Indian Political Summary(At Centre Level) y The politics of India takes place within the framework of a federal constitutional

republic, in which the President of India is head of state and the Prime Minister of India is the head of government. y For most of the years since independence, the federal government has been guided by the Indian National Congress (INC). The two largest political parties have been the INC and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) y The other major opposition party is the LEFT Party(communist party) and India is a MULTI-PARTY SYTEM y India has had a federal form of government. However, the central government in India has greater power in relation to its states, and its central government is patterned after the British parliamentary system. y The national government has the power to dismiss state governments under specific constitutional clauses or if no majority party or coalition is able to form a government. The central government can also impose direct federal rule known as president's rule (or central rule). Locally, the Panchayati Raj system has several administrative functions. y In all there are 364 political parties. Indian Parliamentary system at the Center

India is a multiparty democracy. The Lok Sabha (lower house) is directly elected by universal adult suffrage, while the Rajya Sabha (upper house) is indirectly elected by the state assemblies. There are 28 self-governing states. Of the seven union territories, Delhi and Pondicherry have their own assemblies.

Indian Political System at the( state level) Vidhan Sabha Lower House
y y The Vidhan Sabha (Hindi: ) or the Legislative Assembly is the lower house Members of a Vidhan Sabha are direct representatives of the people of the particular state as they are directly elected by an electorate consisting of all adult citizens of that state. Its maximum size as outlined in the Constitution of India is not more than 500 members and not less than 60. However, the size of the Vidhan Sabha can be less than 60 members through an Act of Parliament, such is the case in the states of Goa, Sikkim and Mizoram. Each Vidhan Sabha is formed for a five year term

Vidhan Parishad y The Vidhan Parishad (or Legislative Council) is the upper house in those states of India that have a bicameral legislature. As of 2011[update], six (out of twenty-eight) states have a Legislative Council: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh. In contrast with a state's Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly), the Legislative Council is a permanent body that cannot be dissolved; each Member of the Legislative Council (MLC) serves for a six-year term, with terms staggered so that the terms of one-third of a Council's members expire every two years. This arrangement parallels that for the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India. MLCs are chosen in the following manner: y One-third are elected by members of local bodies such as corporations, municipalities, and zilla parishads. y One-third are elected by members of Legislative Assembly from among the persons who are not members of the Assembly. y One-twelfth are elected persons who are graduates of three years' standing residing in that state. y One-twelfth are elected by persons engaged for at least three years in teaching in educational institutions within the state not lower than secondary schools, including colleges and universities. y One-sixth are nominated by the governor from persons having knowledge or practical experience in fields such as literature, science, arts, the co-operative movement and social service.

The party in power in the state of Orissa is BJD( Biju Janta Dal) and leader is Naveen Patnaik for the last 3 consecutive terms his party members are present in Vidhan Sabha(Orissa Legislative Assembly) only and the state of Orissa follows a UNICAMERAL SYSTEM with the existence of NO vidhan Parishad. Note : In government, unicameralism (Latin uni, one + camera, chamber) is the practice of having one legislative or parliamentary chamber. Thus, a unicameral parliament or unicameral legislature is a legislature which consists of one chamber or house (WIKIPEDIA)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Orissa