Jesus

Time of the Bible written important Communication Diagram Addresser (encodes) (culture) (knowledge) (experience) Context - message medium Does interpretation not involve twisting Scriptures? -All communication events involve interpretation. No historical pictures of Jesus Portrait-more interpretive projection -image photograph- objective People have died for and because of the Bible Interpreting Scripture Preachers tend to twist things if not agreed with

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Engage in the biblical text-answers not that important-exams.

Addressee (decodes) (culture) (knowledge) (experience)

(attitudes) = dictates what I want to communicate to you. -shaped by parents, preacher, location, etc. medium: means of communication

(attitudes)

views may be overlapping, but are not exactly the same sister &brother backyard view. Perspective is Important

-age counts b/c of diff teachers, ed. , etc. What you will see in the biblical text is what you were taught to see. Good reader is self-aware reader (e.g. rabbit and duck (rotated 90 degrees) Texts that Seem Obvious Luke 6:27 Love your enemies and do good to those who hate you Acts 2:38 Luke 14:33 Jesus is he son of God-would not have been interpreted that way in ancient times. Son of God-messianic term Messianic: inspired by hope or belief in a Messiah (Jesus believed to be the prophesied deliver of the If fixated with one way, cannot see other way (e.g. overlapping circles pic.)

Jewish nation).

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views. author.. Often we see what we look for. We come to the text with: -worldview (e.g. man walking on water) -our own history and culture -religious background (preconceived ideas) Stumbling Blocks Language Gap No Objective Readers -problem: constrains language and obscures interpretive points. Revised Statement -To understand the possible meanings that a given text might have had for the original audience of the We put pieces of the Bible together, and teach the horse and rider. Task of Interpretation Some say- To allow the Bible to speak with its own voice, rather than forcing the Bible to conform to our Our mind has a tendency to fill the gaps (e.g. separated puzzle horse) 11:27 15:29 Obscure Text Corinthians 7:1 It is well for a man not to touch a woman.

Time Gap -history gap -biblical author references things that his time correspondents knew, not us Culture Gap -what was it like to be a woman in the 1st century Third party perspective -Bible was not written to us -Wrote as a series of individual documents Three Horizons The time of Jesus -what actually was going on when Jesus said and did the things that Luke wrote in his Gospel? The time of Lukes writing -70-80 A.D. -writing to those who are Christians shapes story into their own timeframe The present -So what? Significance? The Origin of the Bible Many treat the Bible as unified whole delivered by God Bible is a collection of books written over a vast span of time Books developed over time

-genesis was written in a very different time period than Luke Books circulated independently initially Assumptions about Inspiration God====Author Dictation Theory: (e.g. Holy Spirit speaking biblical text, in form of dove) Evidence of Scripture does not back up, or support, such theories Sources Num 21:14- The Book of the Wars of yahweh Josh 10:13 The Book of Jasher 1 Kings 11:41- Book of Annals Solomon 1 Kings 14:19 Kings 14:29 1 Chron. 27:24 2 Chron. 13:22 Inspiration God Sources Author Formation of a Biblical Book History Event Occurs Preservation of Event

Transmission of Event Inclusion of Event in Biblical Book Gospel Formation Jesus Ministry Disciples Memory Early Preaching Oral Transmission Small Written Collections A Gospel is Written Why Four Gospels? Jesus tradition adapted for audience Each Gospel designed with specific goal Old testament-everything that comes before Jesus Synoptics seeing together -Mark is action Gospel for Gentiles ( most likely the first gospel written) -Matthew shows Jewish Christians that Jesus is messiah (directed at Jewish Christians) -Luke is for Gentiles (different purpose than mark) John-Organized around 7 signs (miracles (e.g. changing water into wine) Synoptic Problem High degree of agreement in order and wording of symbols

At the same time significant differences between synoptics Compare Mark 11 and Matthew 21 Mark 11:1-21 They approach Jerusalem Two disciples find a colt Jesus enters Jerusalem Enters temple Looks around Goes to Bethany Next Day Sees fig tree in leaf Finds no fruit Cures fig tree Enters Jerusalem Drove out those who were sellings Jesus leaves city Next day Disciples see the fig tree withered Then peter remembered Mathew 21:1-20 * donkey and a colt *drove out all who were seing *fig tree withers at once

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Mark-might have changed narrative

-uses fig tree story as a framework to explain the cleansing of the temple Intercolation- start with one story and finish with another story Jesus died kind of like a Passover lamb God has allowed human authors to vary stories in order to send a theological message. Oral Theory Oral traditions about jesus Matthew mark luke Augustinian Theory Luke used both Matthew and Mark Gusti Theory Mark used both Matthew and Luke Four Source hypothesis Q-sayings source L- Lukes special stuff M- Matthews special stuff MMatthew MarkMatthew and Luke QMatthew and Luke -Inspiration is not dictation.

Luke and the Synoptics Luke uses Mark as a source Luke goes beyond Matthew in -Jesus birth and childhood -resurrection appearances Major contribution is story of church -covers approximately 60 years -Luke foreshadows things that will come Earliest Christian Scriptures First Bible of Christians is Septuagint (LXX)-roman numeral 70 Earliest part of New Testament written is Pauls letters -Early 50s Earliest manuscript-John 18 -100-150 C.E. Pauline collection- 200 C.E. Authorship of Luke Gospels anonymous Tradition says Luke (Muratorian Fragment) Genre and Purpose What type of material is this? Is Luke a Historian? What type of History? Apologetic Literature -{defending what you believe} -Politically harmless -Apology for Paul -Jewish apologetic (Outside and inside) [Luke is writing to a gentile audience] Important Themes Salvation-God as Savior Universalism-extension of call to Gentiles [wealthy people did not get good news-meaning youre going to hell] Reversal -a. Women -b. Poor -c. Outcasts Prophecy and Fulfillment Holy Spirit-especially in Acts [key character in Luke and Acts]