or 12.12, but for an occluded front.

Chapter 13 p296, col 2, equation (13.26). On the right hand side in the numerator, replace the first "1" with "a". Also, in the sentence after that equation, add the phrases: "a = 10^(-6) km/mm, Lv/Cp = 2500 K kg(air) kg(liq)^(-1) ,". Also in that sentence, change the delta z phrase to be "delta z is the column depth in km". p296, col 2, sentence after equation (13.27). After the comma, add the phrase " RR should be converted to units of m/h rainfall rate, " p296, col 2, last line. Eliminate the negative sign. p297, col 1, solved example, lines 4 and 5 after the headding Solution: insert a negative sign to the right of the = sign in both equations. Namely, the answer should be negative. p306, col 2, exercise N8. Replace the first sentence with: "Suppose that at one location, the Ucomponent of geostrophic wind increases with a gradient of 5 m/s per 100 km of distance northward. However, at another location that is 400 km north of the first location, the wind speed decreases with a gradient of 3 m/s per 100 km of distance northward." p307, col 1, exercise N14. Start the first sentence with: "For Fig 13.7, calculate the speed difference..." p307, col 1, exercise N17. Add sentence: "Assume that the jet stream (and the jet streak) is zonal." p307, col 2, exercise N22. Add sentence: "Assume the depth of the cloudy portion of air is 6 km, and use an average air density of 0.9 kg/m^3." p308, col 1, exercise U7. Replace with: "U7. Use the case study weather maps in Figs 13.21 to calculate as many terms as reasonably possible in the vorticity tendency equation, on the 50 kPa isobaric surface at the location of the X."

Chapter 14 p312, col 2, parag 4. Add last sentence: "Model numerics are also known as model dynamics". p314, col 2. Every reference to horizontal "resolution", change to horizontal "grid spacing". p317, col 1, parag 2, line 2. "...finite time of a few microseconds." p317, col 1, parag 2, last line. "...accumulates to take minutes to hours." p317, col 2, last line: Change "Lewy" to "Levy". p326, col 1, eq (14.15). Use absolute values for all |delta Fx| , |delta Vx|, etc. p328 and p336. Exchange the Grafitto boxes between those two pages, so that the "butterfly" grafitti box is moved to page 328.

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Chapter 15 p339, col 1, sentence after eq (15.2b). "CAPE is used by meteorologists to estimate the possible intensity of thunderstorms, as shown in Table 15-1." And add a new table on this page: Table 15-1. Storm intensity vs. CAPE. CAPE below 0: Stable (no thunderstorms). CAPE = 0 to 1000: Marginally unstable (weak thunderstorms). CAPE = 1000 to 2500: Moderately unstable (moderate thunderstorms). CAPE = 2500 to 3500: Very unstable (strong thunderstorms). CAPE above 3500-4000: Extremely unstable (violent thunderstorms). p339, Solved Example, col 1: Change the figure, so that slanting height contours are also shown. Also, draw the "tiles" as trapezoids between the height contours (i.e., vertical edges along constant T, but curved horizontal edges following height contours), rather than as rectangles between isobars. p339, Solved Example, col 2: CAPE solution: the units of g are listed incorrectly as 9.8ms-1, should be 9.8ms-2. p351, col 1. Add one to the table numbers for tables 15-1 and 15-2 (i.e., change them to 15-2 and 15-3), and change the corresponding reference to those tables in the body of the chapter. p353, col 1, exercise N2. Change the first sentence to start: "For precipitation drag in a downburst (and neglecting evaporative cooling), find the ..." p353, col 2, exercise N10. Add the sentence: "Assume T(environment) = 290 K."

Chapter 16 p375, col 2, exercise U9. Change from "Fig 16.12" to "Fig. 16.14".

Chapter 17 p383, col 2, Fig 17.3. Mising plus infinity and minus infinity from Rf near the bottom of that fig. Left side should say Rf = infinity. Right side should say Rf = - infinity. These are correct in Fig 4.24.

Chapter 18

Chapter 19

Appendices Appendix B - Constants and Conversion Factors .

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p446, col 1, density of pure liq water = 999.84 kg/m3 at 0 C 998.21 kg/m3 at 20C 992.22 kg/m3 at 40C 983.20 kg/m3 at 60C 971.82 kg/m3 at 80C 958.40 kg/m3 at 100 C p446, col 1, density of sea water = 1025 kg/m3 Appendix E - Answers p463, col 2, section on Chapt 3, Question U1. Delete this item and its answer from Appendix E. (The printed "answer" is wrong. There is indeed a solution to U1, but it will not be given in Appendix E.) p464, col 1, section on Chapt 8, Question N13a. Units should be (g/kg)(m/s). p464, middle column, section about Chapt 11, Question: N6a. Answer should be positive: UTH = 4.8 m/s, VTH = 0. p464, right column, section about Chapt 13, Question: N17a. Answer should probably be 85.3 m/s .

Index p490, col 3, replace the first sub-entry under the item "level(s) of" with the following two sub-entries: "free convection (LFC), 338" "limit of convection (LOC), 338" p490, col 3, add the following new entries, in their proper alphabetical locations: "LFC (level of free convection), 338" "limit of convection (LOC), 338" "LOC (limit of convection), 338" p494, col 1, under "potential temperature", add the item: "liquid-water, p111"

Acknowledgements: Wes Kubo, Eric Bucad, Emily Fischer, Henryk Modzelewski, and many other students who helped to find errors.

http://www.eos.ubc.ca/courses/atsc201 Copyright 2002 by Roland Stull

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