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Proposed APKWS Block II Objectives

Integrate Technologies to Replace the Current M151 and M423

Insensitive Munition Compliance Is Main Focus Improved Warhead and Fuze Lethality Improved MIL-STD 1316 Fuze Program Ends in FY05 with TRL 6 Prototype Designs and Supporting Test Data Low Risk Transition to APKWS Block II SDD

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APKWS Warhead / Fuze Program Overview

Design for IM Enhanced Fragmentation Enhanced Blast Dual Safe Fuze

Next Step:

APKWS Block II Warhead and Fuze Program Will Provide the Capability to Defeat the Current and Evolving Threat

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AMMPGM STO-Funded Warhead Risk Reduction Activities

Objective:
To Investigate High-Risk Areas and Critical Technologies of 2.75 Warhead Development as a Parallel Effort to APKWS Water Tank Tests Complete Fragment Mass Distribution Data Easier Data Reduction

Fragmentation Tests M151 Modified With Preformed Tungsten Cubes Embedded Fragmentation Warhead

Tandem Blast Frag / SC Shaped Charge and Blast Fragmentation Tandem Warhead Various Configurations

TBX / Enhanced Blast Tests Evaluation of Several TBX Fills From Industry Pressure, Temperature, and Fragmentation Data M151 Warhead Bodies

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Thermobarics (TBX) / Enhanced Blast Tests

Objective: Industry and Other Govt Agencies for APKWS Warhead
Mini Arena Test Setup
One Velocity Panel, One Celetex Bundle Conduct an Evaluation of Candidate TBX Fills from

Evaluation of 14 Different Explosive Fills Data Acquisition:

Pressure & Temperature Fragment Velocity Fragment Mass and Spatial Distribution Number of Fragments

Data Will Be Available to Industry Evaluate TBX Fragment Driving Capability Comp B, PBXN-109, and PBXN-110 Tested as Baselines
AMRDEC AMRDEC AMRDEC AMRDEC Picatinny Picatinny EBA&D ATK ATK Talley Navy Navy Comp B PBXN-109 PBXN-110 RAX-16 PAX-28 PAX-3 YJ-05 NIX-G TEPX-D 3 fills CLAP 1 C133

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M151 Enhanced Blast Test Matrix

Test #
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Company/Organization
AMRDEC Baseline (Current M151 Fill) AMRDEC Baseline AMRDEC Baseline American Ordnance Iowa \ Picatinny Alliant Techsystems \ Picatinny Alliant Techsystems Talley Defense Systems Talley Defense Systems Talley Defense Systems NAVY (NAVAIR, China Lake) NAVY (NAVAIR, China Lake) Ensign-Bickford Aerospace & Defense ARDEC Picatinny AMRDEC

Explosive Fill
Comp B PBXN-109 PBXN-110 PAX-3 NIX-G TEPX-D 7164 7172 7174 CLAP CL133 YJ-05 PAX-28 RAX-16

Test Date
3/17/2004 4/6/2004 6/2/2004 4/20/2004 4/19/2004 4/22/2004 5/11/2004 5/12/2004 5/27/2004 4/28/2004 5/25/2004 4/7/2004 4/27/2004 4/5/2004

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Mini-Arena Test Setup

Standard M151 2.75 Warhead Body Approx 6.4 lbs (empty) Naturally Fragmenting Cast Iron Filled and Returned to Redstone for Testing Initiated with RP-80 & Booster at Front Comp-B tested as Baseline Mini Arena Setup 1 Celetex Bundle 1 Alum Velocity Panel Phantom Video 4 Pressure Transducers 4 Calorimeters 4 Thermocouples 45 from WHD Axis

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Mini Arena Test Video

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Peak Pressure Measurement

Explosive A B C D E F G H I PBXN-110 J K Comp B PBXN-109
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Peak Pressure (psi) at 10 feet 23.33 20.50 20.21 20.20 18.21 17.38 16.92 15.86 14.87 13.88 13.34 11.44 9.91 9.45

Peak Pressure Recorded at Closest Pressure Transducer 10 Feet from Warhead Explosives named A-L Based upon Peak Pressure Data Rank Same Nomenclature used for Remaining Comparisons Fielded M151 Explosive is Comp B

Pressure Impulse at 10 Feet

Explosive A B K D F C E J PBXN-109 G H Comp B PBXN-110 I Impulse at 10 (psi-ms) 2.230 2.219 2.190 2.168 2.154 2.125 2.035 1.930 1.793 1.697 1.627 1.617 1.540 1.455

Baselines

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Temperature Data
Explosive Temperature Increase at 10 (oF) 20.48 19.42 17.82 17.24 14.87 13.39 12.14 9.50 9.17 8.86 5.16 Gage Malfunction Gage Malfunction Gage Malfunction

Temperature Increase Recorded at Closest Sensor Pressure and Temperature Effects not on same Trend

J H PBXN-109 A E I C

120 Thermocouple 1 Thermocouple 2 Thermocouple 3 110 105 100 95 Thermocouple 4

K B D F PBXN-110 Comp B
2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Time (s) 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3

115

T em p eratu re (F )

90 85 80

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Heat Flux (Calorimeter) Data

Heat Fluxes J H E G D PBXN-109 F
8 Calorimeter 1 Calorimeter 2 6 Heat Flux (W/cm 2*s) 5 4 3 2 1 Calorimeter 3 Calorimeter 4

Heat Flux at 10 (W/cm2-s) 7.09 5.32 4.66 4.57 3.49 3.10 2.66 2.62 2.35 2.07 1.99 1.86 Gage Malfunction Gage Malfunction

Peak Heat Flux Recorded at 10 feet from Warhead

K A B C I Comp B
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Time (s) 0.8 1 1.2

PBXN-110

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Fragment Velocities
Explosive Average Fragment Velocity (m/s) 1580 1579 1566 1542 1502 1449 1430 1372 1365 1346 1336 1213 1174 1109
Frag Velocity by Explosive
2500 Velocity (m/s)

A B PBXN-110 C F Comp B K PBXN-109 D H G J E I

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Velocities Measured via Phantom High Speed Video Min, Max, & Avg Velocities Calculated The Best Performers in Pressure were Also the Best at Driving Fragments

2000

1500

PBXN-110

500

Comp B

1000

Explosive Type

PBXN-109

# of Fragment Perforations
Explosive A B PBXN-110 C Comp B H F G K J D PBXN-109 E I
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Number of Perforations 564 523 493 441 396 378 368 347 333 326 324 315 268 155

Summary of TBX Evaluation Results

No Data, (Estimate)

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Each Measured Characteristic Given an even Weighting 80% of Candidate Explosive Fills Exceeded Baselines Ranking may be different depending on desired application This Testing Demonstrated that Many Enhanced Blast (i.e. TBX) Explosives Maintain Adequate Fragment Driving Characteristics