Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
11/26/07
IMS 201
The Impact of Blogging on American Journalism
Ever since Adolph Ochs, William Randolph Hearst, and Joseph Pulitzer pioneered
American journalism, not since television has such a technological innovation been as
influential to the field as the Internet. Its advent brought a level of communication that
was completely unimaginable. Suddenly people were able to instantly talk across the
globe for the price of next to nothing, exchanging information and ideas with new people;
all the while creating both an audience and a platform for that same audience to express
their own sides to the discussion. One such platform, the Blog, has prompted professional
journalists, the government, and the public to reexamine not only what it means to be a
trace the history of its development. When the internet was first envisioned as a way to
disseminate news, no one really imagined it in a way other than as a means to supplement
print media. This is how the practice of ‘shovelware’ was born—cut and pasting print
stories onto a website (note that this is how broadcast/TV news began too; they simply
realizing that there is a whole new world of ways to deliver news and tell stories—means
video, as well as using raw video footage to tell a story—and such applications are being
The blog is another such tool that not only compliments the system of putting out
news but also has the potential to bring together all of the other elements I mentioned.
The ‘Blog’ itself is a website that displays a series of updates and typically displays the
most recent update first. Most blogs allow readers to comment on the posts. The term
Blog" can also be used as a verb describing the act of adding content to a blog. The
blogger, the webmaster who publishes the series of updates, determines the subject of the
blog and while some blogs are simply public diaries for the blogger, others are used as
platforms for social commentary and discussion or the dissemination of news (Matheson
448-9).
there has been a rise of, as professor of Journalism at NYU and author of the blog
pressthink.com Jay Rosen describes, ‘the people formerly known as the audience.’
Journalists have predicted and traced the rise what has been dubbed ‘citizen’ or
‘participatory’ journalism. "For the first time, people at the edges of the network have the
ability to create their own news entities," says Dan Gillmor, a San Jose Mercury News
journalist who is writing a book about participatory journalism (Lasica). It has also given
rise to the belief that these people should be open about their personal history and status
—something called journalistic transparency—so that readers know exactly who their
news is coming from and the biases that each blogger may hold. While the idea behind
media transparency is not a new one, in the field of journalism—especially where such a
In these ways, Online Journalism is threatening the entire system behind print and
broadcast journalism where journalists hide behind the names of their newspapers, and
the endless layers of editors and publishers who have their own agenda altering their
words. Perhaps nobody can say it better than Matt Drudge, a blogger (The Drudge
Report) who broke open the Monica Lewinsky scandal by monitoring the news wires
(such as AP and Reuters) and publishing a report on the internet about the killing of the
“We have entered an era vibrating with the din of small voices. Every citizen can
be a reporter, can take on the powers that be. The difference between the Internet,
speaker of the House. We all become equal. And you would be amazed what the
When Drudge gave his speech to the NPC, the audience was full of journalists
who, being used to the competitive nature of the field, were apprehensive of the potential
effects of bloggers at that time—creating a tension that still exists today. First, print
journalists felt that bloggers were undermining their authority as the end-all-be-all news
source; that the bloggers were taking their job away because they can disperse
information quicker than print journalists and often in a form more suitable to telling the
story. Being forced to get the news out quicker puts pressure on the print/broadcast
journalists and therefore increases their potential to make more mistakes in their
reporting. Bloggers are then able to show the errors in the print journalists reporting. Print
and broadcast journalists also attack bloggers by claiming that there is no ‘accountability’
with blogging because they are not subject to any editorial standards and therefore they
Vincent Maher, an influential South African voice on blogging, argue that “citizen
journalism is dead.” Others like Jay Rosen believe that blogs, or “little First Amendment
machines” will turn traditional journalism on its head. Is “the Internet going to save the
news business,” as Matt Drudge believes? Whatever happens, things are changing—I
Annotated Bibliography
Matheson, Donald. “Weblogs and the epistemology of the news: some trends in online
journalism.” New Media & Society, Aug 2004, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p443-468. Used to provide
a peer-reviewed, scholarly definition of a Blog.
Lasica, J.D. “What is Participatory Journalism?” August 07, 2003. Online Journalism
Review. <http://www.ojr.org/ojr/workplace/1060217106.php> This source attempts to
define what constitutes as “Participatory Journalism,” categorizing sites based on the
method of contribution, presentation, etc. Cited to give a clear definition of the
citizen/participatory movement.
Drudge, Matt. “Anyone With A Modem Can Report On The World”: Address Before the
National Press Club. June 2, 1998. Liberty Round Table Library: Essays.
<http://www.libertyroundtable.org/library/essay.drudge.html> Source used because
it is not only one of the first but is arguably the most influential speech on the subject.
Rosen, Jay. “The People Formerly Known as the Audience.” June 27, 2006. Pressthink.
<http://journalism.nyu.edu/pubzone/weblogs/pressthink/2006/06/27/ppl_frmr.html#
more> Jay Rosen has championed citizen journalism from the beginning and is one of
the leading voices opposite Maher.